Albrecht von Graefe
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{{Infobox Scientist
|name = Albrecht von Graefe
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|birth_date = [[May 22]], [[1828]]
|birth_place = [[Finkenheerd]], [[Province of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]]
|death_date = [[July 20]], [[1870]]
|death_place = [[Berlin]], Brandenburg
|residence =
|citizenship =
|nationality = [[Germany|German]]
|ethnicity =
|field = [[oculist]]
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'''Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Albrecht von Graefe''' (or '''Gräfe'''; [[May 22]], [[1828]]–[[July 20]], [[1870]]) was a pioneering [[Germany|German]] [[ophthalmologist]].
[[Image:Graefe Denkmal Berlin2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Memorial at the [[Charité]] Berlin by [[Rudolf Siemering]]]]
Graefe was born in [[Finkenheerd]], [[Province of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]], the son of [[Karl Ferdinand von Graefe]]. At an early age he showed a preference for [[mathematics]], but this was gradually superseded by an interest in [[natural science]], which led him ultimately to the study of [[medicine]]. After studying at [[Berlin]], [[Vienna]], [[Prague]], [[Paris]], [[London]], [[Dublin]] and [[Edinburgh]], and having devoted special attention to [[ophthalmology]], in 1850 he began to practice as an oculist in Berlin. He founded a private institution there for the treatment of eyes, which became the model of many similar clinics in Germany and Switzerland.
In 1853 he was appointed teacher of ophthalmology at the [[Humboldt University of Berlin|University of Berlin]]; in 1858 he became an Extraordinary Professor, and in 1866 an Ordinary Professor. Graefe contributed greatly to ophthalmological science, particularly by the establishment in 1855 of his ''Archiv für Ophthalmologie'', in which [[Carl Ferdinand von Arlt]] and [[Franciscus Donders]] collaborated. Perhaps his two most important discoveries were his method of treating [[glaucoma]] and a new operation for [[cataract]]. He was also regarded as an authority in diseases of the nervous system and brain. He died in Berlin on [[20 July]] [[1870]].
The [[List of eponymous medical signs|eponymous]] "Gräfe's sign" is associated with [[Graves-Basedow disease]].
==References==
* See ''Ein Wort der Erinnerung an Albrecht von Gräfe'' (Halle, 1870) by his cousin, Alfred Gräfe (1830-1899), also a distinguished ophthalmologist, and the author of ''Das Sehen der Schielenden'' (Wiesbaden 1897); and E Michaelis, ''Albrecht von Gräfe. Sein Leben und Wirken'' (Berlin,1877).
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|publication-date=1992 Sep
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|publication-date=1990
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|publication-date=1980 Jul 4
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|publication-date=1980 May
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|publication-date=1979 Sep
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|title=Ophthalmology and philately: I. Ophthalmologists on stamps.--Albrecht von Graäfe (1828-1870).
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|publication-date=1975 Dec
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|title=[The polemics on strabogenesis between A. v. Gräfe and F. C. Donders (author's transl)]
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|publication-date=1970 Dec
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|publication-date=1970 Sep
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|title=[In memory of Albrecht von Gräfe. (1828-1870)]
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|volume=180
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|publication-date=1966 Jul 25
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*{{1911}}
==External links==
* [http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/354.html Graefe's sign at WhoNamedIt]
* [http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/people/data?id=per330 Biography and bibliography] in the Virtual Laboratory of the [[Max Planck Institute for the History of Science]]
{{BD|1828|1870|Graefe, Albrecht von}}
[[Category:German scientists]]
[[Category:German ophthalmologists]]
[[Category:People from the Province of Brandenburg]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin faculty]]
[[de:Albrecht von Graefe]]
[[fr:Albrecht von Gräfe]]
[[no:Albrecht von Graefe]]
[[pl:Albrecht von Gräfe]]