AMD Am2900
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robot Adding: [[es:Am2901]]
[[Image:AMD-AM2901DC.png|thumb|'''AMD Am2901''' - 4-Bit-Slice ALU]]
'''Am2900''' is a family of [[integrated circuit]]s (ICs) created in [[1975]] by [[Advanced Micro Devices]] (AMD). They were constructed with [[bipolar junction transistor|bipolar]] devices, in a [[Bit slicing|bit-slice]] topology, and were designed to be used as modular components each representing a different aspect of a computer control unit (CCU). By using a [[bit slicing]] technique, Am2900 family was able to implement a CCU with data, addresses, and instructions to be any multiple of 4-bits by multiplying the number of ICs. One major problem with this modular technique was it required a larger amount of ICs to implement what could be done on a single CPU IC. The [[Am2900#Am2901|Am2901]] chip was the [[arithmetic-logic unit]] (ALU), and the "core" of the series. It could count using 4 bits and implement binary operations as well as various [[bitwise operation#bit shift|bit-shifting]] operations.<br />
== Computers made with Am2900-family chips ==
There are probably many more, but here are some known machines using these parts:
* [[Data General Nova]] 4, which obtained 16-bit word width using four Am2901 [[Arithmetic logic unit|ALU]]s in parallel; one of the boards has 15 Am2901 ALUs on it [http://www.wps.com/NOVA4/pitchas.html].
* The Xerox Dandelion, the machine used in the [[Xerox Star]] and Xerox 1108 [[Lisp machine]] [http://toastytech.com/guis/star.html].
* The [[GEC]] 4060 and 4090 [http://www.cucumber.demon.co.uk/geccl/4000series/processors.html]
* The [[Digital Equipment Corporation|DEC]] KS10 [[PDP-10]] model [http://kmi9000.tripod.com/kmi_comp.htm]
* The [[UCSD Pascal]] P-machine processor designed at NCR by [[Joel McCormack]]
* The [[Tektronix 4052]] graphics system computer
* The [[SM-1420]], Soviet clone of PDP-11, used Soviet clone of AM2901 <ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Semenenko|1993|p=124}}</ref>
"Legend holds that some Soviet clones of the PDP-11 were assembled from Soviet clones of the Am2901" [http://www.microprocessor.sscc.ru/great/s1.html#2901].
== Members of the Am2900 family ==
[[Image:AMD-AM2903DC-AM2903ADCB.png|thumb|'''AMD Am2903''' - 4-Bit-Slice ALU]]
[[Image:AMD-AM2909DC.png|thumb|'''AMD Am2909''' - 4-Bit-Slice Address Sequencer]]
<!-- Acquired from List_of_amd_processors and Am2900 Family Data Book -->
*Am2901 – 4-bit-slice [[Arithmetic logic unit|ALU]] (1975)
*Am2902 – Look-Ahead Carry Generator
*Am2903 – 4-bit-slice ALU, with [[multiplication ALU|hardware multiply]]
*Am2904 – Status and Shift Control Unit
*Am2905 – Bus Transceiver
*Am2906 – Bus Transceiver with [[Parity bit|Parity]]
*Am2907 – Bus Transceiver with [[Parity bit|Parity]]
*Am2908 – Bus Transceiver with [[Parity bit|Parity]]
*Am2909 – 4-bit-slice address sequencer
*Am2910 – 12-bit address sequencer
*Am2911 – 4-bit-slice address sequencer
*Am2912 – Bus Transceiver
*Am2913 – Priority [[Hardware interrupt|Interrupt]] Expander
*Am2914 – Priority [[Hardware interrupt|Interrupt]] Controller
*Am2915 – Quad 3-State Bus Transceiver
*Am2916 – Quad 3-State Bus Transceiver
*Am2917 – Quad 3-State Bus Transceiver
*Am2918 – [[Instruction register|Instruction Register]], Quad D Register
*Am2919 – [[Instruction register|Instruction Register]], Quad Register
*Am2920 – Octal [[Flip-flop (electronics)#D flip-flop|D-Type Flip-Flop]]
*Am2921 – 1-to-8 [[Decoder]]
*Am2922 – 8-Input [[Multiplexer]] (MUX)
*Am2923 – 8-Input [[Multiplexer|MUX]]
*Am2924 – 3-Line to 8-Line [[Decoder]]
*Am2925 – [[Clock signal|System Clock]] Generator and Driver
*Am2926 – [[Schottky]] 3-State Quad Bus Driver
*Am2927/Am2928 – Quad 3-State Bus Transceiver
*Am2929 – [[Schottky]] 3-State Quad Bus Driver
*Am2930 – Main Memory Program Control
*Am2932 – Main Memory Program Control
*Am2940 – [[Direct Memory Access|Direct Memory Addressing (DMA)]] Generator
*Am2942 – Programmable Timer/[[Counter#Counters in electronics|Counter]]/[[Direct Memory Access|DMA]] Generator
*Am2946/Am2947 – Octal 3-State Bidirectional Bus Transceiver
*Am2948/Am2949 – Octal 3-State Bidirectional Bus Transceiver
*Am2950/Am2951 – 8-bit Bidirectional I/O Ports
*Am2954/Am2955 – Octal Registers
*Am2956/Am2957 – Octal Latches
*Am2958/Am2959 – Octal [[Buffer amplifier|Buffers]]/Line Drivers/Line Receivers
*Am2960 – Cascadable 16-Bit Error Detection and Correction Unit
*Am2961/Am2962 – 4-Bit Error Correction Multiple Buss Buffers
*Am2964 – Dynamic Memory Controller
*Am2965/Am2966 – Octal Dynamic Memory Driver, [[media:AMD AM2966PC gray.jpg|Image]]
== See also ==
*[[AMD]]
*[[List of AMD Am2900 and Am29000 families]]
*[[List of AMD microprocessors]]
*[[Bit slicing]]
== References==
{{reflist}}
*{{harvard reference |
| coauthors = В.А. Семененко, Ю.В. Ступин
| title = Справочник по электронной вычислительной технике
| year = 1993
| isbn = 5217020903
}}
*[[:de:Am2900]] German Wiki, Am2900 Accessed 12 Nov, 2005.
* [http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/amd/_dataBooks/1979_AMD_2900family.pdf Am2900 Family Data Book] - Accessed 12 Nov, 2005.
== External links ==
*[http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/amd/_dataBooks/1979_AMD_2900family.pdf The Am2900 Family Data Book] Bitsavers' PDF Document Archive (30MB)
*[http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/amd/ED2900A_vol1_Jan85.pdf Introduction to Designing with the Am2900 Family of Microprogramable Bipolar Devices Vol 1] Bitsavers' PDF Document Archive
*[http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/amd/ED2900A_vol2_Jan85.pdf Introduction to Designing with the Am2900 Family of Microprogramable Bipolar Devices Vol 2] Bitsavers' PDF Document Archive
*[http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/amd/_dataBooks/1988_29C3xx_Series.pdf Am29C300/29300 Data Book] Bitsavers' PDF document archive
* [http://www.cpu-world.com/CPUs/2901/ CPU-World] photos of 2900 Family ICs
* [http://www10.dacafe.com/book/parse_book.php?article=BITSLICE/bitslcP.html Bit-Slice Design: micro-controllers and ALUs. an Introduction to the Am2900 Family]
*[http://research.microsoft.com/users/gbell/Computer_Structures_Principles_and_Examples/csp0184.htm Bit-Sliced Microprocessor of the Am2900 Family]
{{AMD processors}}
[[Category:Advanced Micro Devices microprocessors|Am2900]]
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