Anglo
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{{Wiktionarypar|anglo}}
The term '''Anglo''' is used as a prefix to indicate a relation to the [[Angles]], [[England]] or the [[English people]], as in the phrases '[[Anglo-Saxon]]', '[[English American|Anglo-American]]', '[[Anglo-Celtic]]', and '[[Anglo-Indian]]'. It is often used alone, somewhat loosely, to refer to a person or people of [[English people|English]] [[ethnicity]] in the [[Americas|The Americas]], [[Australia]] and [[Southern Africa]]. It is also used, both in [[English language|English-speaking]] and non-English-speaking countries, to refer to [[Anglophone]] people of other [[Europe]]an origins.
Anglo is a [[Late Latin]] [[Prefix (linguistics)|prefix]] used to denote "[[England|English]]-" in conjunction with another [[toponym]] or [[demonym]]. The word is [[Etymology|derived]] from [[Anglia]], the Latin name for [[England]], and still the modern name of its eastern region. Anglia and England both mean "Land of the [[Angles]]", a [[Germanic peoples|Germanic]] people originating in the north [[Germany|German]] [[peninsula]] of [[Angeln]].
Anglo is not a technical term.{{Fact|date=February 2008}} There are [[linguistic]] problems with using the word as an adjective or noun on its own. For example, the 'o' in Anglo means 'and' ([[Anglo-Saxon]] means of [[Angles|Angle]] and [[Saxons|Saxon]] origin), so there is only an apparent parallelism between, for example, "[[Latino (demonym)|Latino]]" and "Anglo". However, a [[semantic change]] has taken place in many English-speaking regions, so that in informal usage the meanings listed below are valid.
==Specialized usage==
===Australia===
{{main|Anglo-Celtic Australian}}
In Australia, "Anglo" is used as part of the terms ''Anglo-Australian'' and ''[[Anglo-Celtic]]'', which refer to the majority of Australians, who are of British and/or [[Irish people|Irish]] descent.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/94713ad445ff1425ca25682000192af2/49f609c83cf34d69ca2569de0025c182!OpenDocument |title=1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 1995 |accessdate=2008-06-24}}</ref>
===Canada===
In [[Canada]], and especially in [[Canadian French]], the term [[anglophone]] is widely used to designate someone whose everyday language is English, as contrasted to [[francophone]] whose everyday language is [[French language|French]] and [[Allophone (Canadian usage)|allophone]]s, those with a different [[mother tongue]]. In Quebec, the word refers to [[English-speaking Quebecer]]s in both English and French. [[Anglo-Metis]] is also sometimes used to refer to a historical ethnic group.
===Israel===
Immigrants from English-speaking countries were referred to as ''Anglo-Saxonim'', and now sometimes shortened to ''Anglo''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/LiArt.jhtml?contrassID=2&subContrassID=16&sbSubContrassID=0 |title=Israel Anglo File news, Israel diplomatic map}}</ref>
===New Zealand===
''Anglo'' in [[New Zealand]] refers to anyone who's of British (Anglo-Celtic) ancestry, although the more popular term for them, as well as for any white New Zealander, is [[Pākehā]], a [[Maori]] term used by the indigenous [[Polynesia]]n people.
===Scotland===
{{main|Anglo-Scot}}
In [[Scotland]] the term [[Anglo-Scot]], often shortened to "Anglo", is used to refer to people born in [[England]] with Scottish ancestry, or people born in Scotland with English ancestry.
===Southern Africa===
{{main|Anglo-African}}
In [[South Africa]], ''Anglo-South African''{{Fact|date=March 2008}} is used for predominantly British-descended, English-speaking white people, who are contrasted with the [[Dutch people|Dutch]]-descended [[Afrikaner]]s. Use of ''Anglo'' occurs elsewhere in former [[British Empire|British colonies]] in [[Africa]] which have sizable British communities, including [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], and [[Kenya]]. However, the term "Anglo" is more heavily used in [[South Africa]] than in these other countries because of [[Apartheid]] and the importance it placed on [[Race (classification of human beings)|race]].{{Fact|date=April 2008}}
===United States===
{{main|Anglo-America}}
In the [[United States]], ''Anglo'' refers to [[White American]]s who are not of [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]] or [[French American|French]] descent.<ref name=dictionary.com>{{cite web | url = http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Anglo | title = Anglo - Definitions from Dictionary.com; American Heritage Dictionary | accessdate = 2008-03-29 | quote = Usage Note: In contemporary American usage, Anglo is used primarily in direct contrast to Hispanic or Latino. In this context it is not limited to persons of English or even British descent, but can be generally applied to any non-Hispanic white person. Thus in parts of the United States with large Hispanic populations, an American of Polish, Irish, or German heritage might be termed an Anglo just as readily as a person of English descent. However, in parts of the country where the Hispanic community is smaller or nonexistent, or in areas where ethnic distinctions among European groups remain strong, Anglo has little currency as a catch-all term for non-Hispanic whites. · Anglo is also used in non-Hispanic contexts. In Canada, where its usage dates at least to 1800, the distinction is between persons of English and French descent. And in American historical contexts Anglo is apt to be used more strictly to refer to persons of English heritage, as in this passage describing the politics of nation-building in pre-Revolutionary America: "The 'unity' of the American people derived ... from the ability and willingness of an Anglo elite to stamp its image on other peoples coming to this country" (Benjamin Schwarz). |publisher= Lexico Publishing Group, LLC}}</ref> The term is used without regard to whether or not they are of English descent. Many people included in the definition do not identify themselves as "Anglo", and some may find the term offensive. For example, some [[Irish American]]s may resist the term because of historic tension with England.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.elandar.com/back/www-march96/andar/feature/feature.htm | title = El Andar: Feature Story |date = March, 1996}} {{cite web | url = http://www.geocities.com/fountoftruth/anglo.html |title = letter to the editor, ''The Arizona Republic''| date = 1992-08-04}}</ref> As might other distinctly Celtic people, such as the Welsh or Scots, for the same reason, or those of ethnic origins completely unrelated, such as Russians who find themselves conveniently labeled in this way.
==References==
{{reflist}}
==See also==
*[[Anglosphere]]
*[[Anglo-African]]
*[[Anglo-Burmese people|Anglo-Burmese]]
*[[Anglo-Celtic]]
*[[Anglo-Indian]]
*[[Anglo-Irish]]
*[[Anglophile]], [[Anglophobe]]
*[[Anglophone]]
*[[Anglo-Saxon]]
*[[Anglo-Scottish border]]
*[[Anglo-Scot]]
*[[Anglo-Boer War]]
[[Category:England]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Australia]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Canada]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in India]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in the United States]]
[[Category:Mexican-American history]]