Actinidia 67455 218775862 2008-06-12T03:01:37Z IceCreamAntisocial 346507 refine cat {{Taxobox | name = ''Actinidia'' | image = Actinidia-kolomikta.JPG | image_width = 240px | image_caption = Arctic Beauty (''Actinidia kolomikta'') | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Ericales]] | familia = [[Actinidiaceae]] | genus = '''''Actinidia''''' | genus_authority = [[John Lindley|Lindl.]] | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text }} '''''Actinidia''''' is a genus of [[woody plant]]s native to temperate eastern [[Asia]], occurring throughout most of [[China]], [[Taiwan]], [[Korea]] and [[Japan]], and extending north to southeast [[Siberia]] and south into [[Indochina]]. The genus includes [[shrub]]s growing to 6 m tall, and vigorous, strong-growing [[vine]]s, growing up to 30 m in [[tree]] canopies. The [[leaf|leaves]] are alternate, simple, with a dentate margin and a long [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]]. The [[flower]]s are solitary or in axillary [[cyme]]s, usually white, with five small [[petal]]s. Most of the species are [[plant sexuality|dioecious]] with separate male and female plants, but some are [[plant sexuality|monoecious]]. The [[fruit]] is a large [[berry]] containing numerous small [[seed]]s; in most species the fruit is edible. == Species == There are about 40–60 [[species]] of ''Actinidia'': {| |- valign=top | *''[[Actinidia arguta]]'' ('''Kokuwa''', '''Tara Vine''', or '''[[Hardy Kiwi]]''') *''[[Actinidia arisanensis]]'' *''[[Actinidia callosa]]'' *''[[Actinidia carnosifolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia chengkouensis]]'' *''[[Actinidia chinensis]]'' *''[[Actinidia chrysantha]]'' *''[[Actinidia cinerascens]]'' *''[[Actinidia cordifolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia coriacea]]'' *''[[Actinidia cylindrica]]'' *''[[Actinidia deliciosa]]'' ('''Kiwifruit''', '''Yangtao''' or '''Chinese gooseberry''') *''[[Actinidia eriantha]]'' *''[[Actinidia farinosa]]'' *''[[Actinidia fasciculoides]]'' *''[[Actinidia fortunatii]]'' *''[[Actinidia fulvicoma]]'' *''[[Actinidia glauco-callosa]]'' *''[[Actinidia glaucophylla]]'' *''[[Actinidia globosa]]'' *''[[Actinidia gracilis]]'' *''[[Actinidia grandiflora]]'' *''[[Actinidia hemsleyana]]'' *''[[Actinidia henryi]]'' *''[[Actinidia holotricha]]'' *''[[Actinidia indochinensis]]'' *''[[Actinidia kolomikta]]'' ('''Kolomikta''' or '''Arctic Beauty''') *''[[Actinidia laevissima]]'' | *''[[Actinidia lanceolata]]'' *''[[Actinidia latifolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia leptophylla]]'' *''[[Actinidia liangguangensis]]'' *''[[Actinidia macrosperma]]'' *''[[Actinidia maloides]]'' *''[[Actinidia melanandra]]'' *''[[Actinidia melliana]]'' *''[[Actinidia obovata]]'' *''[[Actinidia pilosula]]'' *''[[Actinidia polygama]]'' ('''Silver Vine''') <!-- Fruit small, 2-2.5 cm diameter, yellow. --> *''[[Actinidia purpurea]]'' <!-- Fruit similar to ''A. arguta'' but red-fleshed. --> *''[[Actinidia rubricaulis]]'' *''[[Actinidia rubus]]'' *''[[Actinidia rudis]]'' *''[[Actinidia rufotricha]]'' *''[[Actinidia sabiaefolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia sorbifolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia stellato-pilosa]]'' *''[[Actinidia styracifolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia suberifolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia tetramera]]'' *''[[Actinidia trichogyna]]'' *''[[Actinidia ulmifolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia umbelloides]]'' *''[[Actinidia valvata]]'' *''[[Actinidia vitifolia]]'' *''[[Actinidia venosa]]'' |} == Uses == For the edible fruit, see [[Kiwifruit]], which is a [[Cultivar Group]] of ''[[Actinidia deliciosa]]'', and [[Hardy Kiwi]], of the species ''[[Actinidia arguta]]''. Some species are grown as [[ornamental plant]]s, notably ''A. kolomikta''. ''[[Actinidia arguta]]'' has small fruit 10–15 g, with green edible skins and green flesh; hardier than ''A. deliciosa''. In Japan, ''Actinidia polygama'' (silver vine) is commonly known as "matatabi" ([[:ja:またたび|またたび]]) and noted for having an effect on cats much like that of [[catnip]]. It is mentioned in the saying 猫にまたたび、女郎に小判 (''neko ni matatabi, jorō ni koban'', "Silver vine to a cat, a coin to a prostitute"), meaning to put someone in a good mood by providing that which they most desire. ''[[Actinidia kolomikta]]'' is the hardiest species (to about -40°C), and has distinctive white- and pink-[[variegation|variegated]] foliage even on wild plants, an unusual phenomenon. Its fruit is very small, 8 g or smaller. == External link == {{wikispecies}} * [http://www.alpine-plants-jp.com/himitunohanazono/miyamamatatabi_himitu_1.htm Images : Actinidia kolomikta (Maxim. et Rupr.) Maxim.] - Flavon's Secret Flower Garden {{Commonscat|Actinidia}} [[Category:Actinidia|*]] [[bg:Актинидия]] [[ca:Actinídia]] [[cs:Aktinidie]] [[da:Kiwi-slægten]] [[de:Strahlengriffel]] [[es:Actinidia]] [[fr:Actinidia]] [[ko:다래나무속]] [[hsb:Kiwijowc]] [[it:Actinidia chinensis]] [[ka:აქტინიდია]] [[nl:Actinidia]] [[ja:マタタビ属]] [[oc:Actinidia sinensis]] [[pl:Aktinidia]] [[pt:Actinidia]] [[ru:Актинидия]] [[fi:Laikkuköynnökset]] [[sv:Aktinidiasläktet]] [[uk:Актинідія]] [[zh:獼猴桃屬]]