Alkalosis
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222778526
2008-07-01T01:55:42Z
Rcej
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[[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 222754927 by [[Special:Contributions/128.125.140.131|128.125.140.131]] ([[User talk:128.125.140.131|talk]]) - grammar
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ICD9 = {{ICD9|276.3}} |
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'''Alkalosis''' refers to a condition reducing [[hydrogen ion]] concentration of [[artery|arterial]] [[blood plasma]] ('''alkalemia'''). Generally alkalosis is said to occur when [[pH]] of the blood exceeds 7.45. The opposite condition is [[acidosis]].
==Types==
More specifically, alkalosis can refer to:
* [[Respiratory alkalosis]]
* [[Metabolic alkalosis]]
==Causes==
The main cause of respiratory alkalosis is [[hyperventilation]], resulting in a loss of [[carbon dioxide]]. Compensatory mechanisms for this would include increased dissociation of the [[carbonic acid]] buffering intermediate into [[hydrogen ion]]s, and the related consumption of [[bicarbonate]], both of which would lower blood [[pH]].
Metabolic alkalosis can be caused by prolonged vomiting, resulting in a loss of [[hydrochloric acid]] with the stomach content. Severe [[dehydration]], and the consumption of alkali are other causes. Compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis involve slowed breathing by the lungs to increase serum carbon dioxide, a condition leaning toward respiratory [[acidosis]]. As respiratory acidosis often accompanies the compensation for metabolic alkalosis, and visa versa, a delicate balance is created between these two conditions.
==See also==
* [[Acidosis]]
* [[Acid-base physiology]]
* [[Acid-base homeostasis]]
* [[milk-alkali syndrome]]
* [[Mixed disorder of acid-base balance]]
== References ==
*{{GoldBookRef|title=alkalosis|url=http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00221.html}}
{{Fluid, electrolyte, acid base metabolic pathology}}
[[Category:Electrolyte disturbances]]
{{med-stub}}
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