Alfred Hershey
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[[Image:Alfred D. Hershey_1969.jpg|thumb|right|Alfred D. Hershey in 1969]]
'''Alfred Day Hershey''' ([[December 4]], [[1908]] – [[May 22]] [[1997]]) was an American [[Nobel Prize]]-winning [[bacteriologist]] and [[geneticist]].
He was born in [[Owosso, Michigan]] and received his B.S. in chemistry at [[Michigan State University]] in [[1930]] and his Ph.D. in [[bacteriology]] in [[1934]], taking a position shortly thereafter at the Department of Bacteriology at [[Washington University in St. Louis]].
He began performing experiments with [[bacteriophages]] with Italian-American [[Salvador Luria]] and German [[Max Delbrück]] in [[1940]], and observed that when two different strains of bacteriophage have infected the same bacteria, the two [[viruses]] may exchange [[genetic information]].
He moved to [[Cold Spring Harbor, New York]], in [[1950]] to join the [[Carnegie Institution of Washington]]'s Department of Genetics, where he performed the famous [[Hershey-Chase experiment|Hershey-Chase blender experiment]] with [[Martha Chase]] in [[1952]]. This experiment provided additional evidence that DNA, not protein, was the genetic material.
He became director of the Carnegie Institution in [[1962]] and was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] in [[1969]], shared with Luria and Delbrück for their discovery on the replication of viruses and their genetic structure.
Hershey had one son, Peter, with his wife Harriet.
After Hershey died, another phage worker, [[Franklin W. Stahl|Frank Stahl]], wrote: "The Phage Church, as we were sometimes called, was led by the Trinity of Delbrück, Luria, and Hershey. Delbrück's status as founder and his ''[[Papal infallibility#Ex cathedra|ex cathedra]]'' manner made him the pope, of course, and Luria was the hard-working, socially sensitive priest-confessor. And Al (Hershey) was the saint."[http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/biomems/ahershey.html]
==External links==
*[http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1969/hershey-bio.html Nobel biography]
*[http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/biomems/ahershey.html Biographical Memoir: Alfred Day Hershey] by [[Franklin W. Stahl]] for the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]]
{{Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates 1951-1975}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hershey, Alfred}}
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:1997 deaths]]
[[Category:American chemists]]
[[Category:American geneticists]]
[[Category:American scientists]]
[[Category:Phage workers]]
[[Category:Michigan State University alumni]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine]]
[[Category:People from Long Island]]
[[Category:People from Owosso, Michigan]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research]]
[[Category:Washington University in St. Louis faculty]]
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