Air Canada
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2008-07-15T20:48:39Z
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/* Route changes */
{{Infobox Airline
|airline = Air Canada
|image = Air Canada Logo.svg
|image_size = 200
|IATA = AC
|ICAO = ACA
|callsign = AIR CANADA
|founded = August 11, 1936 <ref> [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/history.html| Air Canada History] </ref>
|ceased =
|hubs =
<div>
*[[Toronto Pearson International Airport]]
*[[Vancouver International Airport]]
*[[Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport|Montréal-Trudeau International Airport]]
*[[Calgary International Airport]]<ref>Hub Cities: Air Canada.com [http://www.aircanada.com/en/about/investor/documents/2006_AIF.pdf]</ref>
</div>
|frequent_flyer = [[Aeroplan]]
|lounge = [[Air Canada#Maple Leaf Lounge|Maple Leaf Lounge]]
|alliance = [[Star Alliance]]
|subsidiaries =
|fleet_size = 344 (+44 orders)
|destinations = 163
|parent = [[ACE Aviation Holdings|ACE Aviation Holdings Inc.]]
|company_slogan = The freedom to fly your own way.
|headquarters = [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]
|key_people = * [[David Richardson]] ([[Chairman]])<br />* [[Montie Brewer]] ([[President]] & [[CEO]])
|website = [http://www.aircanada.com/ www.aircanada.com]
}}
'''Air Canada''' ({{tsx|AC.A}}, {{tsx|AC.B}}) is [[Canada]]'s largest [[airline]] and [[flag carrier]]. The airline, founded in 1937, has had its corporate headquarters in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]], since it moved from [[Winnipeg]], [[Manitoba]], in 1949. Air Canada provides scheduled and charter air transportation for passengers and cargo to 163 destinations, with its largest hub at [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]]; it also provides vacation packages to over 90 destinations via Air Canada Vacations. The company is the world's 11th largest passenger airline [[List of world's largest airlines by fleet|by fleet size]]. The airline's parent company is [[ACE Aviation Holdings]]. Air Canada is a founding member of [[Star Alliance]], an alliance of 20 member airlines formed in 1997. In 2006, 34 million people flew with the airline. The following year, Air Canada celebrated its 70th anniversary.
==History==
===Trans-Canada Airlines===
[[Image:L-10A Electra at WCAM.JPG|right|thumb|L-10A '''Electra''' "CF-TCC" in [[Trans-Canada Air Lines]] livery at the [[Western Canada Aviation Museum]].]]
Air Canada's predecessor, [[Trans-Canada Airlines]] (TCA), was created by legislation of the federal government as a subsidiary of [[Canadian National Railway]] (CNR) on [[April 10]], [[1936]]. The newly created [[Department of Transport]] under [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister]] [[C. D. Howe]] desired an airline, under government control, which linked the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Using $5 million in government seed money, two [[Lockheed L-10 Electra]]s and one [[Boeing Stearman]] biplane were purchased from [[Canadian Pacific Airlines]].<ref name="CBC timeline">''Indepth: Air Canada Timeline''. 20 June 2005. [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/timeline.html] cbc.ca. Access date: [[18 October]] [[2007]].</ref> Experienced airline executives from United Airlines and [[American Airlines]] were brought in.<ref name="CBC">''Indepth: Air Canada History''. 14 May, 2004. [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/history.html] Access date:18 October 2007.</ref>
Passenger operations began on [[1 September]] [[1937]], with an Electra carrying two passengers and mail from [[Vancouver]] to [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]], a $14.20 round trip.<ref name="CBC"/> Transcontinental routes from Montreal to Vancouver began on [[1 April]] [[1939]], using 12 [[Lockheed L-14 Super Electra]]s and six [[Lockheed L-18 Lodestar]]s.<ref name="CBC timeline"/>
On [[1 July]] [[1938]], TCA hired its first flight attendants, and by January, 1940 the airline had grown to about 500 employees.<ref>Mills, Albert J, Mills, Jean Helms. ''Masculinity and the Making of Trans-Canada Air Lines, 1937-1940: A Feminist Poststructuralist Account''. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, March 2006. [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3981/is_200603/ai_n17179192/pg_3] Access date:[[18 October]] [[2007]]</ref>
In 1942 [[Canadian Pacific Airlines]] suggested merging with TCA. Prime Minister [[Mackenzie King]] rejected the proposal and introduced legislation regulating TCA as the only airline in Canada allowed to provide transcontinental flights. With the increase in air travel after World War II, CP Air was granted one coast-to-coast flight, and a few international routes.<ref name="CBC"/>
Originally headquartered in [[Winnipeg, Manitoba|Winnipeg]], which was also the site of the national maintenance base, the federal government moved the headquarters to Montreal in 1949; the maintenance base later also moved east. With the development of the [[ReserVec]] in 1953, Air Canada became the first airline in the world to use a [[computer reservation system]] with remote terminals.
By 1964, TCA had grown to become Canada's national airline, and in 1964 [[Jean Chrétien]] submitted a [[private member's bill]] to change the name of the airline from Trans-Canada Airlines to Air Canada. This bill failed, but it was later resubmitted and passed, with the name change taking effect on [[January 1]], [[1965]].<ref name="CBC timeline"/> In a late 1970s, with reorganization at CNR, Air Canada became an independent [[Crown corporation]].
===The 1980's and 1990's===
[[Image:Air-Canada-Star-Alliance-A330-343X-YVR.jpg|thumb|right|An Air Canada [[Airbus A330|Airbus A330-343X]], in [[Star Alliance]] livery, landing at [[Vancouver International Airport]]]]
[[Image:aircanada.b767-300er.c-ggmx.arp.jpg|thumb|right|1994-2004 livery on a [[Boeing 767-300ER]]]]
In the 1980s Air Canada's debt grew as it upgraded its fleet and purchased regional airlines such as [[Air BC]] and [[Air Nova]]. A recession also added to yearly losses, $15 million in 1982.<ref name="CBC"/>
Deregulation of the Canadian airline market, under the new ''National Transportation Act, 1987'' officially opened the airline market in Canada to equal competition.<ref>''The Canadian Airline Industry''. 14 November 2002. John Christopher, Joseph P. Dion. [http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection-R/LoPBdP/CIR/892-e.htm] Access date:[[18 October]] [[2007]].</ref> In 1988 Air Canada was privatized, and 43% of its shares are sold on the public market.<ref name="CBC timeline"/>
On [[7 December]] [[1987]], Air Canada became the first airline in the world to have a fleet-wide non-smoking policy,<ref>Air Canada Innovations. aircanada.com. [http://www.aircanada.com/en/about/media/facts/innovations.html]. Access date:[[18 October]] [[2007]].</ref> and in 1989 became completely [[privatisation|privatised]]. It sold the [[enRoute (credit card)|enRoute]] card business to [[Diners Club]] in 1992. Air Canada is a founding member of the [[Star Alliance]], which was launched in May 1997. The airline [[code sharing|code-shares]] with several of the alliance's members.
On [[September 2]], [[1998]] pilots for Air Canada launched the company's first pilots' strike. At the end of 1999 the Canadian government relaxed some of the aviation regulations, aimed at creating a consolidation of the Canadian airline industry.
=== 21st century ===
In January 2001 Air Canada acquired Canada's second largest air carrier, [[Canadian Airlines]], subsequently merging the latter's operations into its own. As a result, Air Canada became the world's twelfth-largest commercial airline.
[[Image:Air Canada 777.jpg|thumb|left|Current livery on a Boeing 777-300ER landing at [[Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport]].]]
On [[April 1]], [[2003]], Air Canada filed for [[bankruptcy]] protection; it emerged from this protection on [[September 30]], [[2004]], 18 months later. During the period of bankruptcy protection, the company was subject to two competing bids from [[Cerberus Capital Management]] and [[Victor Li]]. The Cerberus bid would have seen former Prime Minister [[Brian Mulroney]] installed as chairman, being recruited by Cerberus' international advisory board chair [[Dan Quayle]]. Cerberus was rejected because it had a reputation of changing existing employee pension agreements, a move strongly opposed by the [[CAW]]. At first, Air Canada selected [[Victor Li]]'s ''Trinity Time Investments'', which initially asked for a board veto and the chairmanship in return for investing $650 million in the airline. Li, who holds dual citizenship from Canada and Hong Kong, later demanded changes to the pension plan (which was not in his original takeover bid), but since the unions refused to budge, the bid was withdrawn. Finally, [[Deutsche Bank]] unveiled an $850 million dollar financing package for Air Canada, if it would cut $200 million in annual cost cutting in addition to the $1.1 billion that the unions agreed on in 2003. It was accepted after last-minute talks between CEO [[Robert Milton]] and CAW chief [[Buzz Hargrove]] got the union concessions needed to let the bid go through.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/money/story/2004/05/14/aircan_040514.html Air Canada faces deadline on Deutsche Bank deal<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/timeline.html CBC News Indepth: Air Canada<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1SEC815762 Air Canada<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
[[ACE Aviation Holdings]] is the new parent company under which the reorganised Air Canada is held.
On [[October 31]], [[2004]], the last Air Canada [[Boeing 747]] flights landed in [[Toronto]] and in [[Montreal]], ending more than 30 years of 747 service with the airline. The [[Boeing 747-400]] fleet was replaced by the [[A340]] fleet.
==== Modernization ====
[[Image:ACA C-FIUA.jpg|thumb|right|The longest ranged airliner in the world, the [[Boeing 777]]-200LR]]
On [[October 19]], [[2004]], Air Canada unveiled a new aircraft colour scheme and uniforms. A [[Boeing 767-300]] was painted in the new silver-blue colour, and the green tail was replaced with a new version of the [[maple]] leaf known as the 'Frosted Leaf.'
On [[November 9]], [[2005]], Air Canada entered into an agreement to renew its widebody fleet with [[Boeing]] by purchasing 18 [[Boeing 777]]s (10 -300ERs, 6 -200LRs, 2 777 Freighters), and 14 [[Boeing 787-8]]s. It also placed options to purchase an additional 18 Boeing 777s and 46 Boeing 787-8s and -9s.<ref>[http://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=13&issuerNo=00020954&fileName=/csfsprod/data63/filings/00880502/00000001/x%3A%5CSedar%5C2006%5CACEAviation%5C18jan%5CAIRCANADA.pdf Download SEDAR Filings{{ndash}} Code Verification and Accept Terms of Use<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> All of the 777s will be powered by the [[General Electric GE90|GE90-115B]] engine, and the 787-8s, by the [[General Electric GEnx|GEnx]] engine.<ref>[http://www.geae.com/aboutgeae/presscenter/genx/genx_20051109.html GE{{ndash}} Aviation: Air Canada Selects GE Engines for New Boeing Fleet<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Deliveries of the 777s began in March 2007 and deliveries of the 787s are to begin in 2010. As the 777s are delivered, and as the 787s are delivered, it will gradually retire all [[Boeing 767]]s and [[A330-300]]s.<ref>[http://www.boeing.com/news/releases/2005/q4/nr_051109g.html Boeing: Air Canada Locks In Boeing 777s and 787 Dreamliners<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
In November 2005, Air Canada, in an experiment to reduce aircraft weight and increase fuel efficiency, removed the paint and primer from a Boeing 767-233ER. However, the cost of the aluminum skin polishing and treatments turned out to be greater than the cost of the fuel saved, and the result was regarded as aesthetically displeasing.
[[Image:AirCanada 787-8.jpg|thumb|left|Rendering of a Boeing 787]]
On [[April 24]], [[2007]], Air Canada announced that it has exercised half of its options for the [[Boeing 787|Boeing 787 Dreamliner]]. The firm order for the Dreamliners is now at 37 plus 23 options, for a total of 60. This makes Air Canada the largest customer of the Dreamliner in North America and the third largest in the world (behind [[Qantas]] and [[All Nippon Airways]]). It also announced that it has cancelled orders for 2 Boeing 777Fs. In November 2007, Air Canada announced that it will lease an additional [[Boeing 777]]-300ER from [[ILFC]]. The number of 777s now on order totals 18 (12 -300ERs, 6 -200LRs) with options for 16 more, totalling 34.<ref>[http://active.boeing.com/commercial/orders/index.cfm?content=displaystandardreport.cfm&pageid=m25064&RequestTimeout=20000 The Boeing Company<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Air Canada has also taken delivery of 15 [[Embraer]] [[Embraer E-Jets|175]]s and 45 [[Embraer E-Jets|Embraer 190]]s. It holds options on an additional 60 Embraer 190s. These aircraft are being used to expand its intra-Canada and Canada/USA routes. Additionally, some of the Embraer 190s will replace older [[Airbus A320|A319]]/[[Airbus A320|A320]]s.
====Project XM====
[[Image:Air-Canada-Embraer-190-YVR.jpg|thumb|right|An Air Canada [[Embraer 190]] landing at [[Vancouver International Airport]]]]
Started in July 2006, and scheduled to be completed by early 2009, ''Project XM: Extreme Makeover'', is a $300-million CAD ($300-million USD) aircraft interior replacement project to install new cabins on all aircraft. New aircraft such as the [[Boeing 777]] are being delivered with the new cabins factory installed.<ref>[http://www.globelink.ca/industry/travel/article.asp?id=22 GlobeLink: Travel{{ndash}} Air Canada Embarks on Extreme Makeover<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
New cabin features include:<ref>[http://www.aircanada.com/en/about/fleet/ here]</ref>
* In Executive First, new horizontal fully-flat Executive First Suites in a 'herringbone pattern' (on 767s and 777s only).
* New cabins in all classes on all aircraft.
* Personal AVOD (8.9" touch-screen LCD) in Economy class (domestic and international) providing over 200 hours of video and audio entertainment. Larger AVOD screens available in Executive First Suites.
* Interactive games at all seats.
* 3-prong 120 VAC plugs for laptops in both classes.
* USB ports to recharge electronic devices.
* USB ports for game controllers.
* [[XM Radio Canada]] available at every seat.
== Destinations ==
{{see|Air Canada destinations}}
Air Canada operates flights to 99 destinations in Canada, the USA, Latin America, Europe, Australia and Asia. Combined with its Jazz network, the airline serves 163 destinations worldwide.
{{see|Air Canada Jazz destinations}}
[[Air Canada Jazz]] operates feeder and commuter services for Air Canada to 91 destinations in Canada and the USA. 64 of these are served exclusively by Jazz.
=== Route changes ===
<center>
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse"
|+ ''' Air Canada Route Changes (as of June 28, 2008)'''
|- bgcolor=lightgrey
!Route
!Start Date
!End Date
!Equipment
|-
|Hamilton{{ndash}} Montreal
|
|July 31, 2008
|[[Bombardier CRJ200|CRJ 100/200]]
|-
|Hamilton{{ndash}} Ottawa
|
|July 31, 2008
|[[Dash 8-100#Series_100|Dash 8-100]]
|-
|Toronto{{ndash}} Port of Spain, Trinidad <ref>[http://www.guardian.co.tt/archives/2008-06-29/business1.html Air Canada drops T&T route], [[Trinidad Guardian]]. ''Retrieved 29 June, 2008''.</ref>
|
|August 31, 2008
|[[Airbus A319]]
|-
|Montreal{{ndash}} Deer Lake
|
|September 1, 2008
|[[Embraer 190]]
|-
|Calgary{{ndash}} Comox
|
|September 2, 2008
|[[Bombardier CRJ200|CRJ 100/200]]
|-
|Vancouver{{ndash}} Osaka-Kansai
|
|October 25, 2008
|[[Boeing 767#767-300ER|Boeing 767-300ER]]
|-
|Vancouver{{ndash}} Sacramento,CA
|
|October 25, 2008
|[[Bombardier CRJ200|CRJ 100/200]]
|-
|Toronto{{ndash}} Santiago{{ndash}} Buenos Aires [http://micro.newswire.ca/release.cgi?rkey=1603195547&view=13213-0&Start=0]
|
|November 29, 2008
|[[Boeing 767#767-300ER|Boeing 767-300ER]]
|-
|Toronto{{ndash}} Santiago [http://micro.newswire.ca/release.cgi?rkey=1603195547&view=13213-0&Start=0]
|December 1, 2008
|April 1, 2009
|[[Boeing 767#767-300ER|Boeing 767-300ER]]
|-
|Toronto{{ndash}} Buenos Aires [http://micro.newswire.ca/release.cgi?rkey=1603195547&view=13213-0&Start=0]
|December 1, 2008
|April 1, 2009
|[[Boeing 767#767-300ER|Boeing 767-300ER]]
|-
|Montreal{{ndash}} St. Lucia
|December 22, 2008
|
|[[Airbus A320]]
|-
|Toronto{{ndash}} Santiago{{ndash}} Buenos Aires [http://micro.newswire.ca/release.cgi?rkey=1603195547&view=13213-0&Start=0]
|April 2, 2009
|
|[[Boeing 767#767-300ER|Boeing 767-300ER]]
|-
|}
</center>
== Fleet==
<!-- Please source ALL changes to the fleet tables below, unless data is from http://www.aircanada.com/en/about/fleet/ -->
The Air Canada fleet consists of 209 aircraft, as of June 2008. [http://www.aircanada.com/en/about/fleet/] "Project XM Fitted" indicates aircraft with newly renovated aircraft interiors.
<center>
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse"
|+ '''Air Canada Fleet'''
|- bgcolor=lightgrey
!Aircraft
!Total
!Passengers <br> <small>(Business*/Economy)</small>
!Routes
!Notes
|-
|[[Airbus A319-100]]
|35
|120 (14/106)
|North America <br> Caribbean
|Project XM completed
|-
|[[Airbus A320-200]]
|41
|140 (20/120)
|North America <br> Caribbean <br> South America
|Project XM completed
|-
|[[Airbus A321-200]]
|10
|174 (20/154)
|North America <br> Caribbean
|Project XM completed
|-
|[[Airbus A330#A330-300|Airbus A330-300]]
|<small>'''Project XM Fitted'''</small> <br> 1 (in hangar) <br> <font color="lightgrey"> —————————</font color="lightgrey"> <br><small>'''Original'''</small> <br> 7
|274 (42/232)
|Atlantic
|Aircraft in YUL hangar - deciding to implement XM on A333's or not <br> Project XM to be completed by the end of 2009 <br> Replacement aircraft is B787-8 from 2012
|-
|[[Airbus A340#A340-300|Airbus A340-300]]
|2
|286 (30/256)
|[[Vancouver]] to [[Hong Kong]]
|Project XM will not be implemented <br> Exit from service October 2008
|-
|[[Boeing 767#767-200|Boeing 767-200/200ER]]
|8
|207 (24/183)
|North America <br> Atlantic <br> Caribbean <br> Hawaii
|Project XM will not be implemented <br> Exit from service October 2008 to [[Mexicana]]
|-
|[[Boeing 767#767-300ER|Boeing 767-300ER]]
|<small>'''Project XM Fitted'''</small> <br> 26 <br> <font color="lightgrey"> —————————</font color="lightgrey"> <br><small>'''Original'''</small> <br> 4
|<small>'''Project XM Fitted'''</small> <br> 211 (24/187) <br> <font color="lightgrey"> —————————</font color="lightgrey"> <br> <small>'''Original'''</small> <br> 212 (25/187) <br> 212 (30/182) <br> 213 (25/188)
|Atlantic <br> Pacific <br> South America <br> Middle East <br> Hawaii (Beginning Late 2008)
|Project XM to be completed by the end of 2008 <br> Project XM will not be implemented on fins 687/689/690 <br> Fins 687/689/ 690 exit from service 2008 <br> Replacement aircraft is B787-8 from 2012
|-
|[[Boeing 777#777-200LR|Boeing 777-200LR]]
|6 <br>
|270 (42/228)
|Atlantic: [[London-Heathrow]] <br> Pacific: [[Sydney]], [[Hong Kong]] , Shanghai-PVG (non-peak), [[Beijing]] (non-peak) <br> Domestic: [[Montreal]], [[Toronto]], [[Vancouver]]
|Project XM factory fitted
|-
|[[Boeing 777#777-300ER|Boeing 777-300ER]]
|9 <br> (3 orders)
|349 (42/307)
|Atlantic: [[Paris-Charles de Gaulle]], [[Frankfurt]], [[London-Heathrow]] <br> Pacific: Tokyo-NRT, [[Hong Kong]], Shanghai-PVG (peak), [[Beijing]] (peak) <br> Domestic: [[Montreal]], [[Toronto]], [[Vancouver]]
|Project XM factory fitted
|-
|[[Boeing 787#787-8|Boeing 787-8]]
|(37 orders)
|
|Atlantic <br> Pacific <br> South America
|Project XM factory fitted <br> To enter service in 2012<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/05/08/223568/air-canada-latest-carrier-to-detail-787-delivery-delays.html Air Canada latest carrier to detail 787 delivery delays] FlightGlobal.com, 08/05/08</ref>
|-
|[[Embraer E-Jets#E-170/175|Embraer 175]]
|15
|73 (9/64)
|North America
|Project XM factory fitted
|-
|[[Embraer E-Jets#E-190/195|Embraer 190]]
|45 <br>
|93 (9/84)
|North America <br> Caribbean
|Project XM factory fitted
|}
<sup>*Executive Class is offered on domestic flights, Executive First on international flights.</sup>
</center>
*Air Canada has an average fleet age of 8.8 years, as of June 2008.[http://www.airfleets.net/ageflotte/?file=calcop&opp=Air%20Canada]
*Air Canada has options for 18 more Boeing 777's, 23 Boeing 787 Dreamliners and 60 Embraer E190's.
*Air Canada, along with Air Canada Jazz owns roughly 61% of the Domestic market.
*Air Canada was the first North American airline to operate the Airbus A319, A340-300, A340-500, Boeing 777-200LR and Boeing 777-300ER aircraft.
*Air Canada is the largest North American customer for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner.
*The Boeing 767 involved in the [[Gimli Glider|Gimli incident]] (known as the "Gimli Glider") remained in service with Air Canada until it retired in 2008. The aircraft (C-GAUN) now sits at the Mojave Spaceport in California.
===Jazz fleet===
[[Image:Bombardier RJ.jpg|right|thumb|Jazz Bombardier CRJ]]
[[Air Canada Jazz]] has a separate fleet consisting of 133 all-Canadian aircraft as of June 2008:<ref>http://www.aircanada.com/en/about/fleet/ | Air Canada fleet</ref>
{{main|Air Canada Jazz}}
<center>
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse"
|+ '''Air Canada Jazz Fleet'''
|- bgcolor=lightgrey
!Aircraft
!Total
!Passengers<br>(Executive*/Economy)
!Notes
|-
|[[Bombardier CRJ100/200#CRJ100|Bombardier CRJ 100ER]]
|24
|50
|
|-
|[[Bombardier CRJ100/200#CRJ200|Bombardier CRJ 200ER]]
|33
|50
|
|-
|[[Bombardier CRJ700/900#CRJ-700|Bombardier CRJ 705]]
|16
|75 (10/65)
|Project XM completed
|-
|[[De Havilland Canada Dash 8|Bombardier Dash 8 100]]
|34
|37
|Twin-Turboprop
|-
|[[De Havilland Canada Dash 8|Bombardier Dash 8 300]]
|26
|A:48<br>B:50
|Twin-Turboprop
|}
<sup>*Executive Class is only available on Bombardier CRJ 705 aircraft
[[Inflight Entertainment#Personal televisions|(AVOD)]] audio-video on demand</sup>
</center>
== Historic fleet==
[[Image:Aircanada.a340.c-gdvw.arp.jpg|thumb|right|Air Canada's last two [[Airbus A340-300]] will be retired in October 2008, when the Vancouver-Hong Kong route will be served by the [[Boeing 777#777-300ER|Boeing 777-300ER]].]]
[[Image:Air Canada Boeing767.jpg|thumb|right|Air Canada's [[Boeing 767-200ER]] fleet will be retired by the end of 2008.]]
[[Image:Air Canada 747-400.jpg|thumb|The last three of Air Canada's [[Boeing 747]]s were retired by 2004.]]
Air Canada was the first airline to operate a jet freighter with the introduction of the DC-8 and was the first major airline with an all turbine fleet, which allowed an increase in productivity and reduction in maintenance costs. Air Canada was also one of the first airlines to have its entire fleet of unpressurised aircraft equipped with fixed oxygen systems for use by flight crew and passengers, using the rebreathing bag principle.
The following is a list of aircraft that Air Canada has operated since 1937, and are now no longer in the fleet (click on link for a photo):
<center>
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse"
|- bgcolor=lightgrey
| '''Type''' || '''Used''' ||'''Picture'''
|-
| [[Airbus A340-500]] || 2004-2007 || [http://www.airliners.net/open.file/1255473/M/], [http://www.airliners.net/open.file?id=1249865&WxsIERv=Nveohf%20N340-541&Wm=1&WdsYXMg=Nve%20Pnanqn&QtODMg=Ubat%20Xbat%20-%20Purx%20Ync%20Xbx%20Vagreangvbany%20%28UXT%20%2F%20IUUU%29&ERDLTkt=Puvan%20-%20Ubat%20Xbat&ktODMp=Whar%204%2C%202006&BP=1&WNEb25u=Wreel%20cnat&xsIERvdWdsY=P-TXBY&MgTUQtODMgKE=1600%20cvk%20%5B350Q%2BPnaba%20RS%20100-400zz%20s4.5-5.6Y%20VF%20HFZ%5D&YXMgTUQtODMgKERD=1219&NEb25uZWxs=2007-08-19%2016%3A25%3A00&ODJ9dvCE=951&O89Dcjdg=445&static=yes&width=1600&height=1077&sok=JURER%20%20%28nvepensg%20%3D%20%27Nveohf%20N340-541%27%29%20%20beqre%20ol%20cubgb_vq%20QRFP&photo_nr=54&prev_id=1249927&next_id=1249687]
|-
| [[Avro Lancastrian]] || 1943-1947 || [http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_lanca.jpe]
|-
| [[BAe 146|BAe 146-200]] || 1990-2005 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/ba146b.jpg]
|-
| [[Boeing 727|Boeing 727-200]] || 1974-1992 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/727.jpg]
|-
| [[Boeing 737#737 Original|Boeing 737-200]] || 1976-2004 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/737b.jpg]
|-
| [[Boeing 747#747-100|Boeing 747-100]] || 1971-1998 || [http://www.airliners.net/open.file/0086762/M/]
|-
| [[Boeing 747#747-200|Boeing 747-200M]] (Combi)|| 1975-1999 || [http://www.airliners.net/open.file/0086639/M/]
|-
| [[Boeing 747#747-400|Boeing 747-400]]|| 1990-2003 || [http://www.airliners.net/open.file/0590749/L/]
|-
| [[Boeing 747#747-400|Boeing 747-400M]] (Combi) || 1990-2004 || [http://www.airliners.net/open.file/0703431/L/] [http://www.airliners.net/open.file/0700091/L/]
|-
| [[Bristol Aeroplane Company|Bristol]] 31 || 1953-1955 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_bristol.jpe]
|-
| [[Douglas DC-4#Derivatives|Canadair North Star]] || 1946-1961 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_dc4m2.jpe]
|-
| [[Douglas DC-3]] || 1945-1963 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_dc3.jpe]
|-
| [[Douglas DC-8]]-40 -50 -60 -70 || 1960-1983 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_dc8.jpe]
|-
| [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9]]-30 || 1966-2002 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/d9s.jpe]
|-
| [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]] From [[Canadian Airlines]] || 1971-2001 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/DC-10.jpg]
|-
| [[Fokker F28]] || 1986-2004 ||[http://www.enquirer.com/editions/2001/06/05/aircanada.jpg]
|-
| [[Lockheed Constellation|Lockheed Super Constellation]] || 1954-1963 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_lh1049.jpe]
|-
| [[Lockheed L-1011]] -1 -15 -100 -500 || 1973-1996 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_lh1011.jpe]
|-
| [[Lockheed Model 10 Electra]] || 1937-1941 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_lh10a.jpe]
|-
| [[Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra]] || 1941-1949 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_lh14h2.jpe]
|-
| [[Lockheed Lodestar|Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar]] || 1941-1949 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_lh1808.jpe]
|-
| [[Stearman]] || 1937-1939 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_stear.jpe]
|-
| [[Vickers Vanguard]] || 1961-1972 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_vicvan.jpe]
|-
| [[Vickers Viscount]] || 1955-1974 ||[http://www.aircanada.com/shared/images/common/fleet/pictures/h_vicvis.jpe]
|}
</center>
==Onboard==
Air Canada has two classes of service on all aircraft. On longhaul international routes, Executive First and Economy Class are offered. Shorthaul and domestic routes feature Executive Class and Economy Class.
Air Canada Jazz features two classes of service, Executive and Economy Class, on CRJ-705 aircraft only. All other Jazz aircraft are one class service (Economy Class).
===Executive First / Executive First Suites (International Business Class)===
[[Image:Air Canada Executive First Suite.jpg|thumb|right|Executive First Suites.]]
Executive First / Executive First Suites is Air Canada’s international [[business class]] product.
Executive First Suites (Project XM) are available on all B777-300ER and B777-200LR aircraft and all B767-300ER aircraft except fins 631, 687, 689 and 690. Fin 631 is scheduled to be fitted with Executive First Suites (Project XM) by the end of 2008. Fins 687, 689 and 690 will not be fitted with Executive First Suites (Project XM) and will be retired. Executive First Suites are also available on one A330-300, fin 938. The remaining seven A330-300s will be fitted with Executive First Suites (Project XM) by the end of 2009.
Executive First (Original) is available on the remaining four B767-300ERs, seven A330-300s and two A340-300s.
Executive First Suites (Project XM) feature electronic flat beds, in a 1-1-1 (B767-300ER) or 1-2-1 (all other aircraft) herringbone configuration with a 21" seat width and a 6'3" seat pitch. The configuration is similar in layout to [[Virgin Atlantic]]'s Upper Class Suite and [[Air New Zealand]]'s Business Premier Class product. Entertainment is personal AVOD (Audio Video On Demand), while music is provided by [[XM satellite radio]]. Self-service bar areas and mood lighting are available on all B777-300ER and B777-200LR aircraft.
Executive First (Original) features electronic recliner seats reclining to 151 degrees, with a width of 21” and a pitch of 57-60”. Seat configuration is 2-2-2 on Airbus aircraft, with 1-2-2 or 2-2-1 seating on the 767-300ER aircraft, depending on tail fin. Entertainment is personal AVOD (Audio Video On Demand) on Airbus aircraft and B767-300ERs (in the form of DVD players on the B767-300ERs). Music is provided by XM satellite radio.
[[Image:aircanada.a330-300.c-ghkr.arp.jpg|thumb|[[Airbus A330-300]] taking off at [[London Heathrow Airport]].]]
===Executive Class (North American Domestic First Class)===
Executive Class is Air Canada’s North American domestic first class product.
Seat configuration varies between 1-2, 2-2 and 2-2-2 depending on the aircraft. Recline is around 120, 124 or 130 degrees, with a width of 18 or 21” and a pitch of 37-39”.
On aircraft fitted with Executive Class (Project XM), all seats feature AVOD and the new style cabin interiors. On aircraft fitted with Executive Class (Original) - the B767-200s and B767-200ERs - main screen entertainment and the old style cabin interiors are offered. Music on both types is provided by XM satellite radio.
===Premium Economy Class (International)===
Premium Economy is offered on international B767-200 and B767-200ER aircraft on low density routes to Europe and to the Caribbean. The cabin is the Executive Class (Original) cabin sold as Premium Economy.
Seat configuration is 2-2-2, with seats having a recline of 130 degrees, a width of 18" and a pitch of 38". Main screen entertainment is provided. Music is provided by XM satellite radio.
===Economy Class===
Seats are pitched 31-34” with a width of 17.2-18.5"” and a recline to around 6".
On aircraft fitted with Economy Class (Project XM), entertainment is personal AVOD (Audio Video On Demand). On Economy Class (Original) aircraft, main screen entertainment is offered. Music on both types is provided by XM satellite radio.
===Boarding Passes===
The letter on a boarding pass corresponds to the named classes shown on the website, a rough breakdown as listed on the 2007 Aeroplan upgrade certificates follows: Tango (R, K, N, G, P, E, T), Tango Plus (B, H, V, Q, L, A), Latitude (M, U), Latitude Plus (Y) and Executive (J, C, Z).
===Meal and beverage service===
[[Image:Air Canada AirbusA340 Kitchen.jpg|thumb|right|[[Airbus A340]]-300 galley]]
Air Canada offers a variety of meals on intercontinental routes, depending on seat class, destination and flight length. They do not offer food on most Canadian and US flights, but do offer hot meals and snacks on flights longer than five hours. A selection of cold food has been made for purchase on-board, paid in either [[U.S. dollar|US]] or [[Canadian dollars]].
Beverages like coffee, tea, juices and soft drinks are still free on domestic/US flights, but passengers are required to pay for alcohol.
===Entertainment===
Movies and music are available on all flights, with newer aircraft/new cabins offering audio/video on demand [[in-flight entertainment]]. This on-demand format is planned for all Air Canada aircraft and offers more than 200 hours of video and audio entertainment. Disposable head sets are provided free of charge to all passengers and can be kept for future flights, with noise reduction headsets available in Executive First and Executive First Suites.
===Newspapers and magazines===
Newspapers and magazines are available to all Executive & Executive First passengers on Air Canada flights. Air Canada's in-flight magazine, [[enRoute (magazine)|enRoute]], is provided to all passengers on all flights.
[[Image:Embraer take-off.jpg|thumb|Air Canada [[Embraer E-Jets|Embraer E175]] takes off.]]
===Cabin crew===
Air Canada has made a change in uniform by changing the dark green for a midnight blue colour. The uniforms were designed by Canadian fashion designer Debbie Shuchat, at a presentation in the [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]] hangar, [[Celine Dion]] helped the newly-solvent airline debut its new image.
The female cabin crew wear a midnight blue suit jacket with a narrow skirt both lined with blue lining. The jacket sports a red Air Canada maple leaf motif on the left blazer pocket flap. The uniform is composed by a sky blue blouse, sky blue sweater, a frosted leaf graphic design on a red or blue scarf.
The male cabin crew wear a midnight blue suit jacket with suit trousers both lined with blue lining. The jacket sports a red Air Canada maple leaf motif on the left blazer pocket flap. The uniform is composed by a sky blue shirt, midnight blue waistcoat, a frosted leaf graphic design on a red or blue tie.
==Maple Leaf Lounge==
These lounges are open to passengers holding Executive First, or Executive class tickets. Super Elite, Elite, and for a charge, Prestige passengers can also use the lounges. Star alliance Gold passengers can also enter the lounges.
* [[Calgary International Airport]]{{ndash}} domestic and international concourse A
* [[Edmonton International Airport]]{{ndash}} domestic and international south terminal
* [[Halifax Stanfield International Airport]]{{ndash}} domestic and international
* [[London Heathrow Airport]] Terminal 3
* [[Los Angeles International Airport]]
* [[Montreal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport]]{{ndash}} domestic, transborder and international
* [[Ottawa International Airport]]{{ndash}} domestic and international
* [[Charles de Gaulle International Airport]]{{ndash}} International
* [[Québec/Jean Lesage International Airport]]{{ndash}} domestic
* [[Regina International Airport]]
* [[St. John's International Airport]]
* [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]]
** Terminal 1 Domestic{{ndash}} Node E Level 3 , Transborder{{ndash}} Node F level 3, International{{ndash}} HammerHead F Level 3, pier E
* [[Vancouver International Airport]]{{ndash}} domestic, transborder and international
* [[Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport]]{{ndash}} domestic and international
==Subsidiaries and partners==
===Aeroplan===
[[Image:Aeroplan logo.svg|125px|right]]
*In June 2005, [[Aeroplan]] was spun off by ACE Aviation Holdings as an [[Income trust]] on the [[Toronto Stock Exchange]]. ACE Aviation Holdings is no longer a shareholder of Aeroplan.
Aeroplan is Air Canada's frequent flier program. Miles are awarded to members, and can be used to purchase tickets on any Star Alliance airline, or other partners, such as some hotel chains. They do have a status system, as follows:
Prestige- Star Alliance Silver Status awarded. minimum 25 flights or 25,000 miles.
Elite- Star Alliance Gold Status awarded. minimum 50 flights or 35,000 miles.
Super Elite- Star Alliance Gold Status awarded. minimum 100 flights or 100,000 miles.
The number of miles is based on status miles (on ticket) in one calendar year.
===Air Canada Cargo===
[[Image:Aircanadacargo logo.gif|100px|right]]
Air Canada Cargo Limited Partnership offers cargo services on domestic and transborder flights, utilising the cargo capacity on aircraft operated by Air Canada and Jazz on domestic and transborder routes. Air Canada offers cargo services on its international passenger flights and also uses chartered, all-freighter aircraft for Canada{{ndash}} Europe and Canada{{ndash}} Asia services. (Subsidiary of Air Canada)
In the past, Air Canada Cargo operated its own dedicated fleet of DC-8 freighters and currently operates a [[World Airways]] MD-11 freighter from Toronto(YYZ), Canada to Frankfurt(FRA), Germany. Orders for 2 Boeing 777-200F's were in negotiations but that order has since been cancelled.{{Fact|date=July 2007}}
===Air Canada Ground Handling Services===
*ACGHS provides ground handling services to Air Canada, Jazz and a number of other carriers at their Canadian and US stations, but with a primary focus on Canadian stations. Services covered include "above and below the wing" passenger and baggage handling services and ancillary services such as de-icing, ground support and equipment maintenance. (Subsidiary of Air Canada)
===Jazz Air LP===
[[Image:Jazzlogo.png|150px|right]]
In 2001, Air Canada consolidated [[Air BC]], [[Air Nova]], [[Air Ontario]] and [[Canadian Regional Airlines]] into [[Air Canada Jazz]]. Air Canada Jazz was spun-off starting in November 2006. ACE Aviation Holdings is no longer a shareholder of Jazz, making Jazz Air an independent company.
===Air Canada Jetz===
[[Image:Logo acjetz.png|125px|right]]
Launched in 2002, [[Air Canada Jetz]] is a charter service targeting sports teams, professional entertainers, and corporations. Air Canada Jetz fleet consists of 5 A320 aircraft in an all business class configuration.
===ACTS Aero Technical Support & Services Inc.===
ACTS is a full-service Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) organisation that provides airframe, engine and component maintenance and various ancillary services to more than 100 customers. Major bases are in Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg and Vancouver. (Majority owned by Kohlberg Kravis Roberst & Co.)
===Air Canada Vacations===
[[Image:Aircanadavacationslogo.gif|150px|right]]
Air Canada Vacations offers sun, cruise and leisure vacation packages to the Caribbean, Florida, Hawaii, Mexico, Las Vegas, Central and South America, and Asia. (Subsidiary of Air Canada)
===Partners===
*Air Canada's regional partners include [[Air Canada Jazz]], Exploits Valley Air Services (EVAS)[http://www.evasair.com/about.php], [[Air Georgian]], and [[Central Mountain Air]].
*Air Canada is one of the founding member of the [[Star Alliance]] team.
===Code sharing===
Air Canada codeshare agreements with:[http://www.aircanada.com/en/travelinfo/airport/codeshare.html]
* [[Air Jamaica]]
* [[Air New Zealand]] †
* [[Air One]]
* [[ANA]] †
* [[Asiana Airlines]] †
* [[Austrian Airlines]] †
* [[Avianca]]
* [[Bmi]] †
* [[Eva Air]]
* [[Jet Airways]]
* [[LOT]] †
* [[Lufthansa]] †
* [[Royal Jordanian Airlines]]
* [[SAS Scandinavian Airlines]] †
* [[Singapore Airlines]] †
* [[Spanair]] †
* [[Swiss]] †
* [[Thai Airways International]] †
* [[United Airlines]] †
* [[US Airways]] †
Note: † indicates [[Star Alliance]] partners
===Former subsidiaries===
[[Image:Air Canada Tango logo.svg|150px|right]]
*In 2001, Air Canada launched [[Air Canada Tango]], which offered [[no-frills]] service and lower fares between major cities such as [[Toronto]], [[Vancouver]], [[Montreal]] and also to some holiday destinations such as [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida|Fort Lauderdale]]. Tango aircraft were painted with the Air Canada design but in [[purple]]. It is thought that Tango was intended to be Air Canada's vehicle for competing against the low cost carriers [[Canada 3000]] and [[WestJet]]. The [[Air Canada Tango|Tango]] service was dissolved in 2004. Air Canada now calls its lowest fare class "Tango" (Tango and Tango Plus), paying homage to the low-cost experiment.
*In 2002, Air Canada launched [[Zip (airline)|Zip]], a [[low-cost carrier|discount airline]] to compete directly with WestJet on routes in Western Canada. [[Zip (airline)|Zip]] operated as a separate airline with its own staff and brightly painted [[aircraft]]. It also was disbanded in 2004.
==Accidents==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Date
!Flight number
!Information
|-
|[[November 29]], [[1963]]
|[[Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 831|Flight 831]]*
|[[McDonnell Douglas DC-8]], stalled on takeoff out of Montreal-Dorval International Airport. All 118 lives were lost on board, making it one of the deadliest air disasters in Canadian history.
|-
|[[May 19]], [[1967]]
|n/a
|[[Douglas DC-8|McDonnell Douglas DC-8]], crashed and burned on a training flight while making a three-engine landing at [[Ottawa, Ontario]]. All 3 crew members were killed. There were no passengers on the flight.
|-
|[[July 5]], [[1970]]
|[[Air Canada Flight 621|Flight 621]]
|McDonnell Douglas DC-8, exploded from a fuel line rupture caused by engine 4 striking the runway in [[Toronto, Ontario]] during the first landing attempt. All 109 passengers/crew were killed.[http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=07051970®=CF-TIW&airline=Air+Canada]
|-
|[[June 26]], [[1978]]
|[[Air Canada Flight 189|Flight 189]]
|[[Douglas DC-9|McDonnell Douglas DC-9]], overran the runway in Toronto after a blown tire aborted the takeoff. 2 of 107 people onboard were killed.[http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=06261978®=CF-TLV&airline=Air+Canada]
|-
|[[June 2]], [[1983]]
|[[Air Canada Flight 797|Flight 797]]
|McDonnell Douglas DC-9, had an electrical fire in the aft lavatory during flight, resulting in an emergency landing at [[Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport]]. During emergency exiting, the sudden influx of oxygen caused a flash fire throughout the cabin, resulting in the deaths of 23 of the 41 passengers, including Canadian folk singer [[Stan Rogers]]. All five crew members survived.<ref>[http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=06021983®=C-FTLU&airline=Air+Canada Accident Database: Accident Synopsis 06021983<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
|-
|[[July 23]], [[1983]]
|[[Gimli Glider|Flight 143]]
|[[Boeing 767]], glided to an emergency landing in [[Gimli, Manitoba]] after running out of fuel 12,500 m (41,000 ft) above [[Red Lake, Ontario|Red Lake]], [[Ontario]]. No one was injured. This incident was the subject of the TV movie, [[Falling from the Sky: Flight 174]], starring [[William Devane]], and the book, ''Freefall'', by William Hoffer.<ref>[http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=07231983®=C-GAUN&airline=Air+Canada Accident Database: Accident Synopsis 07231983<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
|-
|[[December 16]], [[1997]]
|Flight 646
|[[Bombardier Aerospace|Bombardier Canadair]] CRJ-100, went off the end of the runway upon landing in [[Fredericton, New Brunswick]]. There were no fatalities.[http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=12161997®=C-FSKI&airline=Air+Canada]
|}
:''*Company was known as Trans-Canada Air Lines in 1963.''
==Incidents==
* [[June 21]], [[1973]]: [[Douglas DC-8|McDonnell Douglas DC-8]] caught fire and was burnt out during refuelling at Terminal 2, [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]; no fatalities.[http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=06021982®=CF-TLY&airline=Air+Canada]
* [[June 2]], [[1982]]: McDonnell Douglas DC-9 exploded during a maintenance period in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]; no fatalities.
* [[November 19]], [[2006]]: Air Canada Flight 38 [[Boeing 767|Boeing 767-300]] was bound from [[Shanghai]], [[China]] to [[Vancouver]] suffered severe turbulence and made an emergency landing at Tokyo's [[Narita International Airport]]. Four flight attendants were sent to hospital. Flights in and out of Shanghai (and in the area east of Japan) are notorious for turbulence problems.
*[[August 10]], [[2006]]: Air Canada flights to [[Toronto]] and [[Montreal]] were among the seven planes allegedly targeted in a massive bomb plot that was being planned in Britain. Air Canada Flight 849 that leaves Heathrow daily at 3 p.m for Toronto and the regular Air Canada Flight 865 that leaves at 3:15 p.m. for Montreal. All were to be detonated simultaneously as the planes crossed the Atlantic Ocean carrying between 240 and 285 people each. Both aircraft being [[Airbus A330-300]]s. [http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2008/04/03/bomb-plot.html]
* [[May 20]], [[2007]]: [[Air Canada Jazz]] Flight 8911, a [[Bombardier CRJ200|Bombardier CRJ-100]] bound from [[Moncton]], landing gear collapsed while vacating the runway after touching down at [[Toronto-Pearson International Airport]]. There were no injuries reported as a result of the incident
*[[January 10]], [[2008]]: [[Air Canada Flight 190]], an [[Airbus A319]] bound for [[Toronto]] from [[Victoria, British Columbia|Victoria]], [[British Columbia]], made an emergency landing at [[Calgary]] airport after experiencing severe turbulence possibly as a result of an on-board computer failure over the [[Rocky Mountains]]. At least ten people were injured, with non-life-threatening injuries. The cause of the incident is not yet known as the [[Transportation Safety Board of Canada|TSB]] is still investigating.[http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20080110/landing_plane_080110/20080110?hub=TopStories]
*[[January 28]], [[2008]]: An Air Canada [[Boeing 767-300]] series jet was forced to divert to [[Shannon International Airport]], County Clare in Ireland due to a "medical emergency". Flight AC848 was en route from [[Toronto-Pearson]] to [[London-Heathrow]] when the co-pilot fell-ill somewhere over the North Atlantic. It was reported that the co-pilot was acting strangely and after landing was forcibly removed from the aircraft by personnel including a member of the Canadian Military. It was subsequently reported by local media in Ireland that he was transferred to the Psychiatric Unit of Ennis General Hospital in Co. Clare to undergo assessment. A second flight crew was flown in from London to allow the 149 passengers and crew complete their journey where it landed 8 hours behind schedule.
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
== External links ==
{{Commons|Air Canada}}
*[http://www.aircanada.com/ Air Canada official website]
*[http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/timeline.html Timeline]
*[http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-73-1125/politics_economy/air_canada/ CBC Digital Archives{{ndash}} Turbulent Skies: The Air Canada Story]
*[http://www.acpa.ca/ Air Canada Pilots Association]
*[http://www.enroutemag.com/ enRoute inflight magazine]
<!--Navigation boxes-->
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