Alice Cunningham Fletcher
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{{Infobox_Scientist
| name = Alice Cunningham Fletcher
| image = Alice_Fletcher.jpg
| image_width = 175px
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1838|3|15|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[Havana, Cuba|Havana]], [[Cuba]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1923|4|6|1838|3|15|mf=y}}
| death_place = [[Washington, D.C.]]
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality = USA
| ethnicity =
| field = [[Ethnology]]
| work_institution = [[Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology]]<br>[[Anthropological Society of Washington]]<br>[[American Folklore Society]]
| alma_mater =
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for =
| author_abbreviation_bot =
| author_abbreviation_zoo =
| prizes =
| religion =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Alice Cunningham Fletcher''' ([[March 15]], [[1838]], [[Havana, Cuba|Havana]] - [[April 6]], [[1923]], [[Washington, D.C.]]) was an American [[ethnologist]]. She studied the remains of Indian civilization in the [[Ohio river|Ohio]] and [[Mississippi river|Mississippi valley]]s, became a member of the [[Archaeological Institute of America]] in [[1879]], and worked and lived with the [[Omahas]] as a representative of the [[Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology]], [[Harvard University]].
In [[1883]] she was appointed special agent to allot lands to the Omaha tribes, in [[1884]] prepared and sent to the [[New Orleans Exposition]] an exhibit showing the progress of civilization among the Indians of North America in the quarter-century previous, in [[1886]] visited the [[Alaska Native|natives of Alaska]] and the [[Aleutian Islands]] on a mission from the commissioner of education, and in [[1887]] was United States special agent in the distribution of lands among the [[Winnebago (tribe)|Winnebagoes]] and [[Nez Perce]]s. She was made assistant in ethnology at the Peabody Museum in [[1882]], and received the Thaw fellowship in [[1891]]; was president of the [[Anthropological Society of Washington]] and of the [[American Folklore Society]], and vice-president of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]]; and, working through the [[Womans National Indian Association]], introduced a system of making small loans to Indians, wherewith they might buy land and houses.
In [[1888]] she published ''Indian Education and Civilization'', a special report of the [[Bureau of Education]]. In [[1898]] at the [[Indian Congress|Congress of Musicians]] held in [[Omaha]] during the [[Trans-Mississippi Exposition]] she read several essays upon the songs of the North American Indians in illustration of which a number of Omaha Indians sang their native melodies. Out of this grew her ''Indian Story and Song from North America'' ([[1900]]), illustrating a stage of development antecedent to that in which culture music appeared.
In [[1905]], she became the first woman president of the American Folklore Society. In [[1911]] she published ''The Omaha Tribe'' together with [[Francis La Flesche]], an Omaha Indian, which is still considered to be the definitive work on the subject.
<gallery>
Image:Alice Fletcher2.gif|Fletcher and Chief Joseph at the Nez Percé Lapwai Reservation in [[Idaho]]
</gallery>
== External links ==
*[http://www.nmnh.si.edu/naa/fletcher/ Camping With the Sioux: Fieldwork Diary of Alice Cunningham Fletcher]
* {{gutenberg author| id=Alice+C.+Fletcher | name=Alice Cunningham Fletcher}}
==References==
*{{1911}}
<!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] -->
{{Persondata
|NAME= Fletcher, Alice Cunningham
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=[[USA|American]] ethnologist
|DATE OF BIRTH= [[March 15]], [[1838]]
|PLACE OF BIRTH= [[Havana, Cuba|Havana]], [[Cuba]]
|DATE OF DEATH= [[April 6]], [[1923]]
|PLACE OF DEATH= [[Washington, D.C.]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT: Fletcher, Alice Cunningham}}
[[Category:1838 births|Fletcher, Alice Cunningham]]
[[Category:1923 deaths|Fletcher, Alice Cunningham]]
[[Category:American ethnologists|Fletcher, Alice Cunningham]]
[[Category:Women anthropologists|Fletcher, Alice Cunningham]]
[[Category:Native American history|Fletcher, Alice Cunningham]]
{{US-scientist-stub}}
[[pl:Alice Fletcher]]