Aerial photography 326279 225727868 2008-07-15T02:58:18Z Ww2censor 631250 Reverted 2 edits by [[Special:Contributions/70.166.83.45|70.166.83.45]]; Remove linkspam to commercial photo web site. ([[WP:TW|TW]]) {{Original research|date=September 2007}} {{Globalize|date=September 2007}} [[Image:royal.crescent.aerial.bath.arp.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] terrace of [[Royal Crescent]] ([[Bath, Somerset|Bath]], [[England]]) from a [[hot air balloon]]]] '''Aerial photography''' is the taking of [[photograph]]s of the ground from an elevated position. The term usually refers to images in which the camera is not supported by a ground-based structure. Cameras may be hand held or mounted, and photographs may be taken by a photographer, triggered remotely or triggered automatically. Platforms for aerial photography include fixed-wing [[aircraft]], [[helicopter]]s, [[Balloon (aircraft)|balloons]], [[blimp]]s and [[dirigible]]s, [[rocket]]s, [[Kite aerial photography|kites]], poles and [[parachuting|parachutes]]. ==History== Aerial photography was first practiced by the French photographer and balloonist [[Nadar (photographer)|Nadar]] in [[1858]] over [[Paris, France]]. <ref>[http://www.papainternational.org/history.html History of Aerial Photography] Professional Aerial Photographers Association (retrieved December 21 2007)</ref>The use of aerial photography for military purposes was expanded during [[World War I]] by aviators such as [[Fred Zinn]]. ==Uses of imagery== [[Image:Balloonreflection.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Reflection of a [[hot air balloon]], partially obscured by a jetty, an example of low altitude aerial photography]] Aerial photography is used in [[cartography]] (particularly in [[photogrammetry|photogrammetric]] [[surveying|surveys]], which are often the basis for [[topographic maps]]), land-use planning, [[Aerial archaeology|archaeology]], [[movie production]], [[natural environment|environmental]] studies, [[surveillance]], commercial [[advertising]], [[conveyancing]], and artistic projects. In the United States, aerial photographs are used in many [[Phase I Environmental Site Assessment]]s for property analysis. Aerial photos are often processed by a [[Geographic information system|GIS]] system. Advances in [[radio controlled model]]s has made it possible for [[model aircraft]] to conduct low-altitude aerial photography. This has benefited [[real-estate]] advertising, where commercial and residential properties are the photographic subject. Full-size, manned aircraft are prohibited from low flyovers of populated locations{{cn | date=December 2007}}. Small scale model aircraft offer increased photographic access to these previously restricted areas. Miniature vehicles do not replace full size aircraft, as full size aircraft are capable of longer flight times, higher altitudes, and greater equipment payloads. Because anything capable of being viewed from a public space is considered outside the realm of [[privacy]] in the [[United States]]<ref>''[[California v. Ciraolo]]'', 476 U.S. 206 (1986)</ref>, aerial photography may legally document features and occurrences on private property. ==Challenges== Aerial photography includes challenges not present in non-aerial photography. Some of these include: * '''[[Perspective correction]]''' &ndash; Aerial photographs are often taken at an angle to the object being photographed. This means that the perspective of the photograph will be incorrect with near objects larger than far away objects. Perspective correction distorts the image so that equal sized objects in the real world have equal size in the photograph. See [[orthophoto]]. * '''Registration''' &ndash; Aerial photographs usually are mapped to the real world objects (streets, buildings, etc) being photographed. For example, an aerial photograph may be converted into a series of lines based on the roads contained in the photograph. * '''[[Image stitching|Stitching]]''' &ndash; To create an aerial photograph of a large area, multiple photographs must be taken. Stitching is joining those photographs together so that they form a single large photograph. This process creates "seamless" imagery. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==See also== * [[Aerial archaeology]] * [[Aerial landscape art]] * [[Airborne Real-time Cueing Hyperspectral Enhanced Reconnaissance]] * [[Aviation photography]] * [[Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton]] 1932 photo flight over [[Mount Everest]] * [[Fairchild K-20]] An early aerial camera * [[Kite aerial photography]] * [[National Monuments Record]] the public archive of English Heritage, who hold one of the largest collections of aerial photographs of England * [[Astrocam]] * [[Oracle (rocket)|Oracle]] model photographic rocket * [[Pictometry]] * [[Photogrammetry]] * [[Remote sensing]] * [[Satellite imagery]] * [[Unmanned aerial vehicle]] * [[ViewGL]] ==External links== {{wiktionarypar|aerial photography}} <!-- PLEASE DO NOT ADD ANY EXTERNAL LINKS THAT ARE FOR COMMERCIAL WEBSITES AS THEY WILL BE REMOVED ACCORDING TO WIKIPEDIA GUIDELINES. --> * [http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/remote/remote_f.html Aerial photography and remote sensing] * [http://airphotos.nrcan.gc.ca/photos101/photos101_info_e.php Air photo interpretation] * [http://www.rchelisite.com/using_rc_helicopters_for_aerial_photography_and_videography.php Using RC Helicopters For Aerial Photography] * [http://www.hagley.org/library/exhibits/dallinexhibit/ Bird's eye view of the Delaware Valley] Exhibit about the Dallin Aerial Survey Company (1924-1941) * [http://www.sc.edu/library/digital/collections/aerials/scaerialscolahome.html Historic aerial photos of Columbia, South Carolina] from the University of South Carolina Library * [http://www.airphoto.gr/free_aerial_photos.html Aerial photos] of Greece * [http://www.papainternational.org/ PAPA] Professional Aerial Photographers Association * [http://rcapa.net/ RCAPA] Remote Control Aerial Photography Association * [http://aerial-ny.library.cornell.edu/ny/ Historical Aerial Photographs of New York ], Cornell University Library & Cornell Institute for Resource Information Sciences {{photography subject}} [[Category:Photography by genre]] [[Category:Cartography]] [[Category:Aviation]] [[ar:تصوير جوي]] [[da:Luftfoto]] [[de:Luftbildfotografie]] [[et:Aerofoto]] [[es:Fotografía#Aplicaciones_cient.C3.ADficas]] [[fr:Photographie aérienne]] [[it:Fotografia aerea]] [[he:צילום אוויר]] [[nl:Luchtfotografie]] [[ja:空中写真]] [[nn:Flyfotografi]] [[pl:Aerofotografia]] [[pt:Aerofotografia]] [[ru:Аэрофотосъёмка]] [[sd:فضائي تصويرنگاري]] [[sk:Vzdušná fotografia]] [[sr:Аероснимање]] [[sv:Flygfotografi]] [[uk:Аерозйомка]] [[bat-smg:Aerapuortegrapėjė]] [[zh:空中攝影]]