Adrenal insufficiency
548913
224786556
2008-07-10T12:17:39Z
Arcadian
104523
refs, defs
{{Infobox_Disease |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Image = |
Caption = |
DiseasesDB = |
ICD10 = {{ICD10|E|27|1|e|20}}-{{ICD10|E|27|4|e|20}} |
ICD9 = {{ICD9|255.4}} |
ICDO = |
OMIM = |
MedlinePlus = |
eMedicineSubj = emerg |
eMedicineTopic = 16 |
MeshID = D000309 |
}}
In [[medicine]], '''adrenal insufficiency''' (or "hypocortisolism") is the inability of the [[adrenal gland]] to produce needed products,<ref name="urlJAMA -- Adrenal Insufficiency, November 16, 2005, Brender et al. 294 (19): 2528">{{cite web |url=http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/294/19/2528 |title=JAMA -- Adrenal Insufficiency, November 16, 2005, Brender et al. 294 (19): 2528 |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlDorlands Medical Dictionary:adrenal insufficiency">{{cite web |url=http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/four/000053970.htm |title=Dorlands Medical Dictionary:adrenal insufficiency |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> primarily [[corticosteroid]]s.<ref>{{MeshName|Adrenal+Insufficiency}}</ref>
Although the lack of production is directly associated with the adrenal, the root cause may be elsewhere. For example, secondary adrenal insufficiency can be associated with a lack of production of [[ACTH]] in the [[pituitary]].<ref name="urlSecondary Adrenal Insufficiency: Adrenal Disorders: Merck Manual Professional">{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec12/ch153/ch153c.html |title=Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: Adrenal Disorders: Merck Manual Professional |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
==Causes==
Causes can include:
* '''Acute adrenal insufficiency'''
** [[Addison's disease]] ([[autoimmune]] adrenalitis)
** [[Septic shock]]
** [[Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome]]
** [[Addison's disease#Addisonian crisis|Addisonian crisis]] in case of:
*** Discontinuing [[corticosteroid]] therapy without tapering the dosage
*** Surgery, illness or any other form of stress in patients with long-term [[corticosteroid]] therapy
* '''Chronic adrenal insufficiency'''
** [[Addison's disease]]
** [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia|Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia]]
** [[antiphospholipid syndrome]]
** [[haemochromatosis]]
==See also==
*[[Cushing's syndrome]]
*[[Insulin tolerance test]]
*[[ACTH stimulation test]]
*[[Hypoadrenia]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.hmc.psu.edu/healthinfo/a/adrenalinsufficiency.htm Penn State]
* [http://congenitaladrenalhyperplasia.org CongenitalAdrenalHyperplasia.org]
{{Endocrine pathology}}
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
{{med-sign-stub}}
[[es:Insuficiencia adrenal]]
[[fr:Insuffisance surrénalienne]]
[[he:היפואדרנליזם]]