Ammonium hydrosulfide 2088217 216092964 2008-05-31T01:18:31Z Armadillo1985 7215907 removed the CAS number for Ammonium Sulfide (NH4)2S, which is a different chemical than Ammonium Hydrosulfide (NH4)HS {{Chembox new | Name = Ammonium hydrosulfide | IUPACName = ammonium hydrosulfide | OtherNames = ammonium bisulfide<br />ammonium hydrogen sulfide | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASOther = [12124-99-1] | RTECS = BS4900000 <!-- Ammonium Sulfide (NH4)2S CAS = [12135-76-1] has its own article and is actually a different molecule than Ammonium HydroSulfide (NH4)HS --> }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = H<sub>5</sub>NS | MolarMass = 51.111 g/mol | Appearance = Yellow-orange fuming liquid. | Density = ? g/ml | Solubility = Infinitely soluble | MeltingPt = | BoilingPt = | pKb = }} | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | ExternalMSDS = | MainHazards = Toxic | NFPA-H = 3 | NFPA-F = 3 | NFPA-R = | FlashPt = | RPhrases = {{R11}}, {{R23}}, {{R24}}, {{R25}}. | SPhrases = }}| Section8 = {{Chembox Related | OtherAnions = [[Ammonium sulfate]] | OtherCations = [[Sodium hydrosulfide]] }} }} '''Ammonium hydrosulfide''' is the [[chemical compound]] with the [[Chemical formula|formula]] (NH<sub>4</sub>)SH. It is the [[salt]] derived from the [[ammonium]] [[cation]] and the [[hydrosulfide]] [[anion]]. By passing hydrogen sulfide mixed with a slight excess of ammonia gives the colourless, [[mica]]ceous crystals. It dissolves readily in water but is partially dissociated in solution. The compound is encountered mainly as a solution, not as the salt. It is corrosive agent in oil refineries, where it is generated in the handling of [[hydrogen sulfide]]. ==History== Ammonium sulfide is commercially available as an aqueous solution, though it is rather expensive. It can also be prepared by passing [[hydrogen sulfide]] gas through concentrated [[ammonia]] solution, and warming the flask slightly.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Goodman, J. T.; Rauchfuss, T. B., | title = Tetraethylammonium-tetrathioperrhenate [Et<sub>4</sub>N][ReS<sub>4</sub>] | journal = [[Inorganic Syntheses]] | year = 2002 | volume = 33 | pages = 107–110}}</ref> A 1895 report describes that passing hydrogen sulfide into a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution at ordinary temperature gives (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S·2NH<sub>4</sub>HS, which, on cooling to 0 °C and adding more hydrogen sulfide forms (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S·12NH<sub>4</sub>HS.<ref>{{cite journal | author = W. P. Bloxam | title = The Sulphides and Polysulphides of Ammonium | journal = [[J. Chem. Soc., Trans.]] | year = 1895 | volume = 67 | pages = 283 | doi = 10.1039/CT8956700277}}</ref> An ice-cold solution of this substance kept at 0°C and having hydrogen sulfide continually passed through it gives the hydrosulfide. As noted also by the Bloxam paper, several complex polysulfides of ammonium can be isolated. Such species arise via the addition of elemental sulfur to "ammonium sulfide:" : 2 (NH<sub>4</sub>)SH + 1/2 S<sub>8</sub><math>\overrightarrow{\leftarrow}</math> (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>S ==Stink bombs== The common "[[stink bomb]]" consists of a solution of ammonium sulfide in water, sealed inside a glass ampoule. When the glass is broken, [[ammonia]] and [[hydrogen sulfide]] gases, both of which have a powerful unpleasant smell, are released from the solution. This conversion illustrates the ease of the following equilibrium: : (NH<sub>4</sub>)SH<math>\overrightarrow{\leftarrow}</math> NH<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>S ==Occurrence on gas giants== In addition to [[water]] and [[ammonia]], the clouds in the atmospheres of the [[gas giant]] planets contain ammonium sulfides. The reddish-brownish clouds, which have been exposed to prolonged sunlight are attributed to [[polysulfides]].<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-54256/Jupiter Jupiter :: Cloud composition - Britannica Online Encyclopedia<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ==References== <references/> [[Category:Ammonium compounds]] [[Category:Sulfides]] {{inorganic-compound-stub}} [[ar:بيكبريتيد أمونيوم]] [[de:Ammoniumsulfid]] [[fi:Ammoniumsulfidi]] [[simple:Ammonium sulfide]] [[zh:硫化铵]]