Amarna letters
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225082906
2008-07-11T20:09:11Z
Dougweller
1304678
Reverted 1 edit by [[Special:Contributions/198.64.35.127|198.64.35.127]] identified as [[WP:VAND|vandalism]] to last revision by [[User:Thijs!bot|Thijs!bot]]. ([[WP:TW|TW]])
[[Image:Amarna Akkadian letter.png|thumb|200px|EA 161, letter by [[Aziru]], leader of [[Amurru]], (stating his case to [[pharaoh]]), one of the Amarna letters in cuneiform writing on a clay tablet.]]
The '''Amarna letters''' (sometimes '''"Amarna correspondence"''' or "Amarna tablets") are an archive of correspondence on [[clay tablet]]s, mostly diplomatic, between the [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] administration and its representatives in [[Canaan]] and [[Amurru]] during the [[New Kingdom]]. The letters were found in [[Upper Egypt]] at [[Amarna]], the modern name for the Egyptian capital founded by pharaoh [[Akhenaten]] (1350s – 1330s BC) during the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]. The Amarna letters are unusual in Egyptological research, being mostly written in [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] cuneiform, the writing system of ancient [[Mesopotamia]] rather than ancient Egypt. The known tablets currently total 382 in number, 24 further tablets having been recovered since the Norwegian Assyriologist [[Jørgen Alexander Knudtzon]]'s landmark edition of the Amarna correspondence, ''Die El-Amarna-Tafeln'' in two volumes (1907 and 1915).<ref>{{TheAmarnaLettersRef|page=p.xiv}}</ref>
==The Letters==
[[Image:Amarna letter.jpg|right|thumb|200px|One of the Amarna Letters.]]
These letters, consisting of [[Cuneiform script|cuneiform]] tablets mostly written in [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] – the regional [[Diplomatic language|language of diplomacy]] for this period – were first discovered by local Egyptians around 1887, who secretly dug most of them from the ruined city (they were originally stored in an ancient building archaeologists have since called the [[Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh]]) and then sold them on the antiquities market. Once the location where they were found was determined, the ruins were explored for more. The first archaeologist who successfully recovered more tablets was [[William Flinders Petrie]] in 1891-92, who found 21 fragments. [[Émile Chassinat]], then director of the French Institute for Oriental Archaeology in [[Cairo]], acquired two more tablets in 1903. Since Knudtzon's edition, some 24 more tablets, or fragments of tablets, have been found, either in Egypt, or identified in the collections of various museums.<ref>Moran, op. cit., p.xv</ref>
The tablets originally recovered by local Egyptians have been scattered among museums in Cairo, Europe and the United States: 202 or 203 are at the [[Vorderasiatisches Museum]] in [[Berlin]]; 49 or 50 at the [[Egyptian Museum]] in Cairo; seven at the [[Louvre]]; three at the [[Pushkin Museum]]; and one is currently in the collection of the [[Oriental Institute, Chicago|Oriental Institute]] in [[Chicago]].<ref>Moran, op. cit., p.xiii-xiv</ref>
[[Image:Amarnamap.png|thumb|left|300px|Map of the ancient [[Near East]] during the Amarna period, showing the great powers of the period: Egypt (green), [[Hatti]] (yellow), the [[Kassites|Kassite]] kingdom of Babylon (purple), Assyria (grey), and Mittani (red). Lighter areas show direct control, darker areas represent spheres of influence. The extent of the Achaean/Mycenaean civilization is shown in orange.]]
The full archive, which includes correspondence from the preceding reign of [[Amenhotep III]] as well, contained over three hundred diplomatic letters; the remainder are a miscellany of literary or educational materials. These tablets shed much light on Egyptian relations with [[Babylonia]], [[Assyria]], the [[Mitanni]], the [[Hittites]], [[Syria]], [[Canaan]], and [[Alashiya]] ([[Cyprus]]). They are important for establishing both the history and chronology of the period. Letters from the Babylonian king [[Kadashman-Enlil I]] anchor the timeframe of Akhenaten's reign to the mid-14th century BC. Here was also found the first mention of a Near Eastern group known as the ''[[Habiru]]'', whose possible connection with the [[Hebrews]] remains debated. Other rulers include [[Tushratta]] of Mittani, [[Lib'ayu]] of Shehchem, [[Abdi-Heba]] of Jerusalem and the quarrelsome king [[Rib-Hadda]] of [[Byblos]], who in over 58 letters continuously pleads for Egyptian military help.
=== Letter Summary ===
Amarna Letters are arranged politically roughly counterclockwise:
* 001-014 Babylonia
* 015-016 Assyria
* 017-030 Mittani
* 031-032 Arzawa
* 033-040 Alasia
* 041-044 Hatti
* 045-380+ Syria/Lebanon/Canaan
Amarna Letters from Syria/Lebanon/Canaan are distributed roughly:
* 045-067 Syria
* 068-227 Lebanon (where 68-140 are from Gubla aka Byblos)
* 227-380 Canaan
==Amarna Letters List==
Note: Many assignments are tentative; spellings vary widely. This is just a guide.
<center>
<div style = "height: 300px; overflow: auto" >
<table border = "1" callpadding = "4" class = "wikitable" >
<tr><th> EA# </th><th> letter author to recipient </th><th> summary </th><th> notes </th></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 1 </th><td> [[Amenhotep III]] to [[Babylon]] king [[Kadashman-Enlil]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 2 </th><td> Babylon king Kadashman-Enlil to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 3 </th><td> Babylon king Kadashman-Enlil to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 4 </th><td> Babylon king Kadashman-Enlil to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 5 </th><td> Amenhotep 3 to Babylon king KadashmanEnlil </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 6 </th><td> Babylon king [[Burna-Buriash II]] to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 7 </th><td> Babylon king Burna-Buriash 2 to [[Amenhotep IV]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 8 </th><td> Babylon king Burna-Buriash 2 to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 9 </th><td> Babylon king Burna-Buriash 2 to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 10 </th><td> Babylon king Burna-Buriash 2 to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 11 </th><td> Babylon king Burna-Buriash 2 to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 12 </th><td> princess to her lord </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 13 </th><td> Babylon </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 14 </th><td> Amenhotep 4 to Babylon king Burna-Buriash 2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 15 </th><td> [[Assyria]] king [[Ashur-Uballit I]] to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 16 </th><td> Assyria king Ashur-Uballit 1 to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 17 </th><td> [[Mitanni]] king [[Tushratta]] to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 18 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 19 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 20 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 21 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 22 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 23 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 24 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 25 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 26 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to widow Tiy </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 27 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 28 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 29 </th><td> Mitanni king Tushratta to Amenhotep 4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 30 </th><td> Mitanni king to Palestine kings </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 31 </th><td> Amenhotep 3 to [[Arzawa]] king [[Tarhundaraba]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 32 </th><td> Arzawa king Tarhundaraba to Amenhotep 3(?) </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 33 </th><td> [[Alashiya]] king to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 34 </th><td> Alashiya king to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 35 </th><td> Alashiya king to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 36 </th><td> Alashiya king to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 37 </th><td> Alashiya king to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 38 </th><td> Alashiya king to pharaoh #6 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 39 </th><td> Alashiya king to pharaoh #7 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 40 </th><td> Alashiya minister to Egypt minister </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 41 </th><td> [[Hittite]] king [[Suppiluliuma]] to [[Huri]][a] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 42 </th><td> Hittite king to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 43 </th><td> Hittite king to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 44 </th><td> Hittite prince Zi[k]ar to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 45 </th><td> [[Ugarit]] king [[Mistu|[M]istu]] ... to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 46 </th><td> Ugarit king ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 47 </th><td> Ugarit king ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 48 </th><td> Ugarit queen ..[h]epa to pharaohs queen </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 49 </th><td> Ugarit king [[Niqm-Adda II]] to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA# 50 </th><td> woman to her mistress B[i]... </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#051 </th><td> [[Nuhasse]] king [[Addunirari]] to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#052 </th><td> [[Qatna]] king [[Akizzi]] to Amenhotep 3 #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#053 </th><td> Qatna king Akizzi to Amenhotep 3 #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#054 </th><td> Qatna king Akizzi to Amenhotep 3 #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#055 </th><td> Qatna king Akizzi to Amenhotep 3 #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#056 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#057 </th><td> ... </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#058 </th><td> </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#058 </th><td> [[Qatihutisupa|[Qat]ihutisupa]] to king(?) obverse </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#059 </th><td> [[Tunip]] peoples to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#060 </th><td> [[Amurru]] king [[Abdi-Asirta]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#061 </th><td> Amurru king Abdi-Asirta to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#062 </th><td> Amurru king Abdi-Asirta to Pahanate </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#063 </th><td> Amurru king Abdi-Asirta to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#064 </th><td> Amurru king Abdi-Asirta to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#065 </th><td> Amurru king Abdi-Asirta to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#066 </th><td> --- to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#067 </th><td> --- to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#068 </th><td> [[Gubal]] king [[Rib-Addi]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#069 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Egypt official </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#070 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#071 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Haia(?) </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#072 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#073 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Amanappa #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#074 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#075 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#076 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #6 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#077 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Amanappa #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#078 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #7 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#079 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #8 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#080 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #9 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#081 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #10 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#082 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Amanappa #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#083 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #11 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#084 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #12 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#085 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #13 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#086 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Amanappa #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#087 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Amanappa #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#088 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #14 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#089 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #15 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#090 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #16 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#091 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #17 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#092 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #18 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#093 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Amanappa #6 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#094 </th><td> Gubla man to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#095 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to chief </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#096 </th><td> chief to Rib-Addi </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#097 </th><td> [[Iapah-Addi]] to [[Sumu-Hadi]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#098 </th><td> Iapah-Addi to [[Ianhamu]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#099 </th><td> pharaoh to [[Ammia]] prince(?) </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#100 </th><td> [[Irqata]] peoples </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#1001</th><td> [[Tagi]] to [[Lab-Aya]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#101 </th><td> Gubla man to Egypt official </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#102 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to [Ianha]m[u] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#103 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #19 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#104 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #20 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#105 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #21 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#106 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #22 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#107 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #23 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#108 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #24 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#109 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #25 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#110 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #26 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#111 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #27 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#112 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #28 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#113 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to Egypt official </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#114 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #29 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#115 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #30 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#116 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #31 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#117 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #32 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#118 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #33 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#119 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #34 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#120 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #35 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#121 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #36 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#122 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #37 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#123 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #38 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#124 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #39 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#125 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #40 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#126 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #41 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#127 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #42 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#128 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #43 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#129 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #44 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#129 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #45 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#130 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #46 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#131 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #47 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#132 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #48 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#133 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #49 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#134 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #50 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#135 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #51 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#136 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #52 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#137 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #53 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#138 </th><td> Gubal king Rib-Addi to pharaoh #54 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#139 </th><td> [[Ilirabih]] & Gubla to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#140 </th><td> Ilirabih & Gubla to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#141 </th><td> [[Beruta]] king [[Ammunira]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#142 </th><td> Beruta king Ammunira to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#143 </th><td> Beruta king Ammunira to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#144 </th><td> [[Zidon]] king [[Zimriddi]] to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#145 </th><td> [Z]imrid[a] to an official </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#146 </th><td> [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]] king [[Abi-Milki]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#147 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#148 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#149 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#150 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#151 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #6 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#152 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #7 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#153 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #8 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#154 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #9 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#155 </th><td> Tyre king AbiMilki to pharaoh #10 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#156 </th><td> [[Amurru]] king [[Aziri]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#157 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#158 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to Dudu #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#159 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#160 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#161 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#162 </th><td> pharaoh to Amurra prince </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#163 </th><td> pharaoh to ... </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#164 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to [[Dudu]] #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#165 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to pharaoh #6 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#166 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to [[Hai]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#167 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to (Hai #2?) </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#168 </th><td> Amurru king Aziri to pharaoh #7 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#169 </th><td> Amurru son of Aziri to a Egypt official </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#170 </th><td> [[Ba-Aluia]] & [[Battiilu]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#171 </th><td> Amurru son of Aziri to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#172 </th><td> --- </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#173 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#174 </th><td> [[Bieri]] of [[Hasabu]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#175 </th><td> [[Ildaja]] of [[Hazi]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#176 </th><td> [[Abdi-Risa]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#177 </th><td> [[Guddasuna]] king [[Jamiuta]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#178 </th><td> [[Hibija]] to a chief </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#179 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#180 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#181 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#182 </th><td> [[Mittani]] king [[Shuttarna]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#183 </th><td> Mittani king Shuttarna to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#184 </th><td> Mittani king Shuttarna to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#185 </th><td> [[Hazi]] king [[Majarzana]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#186 </th><td> Majarzana of Hazi to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#187 </th><td> [[Satija]] of ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#188 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#189 </th><td> [[Qadesh]] mayor [[Etakkama]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#190 </th><td> pharaoh to Qadesh mayor Etakkama(?) </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#191 </th><td> [[Ruhiza]] king [[Arzawaija]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#192 </th><td> Ruhiza king Arzawaija to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#193 </th><td> [[Dijate]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#194 </th><td> [[Damascus]] mayor [[Biryawaza]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#195 </th><td> Damascus mayor Biryawaza to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#196 </th><td> Damascus mayor Biryawaza to king #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#197 </th><td> Damascus mayor Biryawaza to king #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#198 </th><td> [[Arahattu|Ara[ha]ttu]] of [[Kumidi]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#199 </th><td> ... the king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#200 </th><td> servant to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#2001</th><td> Sealants </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#2002</th><td> Sealants </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#201 </th><td> [[Artemanja]] of [[Ziribasani]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#202 </th><td> [[Amajase]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#203 </th><td> [[Abdi-Milki]] of [[Sashimi]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#204 </th><td> prince of [[Qanu]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#205 </th><td> [[Gubbu]] prince to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#206 </th><td> prince of [[Naziba]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#207 </th><td> [[Ipteh]] ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#208 </th><td> ... to Egypt official or king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#209 </th><td> [[Zisamimi]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#210 </th><td> Zisami[mi] to [[Amenhotep VI]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#2100</th><td> [[Carchemish]] king to [[Ugarit]] king [[Asukwari]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#211 </th><td> [[Zitrijara]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#2110</th><td> [[Ewiri-Shar]] to [[Plsy]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#212 </th><td> [[Zitrijara]] to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#213 </th><td> Zitrijara to king #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#214 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#215 </th><td> [[Baiawa]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#216 </th><td> [[Baiawa]] to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#217 </th><td> A[h]... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#218 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#219 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#220 </th><td> [[Nukurtuwa]] of (?) [Z]unu to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#221 </th><td> [[Wiktazu]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#222 </th><td> pharaoh to [[Intaruda]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#222 </th><td> Wik[tazu] to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#223 </th><td> [[Enguta|En[g]u[t]a]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#224 </th><td> [[Sum-Adda|Sum-Add[a]]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#225 </th><td> Sum-Adda of [[Samhuna]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#226 </th><td> Sipturi_ to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#227 </th><td> [[Hazor]] king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#228 </th><td> Hazor king [[Abdi-Tirsi]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#229 </th><td> Abdi-na-... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#230 </th><td> [[Iama]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#231 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#232 </th><td> [[Acco]] king [[Zurata]] to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#233 </th><td> Acco king Zatatna to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#234 </th><td> Acco king Zatatna to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#235 </th><td> [[Zitatna|Zitatna/(Zatatna)]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#236 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#237 </th><td> [[Bajadi]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#238 </th><td> Bajadi </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#239 </th><td> [[Baduzana]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#240 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#241 </th><td> [[Rusmania]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#242 </th><td> [[Megiddo]] king [[Biridija]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#243 </th><td> Megiddo king Biridija to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#244 </th><td> Megiddo king Biridija to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#245 </th><td> Megiddo king Biridija to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#246 </th><td> Megiddo king Biridija to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#247 </th><td> Megiddo king Biridija or Jasdata </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#248 </th><td> [[Jasdata|Ja[sd]ata]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#248 </th><td> Megiddo king Biridija to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#249 </th><td> </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#249 </th><td> [[Addu-Ur-sag]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#250 </th><td> Addu-Ur-sag to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#2500</th><td> [[Shechem]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#251 </th><td> ... to Egypt official </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#252 </th><td> [[Labaja]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#253 </th><td> Labaja to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#254 </th><td> Labaja to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#255 </th><td> [[Mut-Balu]] or [[Mut-Bahlum]] to king
</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#256 </th><td> Mut-Balu to Ianhamu </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#257 </th><td> [[Balu-Mihir]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#258 </th><td> Balu-Mihir to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#259 </th><td> Balu-Mihir to king #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#260 </th><td> Balu-Mihir to king #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#261 </th><td> [[Dasru]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#262 </th><td> Dasru to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#263 </th><td> ... to lord </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#264 </th><td> [[Gezer]] leader [[Tagi]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#265 </th><td> Gezer leader Tagi to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#266 </th><td> Gezer leader Tagi to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#267 </th><td> Gezer mayor [[Milkili]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#268 </th><td> Gezer mayor Milkili to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#269 </th><td> Gezer mayor Milkili to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#270 </th><td> Gezer mayor Milkili to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#271 </th><td> Gezer mayor Milkili to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#272 </th><td> Sum. .. to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#273 </th><td> [Ba-Lat-Nese]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#274 </th><td> Ba-Lat-Nese to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#275 </th><td> [[Iahazibada]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#276 </th><td> Iahazibada to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#277 </th><td> [[Qiltu]] king [[Suwardata]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#278 </th><td> Qiltu king Suwardata to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#279 </th><td> Qiltu king Suwardata to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#280 </th><td> Qiltu king Suwardata to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#281 </th><td> Qiltu king Suwardata to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#282 </th><td> Qiltu king Suwardata to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#283 </th><td> Qiltu king Suwardata to pharaoh #6 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#284 </th><td> Qiltu king Suwardata to pharaoh #7 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#285 </th><td> [[Jerusalem]] king [[Abdi-Hiba]] to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#286 </th><td> Jerusalem king AbdiHiba to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#287 </th><td> Jerusalem king AbdiHiba to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#288 </th><td> Jerusalem king AbdiHiba to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#289 </th><td> Jerusalem king AbdiHiba to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#290 </th><td> Jerusalem king AbdiHiba to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#290 </th><td> Qiltu king Suwardata to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#291 </th><td> ... to ... </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#292 </th><td> [[Gezer]] mayor [[Addudani]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#293 </th><td> Gezer mayor Addudani to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#294 </th><td> Gezer mayor Addudani to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#295 </th><td> </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#295 </th><td> Gezer mayor Addudani to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#296 </th><td> [[Gaza]] king [[Iahtiri]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#297 </th><td> [[Gezer]] mayor [[Iapahi|Iapah[i]]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#298 </th><td> Gezer mayor Iapahi to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#299 </th><td> Gezer mayor Iapahi to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#300 </th><td> Gezer mayor Iapahi to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#301 </th><td> [[Subandu]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#302 </th><td> Subandu to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#303 </th><td> Subandu to king #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#304 </th><td> Subandu to king #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#305 </th><td> Subandu to king #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#306 </th><td> Subandu to king #6 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#307 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#308 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#309 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#310 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#311 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#312 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#313 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#314 </th><td> [[Jursa]] king [[Pu-Ba-Lu]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#315 </th><td> Jursa king PuBaLu to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#316 </th><td> Jursa king PuBaLu to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#317 </th><td> [[Dagantakala]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#318 </th><td> Dagantakala to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#319 </th><td> [[Ahtirumna|A[h]tirumna]] king [[Zurasar]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#320 </th><td> [[Asqalon]] king [[Widia]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#321 </th><td> Asqalon king Widia to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#322 </th><td> Asqalon king Widia to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#323 </th><td> Asqalon king Widia to pharaoh #4 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#324 </th><td> Asqalon king Widia to pharaoh #5 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#325 </th><td> Asqalon king Widia to pharaoh #6 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#326 </th><td> Asqalon king Widia to pharaoh #7 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#327 </th><td> ... the king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#328 </th><td> [[Lakis]] mayor [[Iabniilu]] to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#329 </th><td> Lakis king [[Zimridi]] to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#330 </th><td> Lakis mayor [[Sipti-Ba-Lu]] to pharaoh #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#331 </th><td> Lakis mayor SiptiBaLu to pharaoh #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#332 </th><td> Lakis mayor SiptiBaLu to pharaoh #3 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#333 </th><td> [[Ebi]] to a prince </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#334 </th><td> ---dih of Zuhra [-?] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#335 </th><td> --- [of Z]uhr[u] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#336 </th><td> [[Hiziri]] to king #1 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#337 </th><td> Hiziri to king #2 </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#338 </th><td> Zi. .. to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#339 </th><td> ... to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#340 </th><td> ... </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#341 </th><td> ... </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#342 </th><td> ... </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#356 </th><td> myth of Adapa and the South Wind </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#357 </th><td> myth the Ereskigal and Nergal </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#358 </th><td> myth fragments </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#359 </th><td> myth Epic of king of Battle </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#360 </th><td> ... </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#361 </th><td> ...
</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#364 </th><td> [[Aiab]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#365 </th><td> [[Megiddo]] king [[Biridiya]] to pharaoh </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#367 </th><td> pharaoh to [[Endaruta]] of [[Akshapa]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> EA#xxx </th><td> [[Amenhotep III]] to [[Milkili]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> H#3100 </th><td> [[Tell el-Hesi]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> P#3200 </th><td> [[Pella]] prince [[Mut-Balu]] to [[Yanhamu]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> P#3210 </th><td> [[Lion Woman]] to king </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> T#3002 </th><td> [[Amenhotep]] to [[Taanach]] king [[Rewassa]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> T#3005 </th><td> Amenhotep to Taanach king Rewassa </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> T#3006 </th><td> Amenhotep to Taanach king Rewassa </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><th> U#4001 </th><td> [[Ugarit]] king [[Niqmaddu]] </td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</table>
</div></center>
===Chronology===
[[William L. Moran]] summarizes the state of the [[chronology]] of these tablets as follows:
{{quote|Despite a long history of inquiry, the chronology of the Amarna letters, both relative and absolute, presents many problems, some of bewildering complexity, that still elude definitive solution. Consensus obtains only about what is obvious, certain established facts, and these provide only a broad framework within which many and often quite different reconstructions of the course of events reflected in the Amarna letters are possible and have been defended. ...The Amarna archive, it is now generally agreed, spans at most about thirty years, perhaps only fifteen or so.<ref>Moran, op. cit., p.xxxiv</ref>|}}
From the internal evidence, the earliest possible date for this correspondence is the final decade of the reign of [[Amenhotep III]], who ruled from 1388 (or 1391) BC to 1351 (or 1353) BC, possibly as early as this king's 30th [[regnal year]]; the latest date any of these letters were written is the desertion of the city of [[Amarna]], commonly believed to have happened in the second year of the reign of [[Tutankhamun]] later in the same century in 1332 BC. Moran notes that some scholars believe one tablet, EA 16, may have been addressed to Tutankhamun's successor [[Ay]]<ref>Moran, op. cit., p.xxxv, n.123</ref> However, this speculation appears improbable because the Amarna archives were closed by Year 2 of Tutankhamun when this king transferred Egypt's capital from Amarna To Thebes.
==See also==
{{Ancient Egypt portal}}
{{ANE portal}}
*[[Abdi-Heba]]
*[[Labaya]]
*[[Ashur-uballit I]]
*See the town of "Lakiša", [[Lachish]], for "find" of one tablet, EA 333.
*[[Amarna letters–localities and their rulers]]
==Bibliography==
==References==
{{commons|Category:Amarna letters}}
{{reflist}}
===Research and Analysis===
*Goren, Y., [[Israel Finkelstein|Finkelstein]], I. & Na'aman, N., ''Inscribed in Clay - Provenance Study of the Amarna Tablets and Other Ancient Near Eastern Texts'', Tel Aviv: Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, 2004. ISBN 965-266-020-5
==External links==
*[http://www.specialtyinterests.net/eae.html Encyclopedia of el-Amarna] Contains summaries of the letters.
*[http://www.tau.ac.il/humanities/archaeology/projects/amarna.html Mineralogical and Chemical Study of the Amarna Tablets - Provenance Study of the Amarna Tablets] – University of Tel Aviv web page
*[http://cdli.ucla.edu/dl/photo/P135963.jpg All 6 views on 1--Sample letter(Mesopotamian)]
*[http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~veldhuis/ Article explanation of 6 views of a Tablet-letter.]
*{{CathEncy|wstitle=The Tell el-Amarna Tablets}}
[[Category:Amarna letters|*]]
[[Category:Akkadian literature]]
[[Category:Historical documents]]
[[Category:Atenism]]
[[Category:Corpora]]
[[ar:رسائل تل العمارنة]]
[[ast:Cartes d'Armana]]
[[ca:Cartes d'Amarna]]
[[de:Amarna-Briefe]]
[[es:Cartas de Amarna]]
[[fr:Lettres d'Amarna]]
[[gl:Cartas de Amarna]]
[[hi:अमर्ण पत्र]]
[[hr:Pisma iz Amarne]]
[[he:מכתבי תל אל-עמארנה]]
[[hu:Amarna-levelek]]
[[nl:Amarna-brieven]]
[[ja:アマルナ文書]]
[[no:Amarnabrevene]]
[[pl:Listy z Amarna]]
[[pt:Cartas de Amarna]]
[[ro:Scrisorile de la Amarna]]
[[sv:Amarnabreven]]
[[ta:அமர்னா நிருபங்கள்]]