A1 road
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2008-07-12T15:44:15Z
Wrh1973
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/* Wetherby to Dishforth */ Updated status of Kirk Deighton services
{{dablink|This page is about the '''A1 road''' in Great Britain. For other A1 roads, see [[A1#A1 Roads|A1 (disambiguation)]].}}
{{UK road routebox|
| road= A1
| length-mi=
| length-km=
| direction= South - North
| start= [[City of London]]
| destinations= [[Peterborough]] <br>[[Stamford, Lincolnshire|Stamford]] <br>[[Grantham]] <br>[[Newark-on-Trent]] <br>[[Doncaster]]<br>[[Pontefract]]<br>[[Leeds]]<br>[[Wetherby]] <br>[[Scotch Corner]] <br>[[Darlington]] <br>[[Gateshead]] <br>[[Newcastle upon Tyne]] <br>[[Morpeth, Northumberland|Morpeth]] <br>[[Alnwick]] <br>[[Berwick-upon-Tweed]]
| end= [[Edinburgh]]
| construction-date=
| completion-date=
| junctions= {{ukmotorwaysmall|1}} {{ukmotorwaysmall|25}}<br /> {{ukroadsmall|14}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|16}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|17}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|19}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|40}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|41}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|43}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|46}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|47}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|406}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|421}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|428}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|52}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|57}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|61}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|63}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|64}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|66}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|69}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|167}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|606}}<br />{{ukroadsmall|720}}
| euroroute= {{European route number small sign|15}}
}}
{{imagestack|[[Image:A1mroad.400px.jpg|thumb|Sign at Junction 1 of the A1(M) at South Mimms in Hertfordshire.]][[Image:Edinburgh A1 start01 2004-10-23.jpg|thumb|right|Signs at the northern terminus of the A1 in central [[Edinburgh]]. Previously the sign had read '[[London]] and the South' instead of [[Berwick upon Tweed]].]]
[[Image:A1scotland.jpg|thumb|right|A single carriageway section of the A1 skirting the Scottish coastline just across the border from Northumberland.]]|right}}
The '''A1''' is the longest numbered road in the UK at {{convert|409|mi|lk=on}} long. It connects [[Greater London|London]], the [[capital city]] of the [[United Kingdom]] and of [[England]], with [[Edinburgh]], the capital of [[Scotland]]. For much of its path it follows the historic '''Great North Road'''. The modern course of the A1 diverges somewhat, particularly where it passed through a town or village that has subsequently been [[bypass (road)|bypassed]], or where new motorway standard road has been constructed on a more direct route. Between its junctions with the [[M25 motorway|M25]] (near London) and [[A696 road|A696]] (near [[Newcastle upon Tyne]]) the road forms part of the unsigned [[International E-road network|Euroroute]] [[European route E15|E15]] which runs from [[Inverness]] to [[Algeciras]].
== Route ==
{{seealso|A1 road (London)}}
The A1 runs from the heart of the [[City of London]] at [[St. Paul's Cathedral]] to the centre of Scotland's capital, Edinburgh.
The A1 shares its [[London]] terminus with the [[A40 road|A40]], in the City area of [[Central London]]. It then runs out of London through [[Islington]] (where [[A1 road (London)#Upper Street|Upper Street]] forms part of its route), up [[Holloway Road]], through [[Barnet]], [[Potters Bar]], [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]], [[Welwyn]], [[Stevenage]], [[Baldock]], [[Biggleswade]], [[Sandy, Bedfordshire|Sandy]], [[St Neots]] and [[Peterborough]]. Continuing north, the A1 runs on modern bypasses around [[Stamford, Lincolnshire|Stamford]], [[Grantham]], [[Newark-on-Trent]], [[Retford]], [[Bawtry]], [[Doncaster]], [[Knottingley]], [[Garforth]], [[Wetherby]], [[Knaresborough]], [[Boroughbridge]], [[Scotch Corner]], [[Darlington]], [[Newton Aycliffe]], [[Durham]], [[Chester-le-Street]], past the [[Angel of the North]] sculpture and the [[Metrocentre]] in [[Gateshead]], around [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], [[Morpeth, Northumberland|Morpeth]], [[Alnwick]], [[Berwick-upon-Tweed]], into [[Scotland]], past [[Dunbar]], [[Haddington, East Lothian|Haddington]] and [[Musselburgh]] before finally arriving in Edinburgh at the East End of [[Princes Street]] near [[Edinburgh Waverley railway station|Waverley Station]] at the junction of the [[A7 road|A7]], [[A8 road|A8]] and [[A900 road|A900]] roads.
== Origins and history ==
{{seealso|Great Britain road numbering scheme}}
{{seealso|A1 road (London)}}
The modern A1 mainly follows the route of the Great North Road. This was a major coaching route in Britain and was used by the mail coaches between London, York and Edinburgh. It boasted of many inns used as posting stages. Some of these inns still survive.<ref>Norman W. Webster (1974)'' The Great North Road''</ref>
The Great North Road, in part, followed the course of the Roman [[Ermine Street]]: from [[Alconbury]] as far as [[Woolsthorpe by Colsterworth|Colsterworth]] (at the [[A151 road|A151]] junction), and again in the [[North Nottinghamshire]] and [[Yorkshire]] areas - utilising part of the course of the [[Roman Ridge, South Yorkshire|Roman Rigg]] or [[Roman Ridge, South Yorkshire|Roman Ridge]] north of [[Doncaster]]. Further north the Great North Road utilised the Roman [[Dere Street]]. An older and alternative route to the north from London was the [[Old North Road]]. This followed the initial section of Ermine Street and joined the Great North Road at Alconbury where a prominent milestone records the respective mileages from London on both routes: 65 miles on the Old North Road and 68 by the Great North Road.<ref>Norman W. Webster (1974)'' The Great North Road'': 56-7</ref>
A traditional starting point of the Great North Road was the now demolished [[Hicks Hall]] at [[Smithfield]] in Central London. Milestones and distances in road atlases were measured from this point.<ref>Norman W. Webster (1974)'' The Great North Road'': 15-16</ref>The route ran from Smithfield up [[St John Street]] to the [[Angel Islington]]. However, with the building of the [[Post Office (United Kingdom)|General Post Office]] at [[St Martin's-le-Grand]] in 1829, coaches started using the alternative route used by the modern A1, beginning at the GPO building and following [[Aldersgate Street]] and [[Goswell Road]] before joining the old route at the Angel. The Angel was originally an inn and an important staging post on the route.<ref>Norman W. Webster (1974)'' The Great North Road'': 22-23</ref>
The Great North Road is often mentioned in [[English literature]], for example ''[[Pickwick Papers]]'' by [[Charles Dickens]].
The legendary [[highwayman]] [[Dick Turpin]]'s rapid flight from London to York, in less than 15 hours, on his faithful mare Black Bess, is perhaps the most famous legend of the Great North Road. Various inns that still stand along the A1 claim that Turpin ate his lunch there that night, or stopped off there for a brief respite for his horse. [[Harrison Ainsworth]], in his famous 1834 romance ''[[Rookwood]]'', immortalised this with a spirited account of this wonderful ride by Dick Turpin on his mare, and it is in this connection that Turpin's name has been generally remembered. Historians have frequently argued that Turpin never actually made this speedy journey, and that, as far as Turpin is concerned, the incident is pure fiction. They argue that such a ride was really made by [[John Nevison]], known as "Swift Nick", born and raised at Wortley village near Sheffield and a well-known highwayman in the time of Charles II some 50 years before Turpin, who to establish an alibi rode from Gad's Hill (near Rochester, Kent) to York (some {{convert|190|mi}}) in about 15 hours.
Even more unreliable evidence links various highwaymen with the Ram-Jam Inn at Stretton, in Rutland. The A1 passes a few feet from the door. Although the interior of the historic inn was lost to fire in the 1970s, a modern restaurant occupies the building now.
The original Great North Road had a number of Historic Coaching Inns, including the George at [[Stamford, Lincolnshire| Stamford]] and the Bell Inn at [[Stilton]] (hence [[Stilton (cheese)|Stilton]] cheese, which was first sold from the Inn from about 1730).
[[Scotch Corner]], in North Yorkshire, marks the point where the traffic for [[Glasgow]] and the west of Scotland divides from that for Edinburgh, as it has for hundreds of years before motor traffic. As well as a historic hotel there have been a variety of homes for the famous transport café, now subsumed as a motorway services.
The road skirts the remains of [[Sherwood Forest]], and passes the historic [[Catterick Garrison]].
The original A1 route was designated by the [[Ministry of Transport]] in 1921
The route was modified in 1927 when bypasses were built around [[Barnet]] and [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]]
In 1960 [[Stamford, Lincolnshire|Stamford]] and [[Doncaster]] were bypassed, as was [[Retford]] in 1961 and [[St Neots]] in 1971.
During the early 1970s immediate plans to widen the A1 along the Archway Road were abandoned after four public inquiries when, for the first time, [[Road protest (UK)|road protesters]] disrupted the process rather than relying on giving evidence in an orderly manner. The scheme was finally dropped in 1990.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roadblock.org.uk/resources/roadsvictories.pdf|title=Road Victories|format=pdf|work=Road Block|accessdate=2008-01-22}}</ref>
During the 1980s the [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]] section was rebuilt in a tunnel.
Recent re-routing required the moving of the memorial at [[Norman Cross]] to the Napoleonic prisoners buried there.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lhi.org.uk/projects_directory/projects_by_region/east_of_england/city_of_peterborough/norman_cross_eagle_appeal/index.html
|title=Norman Cross Eagle Appeal|publisher=Local Heritage Initiative|accessdate=2008-01-22}}</ref>
Speed cameras have been introduced on the busy single carriageway section north of Morpeth which is notorious stretch dangerous overtaking and where there is heavy tourist traffic to locations like [[Alnwick Castle]] and heavy goods vehicles serving Scotland{{Fact|date=January 2008}}. Most of the approaches to the roundabouts between Blyth and London have speed cameras, [[GATSO]] or [[TruVelo]] about a mile before the roundabout, so that people are doing no more than 70 when the signs announcing the junctions are visible. These are being retained or at the most relocated and recalibrated to control speeds through the roadworks as the roundabouts are bypassed.
==Improvements underway==
===A421 Great Barford Bypass===
An upgrade of the [[Black Cat Roundabout]] at the junction with the [[A421 road|A421]] (Bedford Road) is now complete with the [[Great Barford]] A421 bypass also finished. 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/4610.aspx|title=A421 Great Barford Bypass Scheme Page|publisher=Highways Agency|accessdate=2008-01-20}}</ref>
===A1 Peterborough to Blyth Grade Separated Junctions===
Work began in August 2006 to replace the six roundabouts on the A1 between [[Blyth, Nottinghamshire|Blyth]] and the A1(M) section to Alconbury with grade separated junctions. Once complete this will provide a fully grade separated route between the Buckden roundabout (just north of St Neots and approximately {{convert|4|mi}} north of the Black Cat roundabout) and just north of [[Morpeth, Northumberland|Morpeth]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/4455.aspx|title=A1 Peterborough to Blyth Grade Separated Junctions Scheme|publisher=Highways Agency|accessdate=2008-01-20}}</ref>
{|
| [[Blyth, Nottinghamshire|Blyth]] ([[A614 road|A614]])
|-
| {{Yes2}} Apleyhead (A614/[[A57 road|A57]]) || Fully operational (January 2008)
|-
| [[Markham Moor]] (A57)
|-
| {{Yes2}} Gonerby Moor (B1174) || Fully operational (March 2008)
|-
| Colsterworth ([[A151 road|A151]]) and the junction with the B6403
|-
| Carpenters Lodge ([[Stamford, Lincolnshire|Stamford]]) (B1081)
|}
===A1(M) Bramham to Wetherby Motorway===
Upgrade of 10km of the existing road to dual 3-lane motorway standard between the current Bramham/[[A64 road|A64]] junction to north of Wetherby to meet the section of motorway opened in 2006, including provision of a local access road alongside for non-motorway traffic. The scheme's [[public inquiry]] began on [[18 October]] [[2006]] and the project is designed by James Poyner. Work began in May 2007 and is due for completion May 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/5526.aspx|title=A1(M) Bramham to Wetherby Improvement Scheme|publisher=Highways Agency|accessdate=2008-01-20}}</ref>
==Proposed improvements==
===A1(M) Dishforth to Barton Motorway===
Current proposals are for the upgrade of the existing dual carriageway to dual 3-lane motorway standard, with a local access road provided alongside for non-motorway traffic, between [[Dishforth]] (A1(M)/[[A168 road|A168]] junction) and [[Barton]] (start of current northernmost section of A1(M)). Work is due to start in autumn 2008 and be completed by 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/5187.aspx|title=A1 Dishforth to Barton Improvement Scheme|publisher=Highways Agency|accessdate=2008-01-20}}</ref> Once completed this will provide continuous motorway standard between Darrington (south of M62 junction) and [[Gateshead]]. Some have suggested the renaming of the motorway stretch from the M1/A1(M) Hook Moor junction to Gateshead to be M1 once this work has been completed meaning that the M1 would then connect London to [[Tyneside]].
===Ellington to Fen Ditton scheme===
{{main|A14 road}}
There is proposed Ellington to Fen Ditton scheme associated with the [[A14 road|A14]] at Brampton Hut roundabout.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/4219.aspx Highways Agency|title=A14 Ellington to Fen Ditton Scheme|publisher=Highways Agency|accessdate=2008-01-20}}</ref>
===Other proposals===
A proposal to replace the road with a parallel motorway between [[Stotfold]] and [[Alconbury]] thus giving a continuous motorway to [[Peterborough]], was dropped as too expensive, as was a proposal to convert the motorway north of Peterborough to Grantham.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.publications.parliament.uk/cgi-bin/newhtml_hl?DB=semukparl&STEMMER=en&WORDS=a1%20baldock&ALL=a1%20baldock&ANY=&PHRASE=&CATEGORIES=&SIMPLE=&SPEAKER=&COLOUR=red&STYLE=s&ANCHOR=51220w05.html_spnew6&URL=/pa/cm199596/cmhansrd/vo951220/text/51220w05.htm#51220w05.html_spnew6 |publisher=Hansard|Date=[[1995-12-20]]|title=Column: 1180|accessdate=2008-01-20}}</ref>
Plans to improve the [[single carriageway]] section of road north of Newcastle upon Tyne were shelved in 2006 as they were not considered a regional priority. The intention was to dual the road between [[Morpeth, Northumberland|Morpeth]] and [[Felton, Northumberland|Felton]] and between [[Adderstone]] and [[Belford, Northumberland|Belford]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northumberlandtoday.co.uk/ViewArticle2.aspx?SectionID=1117&ArticleID=1625204|title=Northumberland Today - ''A1 dualling hopes dashed''|date=[[2006-07-13]]|publisher=Nothumberland Today|accessdate=2008-01-20}}</ref>. There are now no current plans to dual the whole of the A1 route between Newcastle and Edinburgh, despite fierce campaigns{{Fact|date=January 2008}} in the past to make this so.
Improvements to junctions near the village of Elkesley, Nottinghamshire are planned; since the 1990s this has been the only location between London and Newcastle where there is a permanent speed restriction below national speed limit, as the village's only access to the rest of the road network is via the A1.<ref>[http://www.highways.gov.uk/roads/projects/5815.aspx Highways Agency - A1 Elkesley Junctions Improvement<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Further sections of motorway upgrades are planned, which would ultimately create a single motorway running from Doncaster to Gateshead{{Fact|date=January 2008}}.
==Expressway==
In Scotland a section of the road has been upgraded to [[motorway]] standard and classified as a [[Special road|Special Road]], but is not designated as the A1(M). This runs from the east of Edinburgh to Dunbar.
== A1(M)==<!-- This section is linked from [[Welwyn Roman baths]] -->
[[Image:176709 c2c7af6b.jpg|thumb|right|The A1(M) as it approaches [[Chester-le-Street]].]]
Some sections of the A1 have been upgraded to [[motorway]] standard. These are known as the '''A1(M)'''. These include:
*A stretch between the [[M25 motorway|M25]] at [[South Mimms]] to the town of [[Stotfold]];
*The four lane [[Peterborough]] section from the [[Alconbury]] junction near [[Huntingdon]] to [[Orton Southgate]] near Peterborough; this stretch starts just north of the A14 junction proper and receives traffic from the [[A14 road|A14]] eastbound from the [[M6 motorway|M6]] and westbound from the [[A14 road|A14]] spur and [[M11 motorway|M11]].
*The [[Doncaster]] bypass, which intersects the [[M18 motorway|M18]] (this was the first section of motorway on the A1 and one of the earliest sections of motorway built in the [[United Kingdom]]);
*The new Hook Moor section, and South Leeds Orbital, from Darrington, intersects with the [[M62 motorway|M62]] adjacent to [[Ferrybridge power station]] and is joined by the end of the [[M1 motorway|M1]] at Aberford.
*A relatively new (1993) section which now runs from Wetherby to Dishforth, past [[Harrogate]], [[Ripon]] and [[Boroughbridge]]. The southern stretch to the [[River Wharfe]] bridge opened in August 2005. This was separated from the existing Hook Moor section by only around {{convert|6.5|mi}} of dual carriageway. The majority of this was replaced in 2006 by a new section taking the A1(M) east of Wetherby, joining the old dual carriageway section for only a mile at Wetherby racecourse, before it opens out again to the three lanes and on to Darrington.
*The final stretch of A1(M) from Barton just north of [[Scotch Corner]] in North Yorkshire to [[Washington, Tyne and Wear|Washington]] in [[Tyne and Wear]] through [[County Durham]].
----
===Barton to Gateshead===
{{UK motorway routebox|
| motorway= A1(M)
| length-mi= 30
| length-km= 48
| direction= North - South
| start= [[Barnton]]
| destinations= (Newton) [[Aycliffe]]<br>[[Chester-le-Street]]<br>[[Darlington]]<br>[[Durham]]<br>[[Scotch Corner]]
| end= [[Washington, Tyne and Wear|Washington]]
| opening-date= 1965
| completion-date=1970
| junctions= 57 - [[Image:UK motorway A66(M).PNG|50px]] <br>[[A66(M) motorway]] <br>65 - [[Image:UK motorway A194(M).PNG|50px]] <br>[[A194(M) motorway]]
| euroroute= {{European route number small sign|15}}
}}
This section in stages:
* Junctions 56 to 59 opened in 1965
* Junctions 59 to 63 opened in 1969
* Junctions 63 to 65 opened in 1970
====Junctions====
[[Image:Driving on the left or the right.jpg|thumb|right|The A1(m) near Washington]]
{| border=1 cellpadding=2 style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- align="center" bgcolor="0080d0" style="color: white;font-size:120%;"
| colspan="3" | '''A1(M) Motorway'''
|- align="center" bgcolor="000000" style="color: white"
| Northbound exits
| Junction
| Southbound exits
|- align="center"
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to Newcastle''
| rowspan="2"|J65
| [[Washington, Tyne and Wear|Washington]] [[A1231 road|A1231]]<br>''Non-motorway traffic''
|- align="center"
| [[South Shields]], [[Tyne Tunnel]] '''[[A194(M) motorway|A194(M)]]'''
| ''Start of Motorway''
|- align="center"
| colspan="3" | ''[[Washington services]]''
|- align="center"
| Washington '''[[A195 road|A195]]'''
| J64
| Washington '''A195'''
|- align="center"
| [[Chester-le-Street]] '''[[A167 road|A167]]''' <br>[[Stanley, County Durham|Stanley]] '''[[A693 road|A693]]'''
| J63
| Chester-le-Street '''A167''' <br>Stanley '''A693'''
|- align="center"
| Durham, [[Sunderland]] '''[[A690 road|A690]]'''
| J62
| Durham '''A690'''
|- align="center"
| [[Spennymoor]] '''[[A688 road|A688]]''' <br>Durham '''[[A177 road|A177]]'''
| J61<br>''[[Durham services]]''
| [[Bishop Auckland]], Spennymoor '''A688'''
|- align="center"
| [[Newton Aycliffe]], [[Hartlepool]], [[Ferryhill]] '''[[A689 road|A689]]'''
| J60
| Newton Aycliffe, Hartlepool '''A689'''
|- align="center"
| Newton Aycliffe '''[[A167 road|A167]]'''
| J59
| Newton Aycliffe, Darlington, [[Stockton-on-Tees|Stockton]] '''A167'''
|- align="center"
| [[Shildon]], Bishop Auckland '''[[A68 road|A68]]'''
| J58
| Darlington '''A68'''
|- align="center"
| Darlington, Stockton, [[Middlesbrough]] '''[[A66 road|A66(M)]]'''
| J57
| ''No exit''
|- align="center"
| ''Start of Motorway''
| rowspan="2"|J56
| [[Melsonby]], [[Barton]] '''[[List of B roads in Great Britain|B6275]]'''
|- align="center"
| Melsonby, Barton '''B6275'''<br>''Non-motorway traffic''
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' towards Wetherby ''
|}
----
===Dishforth to Barton===
Section to be upgraded to dual 3-lane motorway standard, work due to start late 2008.
----
===Wetherby to Dishforth===
{{UK motorway routebox|
| motorway= A1(M)
| length-mi= 17
| length-km= 27
| direction= North - South
| start= [[Wetherby]]
| destinations=
| end= [[Dishforth]]
| opening-date= 1995
| completion-date=2005
| junctions= none
| euroroute= {{European route number small sign|15}}
}}
This section opened in stages:
*Junctions 46 to 47 opened in 2005
*Junctions 47 to 49 opened in 1995
====Junctions====
{| border=1 cellpadding=2 style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- align="center" bgcolor="0080d0" style="color: white;font-size:120%;"
| colspan="3" | '''A1(M) Motorway'''
|- align="center" bgcolor="000000" style="color: white"
| Northbound exits
| Junction
| Southbound exits
|- align="center"
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to Durham''
| rowspan="2"|J49
| [[Thirsk]], [[Middlesbrough]] '''[[A168 road|A168]]''' ('''[[A19 road|A19]]''')<br>''Non-motorway traffic''
|- align="center"
| Thirsk, Middlesbrough '''A168''' ('''A19''')
| ''Start of Motorway''
|- align="center"
| [[Ripon]], [[Boroughbridge]] '''A168'''
| J48
| Boroughbridge '''A168''' <br>[[Knaresborough]] '''[[A6055 road|A6055]]'''
|- align="center"
| Knaresborough, [[Harrogate]], [[Leeds Bradford International Airport]] '''[[A59 road|A59]]'''
| J47
| York, Knaresborough '''A59'''
|- align="center"
| ''Start of motorway''
| rowspan="2"|J46<br>''[[Kirk Deighton services]] (under construction, only the [[BP]] petrol station is open at present with the rest of the services opening in the next few months)''
| [[Kirk Deighton]], Wetherby '''A168'''
|- align="center"
| Kirk Deighton, Wetherby '''A168'''<br>''Non-motorway traffic''
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' towards Doncaster''
|}
----
===Bramham to Wetherby===
Work to upgrade to dual 3-lane motorway standard underway, due for completion May 2009.
----
===Darrington to Bramham===
{{UK motorway routebox|
| motorway= A1(M)
| length-mi= 14
| length-km= 23
| direction= North - South
| start= [[Darrington, West Yorkshire|Darrington]]
| destinations= [[Wetherby]]
| end= [[Bramham cum Oglethorpe|Bramham]]
| opening-date= 1999
| completion-date=2006
| junctions= 41 - [[Image:UK motorway M62.PNG|50px]] <br>[[M62 motorway]] <br>43 - [[Image:UK motorway M1.PNG|50px]] <br>[[M1 motorway]]
| euroroute= {{European route number small sign|15}}
}}
This section opened in sections:
*Junctions 43 to 44 opened in 1999
:When this section opened it ended at a temporary terminus south of the [[M1 motorway|M1]]. There was a final exit into Micklefield Village for non-motorway traffic onto what is now the access road.
*Junctions 40 to 43 opened in 2005 & 2006
:This is the most recent upgrade of the road, which upgraded the previous two-lane [[dual carriageway]], much of which was on a substandard alignment to a dual 3-lane [[motorway]]. The northern section of the upgrade, bypassing [[Fairburn, North Yorkshire|Fairburn]] village opened to traffic in April 2005 with a temporary connection with the existing A1 between Fairburn and [[Brotherton]]. The southern section, with a free-flow interchange with the [[M62 motorway]] opened to traffic on [[13 January]] [[2006]].
====Junctions====
{| border=1 cellpadding=2 style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- align="center" bgcolor="0080d0" style="color: white;font-size:120%;"
| colspan="3" | '''A1(M) Motorway'''
|- align="center" bgcolor="000000" style="color: white"
| Northbound exits
| Junction
| Southbound exits
|- align="center"
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to Durham''
| rowspan="2"|J44
| [[Leeds]], [[York]] '''[[A64 road|A64]]'''<br>''Non-motorway traffic''
|- align="center"
| Leeds, York '''A64'''
| ''Start of Motorway''
|- align="center"
| ''No exit''
| J43
| [[Southern England|The SOUTH]], Leeds '''M1'''
|- align="center"
| Leeds, [[Selby]] '''[[A63 road|A63]]'''
| J42
| Selby '''A63'''
|- align="center"
| [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], [[Goole]], [[Manchester]], [[Pontefract]], Leeds '''[[M62 motorway|M62]]'''
| J41
| Hull, Goole, Manchester, Pontefract, Leeds '''M62''' <br>''[[Ferrybridge services]]''
|- align="center"
| ''Start of motorway''
| rowspan="2"|J40
| ''No exit''
|- align="center"
| [[Knottingley]] '''A162'''<br>''Non-motorway traffic'' <br>''[[Ferrybridge services]]''
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to Doncaster''
|}
----
===Doncaster Bypass===
{{UK motorway routebox|
| motorway= A1(M)
| length-mi= 15.0
| length-km= 24.1
| direction= North - South
| start= [[Blyth, Nottinghamshire|Blyth]]
| destinations=
| end= [[Carcroft]]
| opening-date= 1961
| completion-date=complete route
| junctions= 35 - [[Image:UK motorway M18.PNG|50px]] <br>[[M18 motorway]]
| euroroute= {{European route number small sign|15}}
}}
This section opened in 1961.
====Junctions====
{| border=1 cellpadding=2 style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- align="center" bgcolor="0080d0" style="color: white;font-size:120%;"
| colspan="3" | '''A1(M) Motorway'''
|- align="center" bgcolor="000000" style="color: white"
| Northbound exits
| Junction
| Southbound exits
|- align="center"
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to Wetherby''
| rowspan="2"|J38
| [[South Elmsall]], [[Ackworth, West Yorkshire|Ackworth]], [[Wakefield]] '''[[A638 road|A638]]'''<br>''Non-motorway traffic''
|- align="center"
| South Elmsall, Ackworth, Wakefield '''A638'''
| ''Start of Motorway''
|- align="center"
| [[Barnsley]], [[Thurnscoe]] '''[[A635 road|A635]]'''
| J37
| Barnsley, Thurnscoe '''A635'''
|- align="center"
| Doncaster, [[Doncaster Railport]], [[Conisbrough]] '''[[A630 road|A630]]'''
| J36
| Doncaster, Doncaster Railport, Conisbrough '''A630'''
|- align="center"
| [[Sheffield]], [[Rotherham]]<br>Hull, [[Scunthorpe]], [[Robin Hood Airport|Doncaster Robin Hood Airport]] '''[[M18 motorway|M18]]'''
| J35
| Sheffield, Rotherham<br>Hull, Scunthorpe, Robin Hood Airport '''M18'''
|- align="center"
| ''Start of motorway''
| J34<br>''Terminus''
| The SOUTH, Newark '''A1''' <br>[[Bawtry]] '''[[A614 road|A614]]''' <br>[[Blyth, Nottinghamshire|Blyth]] '''[[List of B roads in Great Britain|B6045]]''' <br>''[[Blyth services]]''
|}
----
===Alconbury to Peterborough===
{{UK motorway routebox|
| motorway= A1(M)
| length-mi= 14.0
| length-km= 22.5
| direction= North - South
| start= [[Alconbury]]
| destinations=
| end= [[Peterborough]]
| opening-date= 1998
| completion-date=Complete Route
| junctions= none
| euroroute= {{European route number small sign|15}}
}}
This section opened in 1998.
====Junctions====
{| border=1 cellpadding=2 style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- align="center" bgcolor="0080d0" style="color: white;font-size:120%;"
| colspan="3" | '''A1(M) Motorway'''
|- align="center" bgcolor="000000" style="color: white"
| Northbound exits
| Junction
| Southbound exits
|- align="center"
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to Newark''
| rowspan="2"|J17<br>''[[Peterborough services]]''
| Peterborough '''[[A1139 road|A1139]]''' <br>''Non-motorway traffic''
|- align="center"
| Peterborough '''A1139'''
| ''Start of Motorway''
|- align="center"
| [[Yaxley, Cambridgeshire|Yaxley]], [[Stilton]] '''[[A15 road|A15]]'''
| J16
| Yaxley, Stilton '''A15'''
|- align="center"
| [[Sawtry]] '''[[List of B roads in Great Britain|B1043]]'''
| J15
| Sawtry '''B1043'''
|- align="center"
| ''No exit''
| J14
| [[Alconbury]], [[Huntingdon]], [[Cambridge]], [[Felixstowe]] '''[[A14 road|A14]]''' ('''[[M11 motorway|M11]]''')
London [[City of London|THE CITY]] and EAST
|- align="center"
| ''Start of Motorway''
| rowspan="2"|J14
| ''No exit''
|- align="center"
| Alconbury<br>''Non-motorway traffic''
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to Sandy''
|}
----
===M25 to Stotfold===
{{UK motorway routebox|
| motorway= A1(M)
| length-mi= 23
| length-km= 37
| direction= North - South
| start= [[South Mimms]]
| destinations= [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]]<br>[[Welwyn Garden City]]<br>[[Stevenage]]
| end= [[Stotfold]]
| opening-date= 1962
| completion-date=1986
| junctions= 1 - [[Image:UK motorway M25.PNG|50px]] <br>[[M25 motorway]]
| euroroute= {{European route number small sign|15}}
}}
[[Image:111467 6852a85d.jpg|thumb|215px|right|Looking southwards from junction 2.]]
This section opened in stages:
*Junctions 1 to 2 opened in 1979
*Junctions 2 to 4 opened in 1986
*Junctions 4 to 6 opened in 1973
*Junctions 6 to 8 opened in 1962
*Junctions 8 to 10 opened in 1967
====Junctions====
{| border=1 cellpadding=2 style="margin-left:1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|- align="center" bgcolor="0080d0" style="color: white;font-size:120%;"
| colspan="3" | '''A1(M) Motorway'''
|- align="center" bgcolor="000000" style="color: white"
| Northbound exits
| Junction
| Southbound exits
|- align="center"
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to [[Sandy, Bedfordshire|Sandy]]''
| rowspan="2"|J10<br>''[[Baldock services]]''
| [[Stotfold]], [[Henlow]] '''[[A507 road|A507]]''' <br>''Non-motorway traffic''
|- align="center"
| [[Stotfold]], [[Henlow]] '''[[A507 road|A507]]'''
| ''Start of Motorway''
|- align="center"
| [[Letchworth]], [[Baldock]] '''[[A6141 road|A6141]]'''
| J9
| [[Letchworth]], [[Baldock]], [[Hitchin]] '''A6141'''
|- align="center"
| [[Hitchin]], [[Stevenage]] '''[[A602 road|A602]]'''
| J8
| [[Stevenage]] '''A602'''
|- align="center"
| [[Stevenage]], [[Ware]] '''A602'''
| J7
| [[Stevenage]], [[Ware]] '''A602'''
|- align="center"
| [[Welwyn]], [[Welwyn Garden City]] '''[[A1000 road|A1000]]'''
| J6
| [[Welwyn]], [[Welwyn Garden City]] '''A1000'''
|- align="center"
| ''No exit''
| J5
| ''No exit''
|- align="center"
| [[Welwyn Garden City]], [[Hertford]] '''[[A414 road|A414]]'''
| J4
| [[Welwyn Garden City]], [[Hertford]] '''A414'''
|- align="center"
| colspan="3" | ''Hatfield Tunnel''
|- align="center"
| [[St Albans]] '''A414'''
| J3
| [[St Albans]] '''A414''' <br>[[Potters Bar]] '''[[A1001 road|A1001]]'''
|- align="center"
| [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]] '''A1001'''
| J2
| ''No exit''
|- align="center"
| ''Start of motorway''
| rowspan="2"|J1
| [[Dartford]] ('''[[M1 motorway|M11]]''', '''[[M20 motorway|M20]]''')<br> [[Heathrow]] ('''[[M1 motorway|M1]]''', '''[[M40 motorway|M40]]''', '''[[M4 motorway|M4]]''') '''M25''' <br>[[Barnet]] '''[[A1081 road|A1081]]'''<br>''[[South Mimms services]]''
|- align="center"
| Dartford ('''M11''', '''M20''')<br> Heathrow ('''M1''', '''M40''', '''M4''') '''M25''' <br>Barnet '''A1081'''<br>''[[South Mimms services]]''<br>''Non-motorway traffic''
| ''Road continues as '''A1''' to [[Central London]]''
|}
==Popular culture==
* Part of the [[J.B. Priestley]] novel ''[[The Good Companions]]'' features the Great North Road, a representation to the northerner Jess Oakroyd as the gateway to such exotic destinations as [[Nottingham]].
* The [[Lord Peter Wimsey]] short story "The Fantastic Horror of the Cat in the Bag" by [[Dorothy L. Sayers]] features a motorcycle chase along the Great North Road.
* Near the southern end are signs saying "[[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]] and the North". These signs gave their name to 70s rock band [[Hatfield and the North]].
* The A1 is mentioned in The Long Blondes' song "Separated By Motorways", along with the A14.
* The A1(M) is mentioned in the song "Gabadon" by [[Sheffield]] band [[Haze (band)|Haze]].
* The 'Great North Road' is mentioned in [[Mark Knopfler]]'s song "5:15 AM", from the album ''[[Shangri-La (Knopfler album)|Shangri La]]''.
==See also==
* [[Brampton Hut|Brampton Hut junction]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Refimprove|date=January 2008}}
==External links==
* [http://www.cbrd.co.uk/motorway/a1m/ CBRD Motorway Database - A1(M)]
* [http://www.biffvernon.freeserve.co.uk/contents.htm BiffVernon: A1-The Great North Road]
* [http://www.sabre-roads.org.uk/roadlists/f99/1.shtml Society for All British Road Enthusiasts entry for the A1]
*[http://www.road-to-nowhere.co.uk/route-guides/A1/ Road to Nowhere: A1]
*The Motorway Archive (A1(M))
**[http://www.iht.org/motorway/a1meast.htm Junctions 1 to 10 & 13 to 17]
**[http://www.iht.org/motorway/a1mdoncaster.htm Junctions 34 to 38]
**[http://www.iht.org/motorway/a1mwaldish.htm Junctions 47 to 49]
**[http://www.iht.org/motorway/a1durdarl.htm Junctions 56 to 59]
**[http://www.iht.org/motorway/a1durdur.htm Junctions 59 to 63]
**[http://www.iht.org/motorway/a1durbbp.htm Junctions 63 to 65]
* [http://pathetic.org.uk/lost/a1m_central_motorway_east/ Pathetic Motorways: A1(M) Central Motorway East]
{{UK motorways}}
{{UK primary routes 1}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1-0001}}
[[Category:Motorways in England]]
[[Category:Roads in England]]
[[Category:Roads in Scotland]]
[[Category:Streets in the City of London]]
[[Category:Streets in Barnet]]
[[Category:Streets in Islington]]
[[Category:Transport in Barnet]]
[[Category:Transport in Islington]]
[[Category:Transport in Bedfordshire]]
[[Category:Transport in East Lothian]]
[[Category:Transport in Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Transport in Hertfordshire]]
[[Category:Transport in Lincolnshire]]
[[Category:Transport in Northumberland]]
[[Category:Transport in Nottinghamshire]]
[[Category:Transport in the Scottish Borders]]
[[Category:Transport in Tyne and Wear]]
[[Category:Roads in Yorkshire]]
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