Adipokine 1431339 216801735 2008-06-03T08:16:11Z JAnDbot 1725149 robot Modifying: [[cs:Adipokin]] {{Mergeto|Adipose tissue|date=September 2007}} The '''adipokines''' or '''adipocytokines''' are a group of [[cytokine]]s ([[cell (biology)|cell]]-to-cell signalling [[protein]]s) secreted by [[adipose tissue]]. Members include: * [[chemerin]]<ref>MacDougald1, Ormond A. and Burant, Charles F. (September 2007) "The Rapidly Expanding Family of Adipokines" ''Cell Metabolism'' 6: pp. 159-161</ref> * [[interleukin-6]] (IL-6)<ref>Monzillo, Lais U. (2003) "Effect of Lifestyle Modification on Adipokine Levels in Obese Subjects with Insulin Resistance" ''Obesity Research'' 11(9): pp. 1048-1054</ref> * [[plasminogen activator inhibitor-1]] (PAI-1) * [[Retinol binding protein|retinol binding protein 4]] (RBP4) * [[tumor necrosis factor-alpha]] (TNFα) * [[visfatin]] [[adiponectin]], [[leptin]] (''Ob'' ligand), and [[resistin]] are not adipokines (cytokines) as they do not act on the immune system. These substances produced by adipocytes are hormones. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine). The definition of an adipokine is a cytokine produced by an adipocyte. A [[cytokine]] is a immunomodulating agent. Often in literature, proteins such as [[adiponectin]], [[leptin]], [[resistin]] are referred to as adipokines, however they can be more accurately put into the larger, growing list of [[adipose derived hormones]]. Their relative roles in modifying [[appetite]], [[insulin resistance]] and [[atherosclerosis]] are the subjects of intense research, as they may be modifiable causes of morbidity in people with [[obesity]].<ref>Matsuzawa, Yuji; Funahashi, Tohru and Nakamura, Tadashi (1999) "Molecular Mechanism of Metabolic Syndrome X: Contribution of Adipocytokines - Adipocyte-derived Bioactive Substances" ''Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences'' 892: pp. 146-54 [http://www.annalsnyas.org/cgi/content/abstract/892/1/146 Abstract]</ref><ref>Funahashi, T. ''et al.'' (1999) "Role of adipocytokines on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in visceral obesity" ''Internal Medicine'' (Japan) 38: pp. 202-206 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10225688&dopt=AbstractPlus Abstract]</ref> ==Notes== <!--<nowiki> See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the <ref> and </ref> tags. </nowiki>--> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <references /> </div> [[Category:Cytokines]] {{Cell-biology-stub}} [[cs:Adipokin]]