Anderlecht 152336 225651099 2008-07-14T19:05:46Z Thijs!bot 1392310 robot Adding: [[simple:Anderlecht]] {{Infobox Belgium Municipality |name=Anderlecht |picture= |picture-width= 260px |picture-legend= |map=Anderlecht.png |map-legend=Anderlecht municipality in the Brussels-Capital Region |arms=Anderlecht.jpg |flag=Flag of Anderlecht.svg |flag_link=Symbols of Brussels#Municipalities |arms_link=Symbols of Brussels#Municipalities |region={{BE-REG-BRU}} |community={{BE-FR}}<br />{{BE-NL}} |province= |arrondissement=Brussels |nis=21001 |pyramid-date=01/01/2006 |0-19=25.78 |20-64=57.62 |65=16.61 |foreigners=23.26 |foreigners-date=01/07/2005 |mayor=[[Gaëtan Van Goidsenhoven]] (MR) |majority=LB - [[Socialist Party (francophone Belgium)|PS]]-[[SP.A]]-[[Humanist Democratic Centre|CDH]] |postal-codes=1070 |telephone-area=02 |web=[http://www.anderlecht.be/ www.anderlecht.be] |lat_deg=50 |lat_min=50 |lon_deg=04 |lon_min=20 }} :''This article is about the region of Belgium, for the football club, see [[R.S.C. Anderlecht]] . '''Anderlecht''' is one of the nineteen [[Municipalities in Belgium|municipalities]] located in the [[Brussels-Capital Region]] of [[Belgium]]. There are several historically and architecturally distinct districts within the Anderlecht [[municipality]]. One of the most interesting ones is called ''[[Het Rad]]'' (in [[Dutch language|Dutch]]) or ''La Roue'' (in [[French language|French]]). ==History== ===Origins and medieval times=== The first traces of human activity on the right bank of the [[Senne]] date from the [[Stone Age]] and [[Bronze Age]]. The remnants of a [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] [[villa]] and of a [[Frankish]] [[necropolis]] were also found on the territory of Anderlecht. The first mention of the name Anderlecht, however, dates only from 1047 under the forms ''Anrelech'', then ''Andrelet'' (1111), ''Andreler'' (1148), and ''Anderlech'' (1186). At that time, this community was already home to a [[chapter (religion)|chapter]] of [[canon (priest)|canons]] and to two feudal [[Manorialism|manors]], those of the powerful [[lord]]s of Aa and of Anderlecht. In 1356, [[Louis II of Flanders|Louis of Male, Count of Flanders]] fought against [[Brussels]] on the territory of Anderlecht, in the so-called Battle of ''Scheut'', supposedly over a monetary matter. Although he defeated his sister-in-law, [[Joanna, Duchess of Brabant]], and briefly took her title, she regained it the following year with the help of [[Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor]]. In 1393, Joanna’s [[charter]] made Anderlecht a part of [[Brussels]]. It is also around this time that the church of [[Guy of Anderlecht|Saint Guido]] was rebuilt above the earlier [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] [[crypt]] in the [[Gothic architecture|Brabant Gothic]] style. [[Image:AnderlechtStGuido.jpg|thumb|left|Collegial Church of St. Peter and St. Guido|220px]] ===15th century until now=== The city of Anderlecht became a beacon of culture in the 15th and 16th century. In 1521, [[Desiderius Erasmus|Erasmus]] lived in the canons’ house for a few months. [[Charles, Duke of Aumale]] and [[Grand Veneur of France]] also had a residence here. The 17th and 18th century were marked by the wars between the [[Low Countries]] and [[France]]. On [[November 13]], [[1792]], right after the [[Battle of Jemappes]], [[Charles François Dumouriez|General Dumouriez]] and the [[French Revolution]]ary army routed the [[Austria]]ns here once again. Among the consequences were the disbanding of the canons and Anderlecht being proclaimed an independent commune by the French. The 19th century saw a remarkable population growth, mainly because of the proximity to a rapidly expanding Brussels. Remarkable new urban developments and garden cities such as ''[[Het Rad]]'' and ''Moortenbeek'' were built at the beginning of the 20th century to house the influx of newcomers. Today, the name Anderlecht rings a bell in every Belgian ear thanks to its very successful [[R.S.C. Anderlecht|football club]]. ==Events== The annual Anderlecht fair, originally a cattle fair, was authorized by [[William II of the Netherlands]] in 1825. Since then, it has taken the form of a series of celebrations, which still include animal shows but also outdoors exhibitions, a floral show, and the recreation of a religious [[procession]] in honor of [[Guy of Anderlecht|Saint Guido]]. ==Sights== [[Image:Cité de Moortebeek 04.JPG|thumb|right|Moortebeek city|220px]] *The Collegial Church of Saint Peter and Saint Guido is still at the centre of the city. Its [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] [[crypt]] dates from the 10th century and is one of the oldest in Belgium. Most of the church, however, dates from 1350 and later. *Right next to the church, the old [[beguinage]] is home to a local historical museum. *The “House of Erasmus”, built around 1450, and its medicinal garden can be visited nearby. *Anderlecht also offers the [[Cantillon Brewery]] - a [[gueuze]] museum housed in an actual working [[brewery]], and a [[China]] museum, housed in a [[convent]]. ==Famous inhabitants== *[[Desiderius Erasmus]], [[Humanism|humanist]] and [[theologian]] (1466-1536) *[[Philippe Thys]], [[cyclist]] and three-time champion of the [[Tour de France]] (1890-1971) *[[Maurice Carême]], [[poet]] (1899-1978) *[[Régine Zylberberg|Régine]], [[singer]] and inventor of the [[discothèque]] (b. 1929) *[[Henri Simonet]], [[politician]] and [[mayor]] (1931-1996) *[[William Vance]], [[comic book]] artist (b. 1935) *[[Jacques Simonet]], politician and mayor (1963-2007) ==Sports== Anderlecht is the home of the football club [[R.S.C. Anderlecht]], the most successful Belgian football team in European competition as well as in the [[Jupiler League|domestic league]]. ==Twin cities== *{{FRA}}: [[Boulogne-Billancourt]] *{{GER}}: [[Neukölln]] *{{UK}}: [[Hammersmith]] and [[Fulham]] *{{NLD}}: [[Zaandam]] *{{ITA}}: [[Marino, Italy|Marino]] ==Sources== {{Commonscat|Anderlecht}} *[http://www.anderlecht.be/ Official site of Anderlecht] (only in [[French language|French]] or [[Dutch language|Dutch]]) * [http://twitter.com/BreakingNewsOn/statuses/104191222 Mayor Jacques Simonet passed away] {{Brussels-Capital_Region}} [[Category:Cities and towns in Belgium]] [[Category:Municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region]] [[Category:Romanesque sites in Belgium]] [[bs:Anderleht]] [[br:Anderlecht]] [[bg:Андерлехт]] [[ca:Anderlecht]] [[cs:Anderlecht]] [[de:Anderlecht]] [[es:Anderlecht]] [[eo:Anderlecht]] [[fr:Anderlecht]] [[ko:안더레흐트]] [[id:Anderlecht]] [[it:Anderlecht]] [[la:Anderlacum]] [[li:Anderlech]] [[hu:Anderlecht]] [[nl:Anderlecht]] [[pl:Anderlecht]] [[ro:Anderlecht]] [[ru:Андерлехт]] [[simple:Anderlecht]] [[sv:Anderlecht]] [[vo:Anderlecht]] [[wa:Anderlek]]