Acacia senegal
2158434
220594233
2008-06-20T16:46:23Z
Thijs!bot
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robot Adding: [[ro:Acacia senegal]]
{{Taxobox
| name = Gum Arabic Tree
| image = Koeh-004.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Fabales]]
| familia = [[Fabaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Mimosoideae]]
| genus = ''[[Acacia]]''
| species = '''''A. senegal'''''
| binomial = ''Acacia senegal''
| binomial_authority = (([[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Carl Ludwig Willdenow|Willd.]])
}}
'''''{{lang|la|Acacia senegal}}''''' is a small deciduous [[acacia]] tree known by the common names '''Rudraksha''', '''Gum Acacia''', '''Gum Arabic Tree''', or '''Gum Senegal Tree'''. It is native to semi-desert regions of [[Sub-Saharan Africa]], as well as [[Oman]], [[Pakistan]], and northwestern [[India]]. It grows to a height of 5-12m, with a trunk up to 30cm in diameter.<ref>[http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/SEA/Products/AFDbases/AF/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=108 World Agroforestry Centre]</ref>
== Identification ==
* Refer to the monograph of 4th edition of the [[European Pharmacopoeia]] [0307]
== Storage ==
Protected from light
== Uses ==
=== Forage ===
New foliage is very useful as [[Fodder|forage]].<ref name="purdue">[http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Acacia_senegal.html Purdue University]</ref>
=== Food ===
Dried seeds are used as [[food]] by humans.<ref name="purdue">.</ref>
=== Gum arabic ===
It produces [[gum arabic]], which is used as a [[food additive]], in crafts, and as a [[cosmetic]]. The gum is drained from cuts in the bark, and an individual tree will yield 200 to 300 grams. Seventy percent of the world's gum arabic is produced in [[Sudan]].
[[Image:Acacia senegal Taub68.png|thumb|left|350px|'''''Acacia senegal''''']]
=== Medicinal uses ===
The gum is used for soothing [[mucous membranes]] of the intestine and to treat inflammed [[skin]]. It is also reportedly used as for its [[astringent]] properties, to treat [[bleeding]], [[bronchitis]], [[diarrhea]], [[gonorrhea]], [[leprosy]], [[typhoid fever]] and [[upper respiratory tract]] infections.<ref name="purdue">.</ref>
=== Rope ===
[[Root]]s near the surface of the ground are quite useful in making all kinds of very strong [[rope]]s and cords. The tree bark is also used to make rope<ref name="purdue">.</ref>
=== Wood ===
Handles for tools, parts for weaving looms.<ref name="purdue">.</ref>
==Botanical variations==
*[[Acacia senegal var. leiorhachis|''Acacia senegal'' var. ''leiorhachis'']] Brenan<ref name="fao">[http://www.fao.org/docrep/V5360E/v5360e0n.htm FAO]</ref>
*[[Acacia senegal var. rostrata|''Acacia senegal'' var. ''rostrata'']] Brenan<ref name="fao">.</ref>
*[[Acacia senegal var. senegal|''Acacia senegal'' var. ''senegal'']]<ref name="fao">.</ref>
==References==
=== Notes ===
<References/>
=== General references ===
Van Wyk, Ben-Erik (2005). ''Food Plants of the World''. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 0-88192-743-0
{{wikispecies|Acacia senegal}}
== External links ==
[http://images.google.com/images?svnum=10&um=1&hl=en&ie=ISO-8859-1&oe=ISO-8859-1&gbv=1&q=%22Acacia+senegal%22+&btnG=Search+Images ''Acacia senegal'' Photos (Google Images)]
[[Category:Acacia|Senegal, Acacia]]
[[Category:Flora of Asia]]
[[Category:Flora of Africa]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Entheogens]]
{{tree-stub}}
[[ca:Acacia senegal]]
[[da:Gummi-Akacie]]
[[de:Verek-Akazie]]
[[et:Kummiakaatsia]]
[[fr:Acacia Sénégal]]
[[ro:Acacia senegal]]
[[tr:Arap zamkı]]