Allium 368687 224515311 2008-07-09T05:19:56Z QualiaBot 4198854 robot Adding: [[be-x-old:Цыбуля]], [[he:שום (סוג)]] {{Taxobox | name = ''Allium'' | image = Alliumvineale1web.jpg | image_width = 250px | image_caption = Crow Garlic (''Allium vineale'') flowerhead, showing sprouting bulbils | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Liliopsida]] | ordo = [[Asparagales]] | familia = [[Alliaceae]] | genus = '''''Allium''''' | genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]] | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = Some important species:<br> ''[[Allium acuminatum]]'' - tapertip onion<br> ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' - (Broadleaf) wild leek<br> :''A. a.'' var. ''ampeloprasum'' - [[elephant garlic]]<br> :''A. a.'' var. ''kurrat'' - [[kurrat]]<br> :''A. a.'' var. ''porrum'' - [[leek (vegetable)|leek]]<br> ''[[Allium anceps]]'' - twinleaf onion<br> ''[[Allium angulosum]]'' - mouse garlic<br> ''[[Allium aflatunense]]'' - purple sensation<br> ''[[Allium atrorubens]]'' - dark red onion<br> ''[[Allium caeruleum]]'' - blue globe onion<br> ''[[Allium campanulatum]]'' - dusky onion<br> ''[[Allium canadense]]'' - Canadian garlic<br> ''[[Allium cepa]]'' - garden onion<br> ''[[Allium cernuum]]'' - nodding onion<br> ''[[Allium chinense]]'' <br> ''[[Welsh onion|Allium fistulosum]]'' - Welsh onion<br> ''[[Allium giganteum]]'' - giant onion<br> ''[[Allium neapolitanum]]'' - white garlic<br> ''[[Allium nevii]]'' - Nevius' garlic<br> ''[[Allium nigrum]]'' - black garlic<br> ''[[Allium oleraceum]]'' - field garlic<br> ''[[Shallot|Allium oschaninii]]'' - shallot<br> ''[[Allium ramosum]]'' - wild Chinese chives<br> ''[[Allium sativum]]'' - cultivated garlic<br> ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' - chives<br> ''[[Allium scorodoprasum]]'' - Sand leek<br> ''[[Allium textile]]'' - prairie onion<br> ''[[Allium tricoccum]]'' - wild leek, ramp<br> ''[[Allium triquetrum]]'' - three-cornered leek, triquetous garlic<br> ''[[Garlic chives|Allium tuberosum]]'' - Chinese chives<br> ''[[Allium ursinum]]'' - wild garlic, ramsons<br> ''[[Allium vineale]]'' - crow garlic, wild onion<br> '''See [[List of Allium species|full list]].'''<br> }} {{Unreferenced|date=March 2008}} '''''Allium''''' is the [[onion]] [[genus]], with about 1250 [[species]], making it one of the largest plant genera in the world. They are [[perennial plant|perennial]] bulbous plants that produce chemical compounds (mostly cystein sulfoxide) that give them a characteristic onion or garlic taste and odor, and many are used as food plants. ''Allium'' is classified in family [[Alliaceae]] although some classifications have included it in the [[lily]] family ([[Liliaceae]]). ''Allium'' species occur in [[temperate climate]]s of the [[northern hemisphere]], except for a few species occurring in Chile (as ''Allium juncifolium''), Brazil (''Allium sellovianum'') or tropical Africa (''Allium spathaceum''). They can vary in height between 5&nbsp;cm and 150&nbsp;cm. The [[flower]]s form an [[umbel]] at the top of a leafless stalk. The [[bulb]]s vary in size between species, from very small (around 2&ndash;3&nbsp;mm in diameter) to rather big (8&ndash;10&nbsp;cm). Some species (such as Welsh onion, ''A. fistulosum'') develop thickened leaf-bases rather than forming bulbs as such. Most bulbous alliums increase by forming little bulbs or "offsets" around the old one, as well as by [[seed]]. Several species can form many [[Bulb#Bulbil|bulbils]] (tiny bulbs) in the flowerhead; in the so-called "[[tree onion]]" (''A. cepa'' Proliferum Group) the bulbils are few, but large enough to be used for [[pickling]]. Members of the genus include many valued [[vegetable]]s such as [[onion]]s, [[shallots]], [[Leek (vegetable)|leeks]] and [[herb]]s such as [[garlic]] and [[chives]]. A strong "oniony" odor is characteristic of the whole genus, but not all members are equally flavorful. Some ''Allium'' species, including ''A. cristophii'' and ''A. giganteum'', are used as [[herbaceous border|border]] plants for their flowers, and their "architectural" qualities. Several [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]] have been bred, or selected, with rich purple flowers. ''Allium hollandicum'' 'Purple Sensation' is one of the most popular and has been given an [[Award of Garden Merit]] (H4). By contrast, other species (such as the invasive ''Allium triquetrum'') can become troublesome garden [[weed]]s. Various ''Allium'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] including [[Cabbage Moth]], [[Common Swift (moth)|Common Swift]] moth (recorded on garlic), [[Garden Dart]] moth, [[Large Yellow Underwing]] moth, [[Nutmeg (moth)|Nutmeg]] moth, [[Setaceous Hebrew Character]] moth, [[Turnip Moth]] and ''[[Schinia|Schinia rosea]]'', a moth which feeds exclusively on ''Allium sp''. <gallery> Image:Ornamental Onion Allium 'Gladiator' Flower Head 2691px.jpg|''Allium'' 'Gladiator' Image:Nodding.jpg|Nodding Wild Onion (''Allium cernuum'') Image:Leeks.JPG|Leeks (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') Image:Allium 'Lucy Ball' Pink Flower Head 2236px.jpg|''Allium'' 'Lucy Ball' </gallery> == External links == * [http://www.bloomsta.com Bloomsta.com Florist Community] {{commonscat|Allium}} [[Category:Allium]] [[zh-min-nan:Allium]] [[be-x-old:Цыбуля]] [[bg:Лук (род)]] [[cs:Česnek]] [[da:Løg-slægten]] [[de:Zwiebeln]] [[es:Allium]] [[fr:Allium]] [[ko:부추속]] [[hsb:Kobołk]] [[it:Allium]] [[he:שום (סוג)]] [[la:Allium (genus)]] [[lt:Česnakas]] [[hu:Hagyma]] [[nl:Look (plant)]] [[ja:ネギ属]] [[pl:Czosnek]] [[pt:Allium]] [[ro:Allium]] [[ru:Лук (растение)]] [[sq:Allium]] [[sk:Cesnak (rod)]] [[fi:Sipulit]] [[sv:Löksläktet]] [[vi:Chi Hành]] [[tr:Allium]] [[ur:ثومی]] [[zh:蔥屬]]