Antepartum haemorrhage
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212141978
2008-05-13T16:41:37Z
213.255.211.252
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|O|46||o|30}}
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|641}}
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In [[obstetrics]], '''antepartum haemorrhage''' ([[APH]]), also '''prepartum hemorrhage''', is bleeding from the [[vagina]] during [[pregnancy]] from twenty eight weeks [[gestational age]] to term.
It should be considered a [[medical emergency]] (regardless of whether there is [[pain]]) and medical attention should be sought immediately, as if it is left untreated it can lead to [[death]] of the mother and/or [[fetus]].
It can be associated with reduced fetal birth weight.<ref name="pmid15512459">{{cite journal |author=Lam CM, Wong SF, Chow KM, Ho LC |title=Women with placenta praevia and antepartum haemorrhage have a worse outcome than those who do not bleed before delivery |journal=Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=27–31 |year=2000 |pmid=15512459 |doi=10.1080/01443610063417}}</ref>
Bleeding without pain is most frequently [[bloody show]], which is benign; however, it may also be placenta previa (in which both the mother and fetus are in danger). Painful APH is most frequency placental abruption.
==Differential diagnosis of APH==
* [[Bloody show]] (benign) - most common cause of APH
* [[Placental abruption]] - most common [[pathology|pathological]] cause
* [[Placenta previa]] - second most common pathological cause
* [[Vasa previa]] - often difficult to diagnose, frequently leads to fetal demise
* [[Uterine rupture]]
* Bleeding from the lower genital tract
** Cervical bleeding - [[cervicitis]], [[cervical neoplasm]], [[cervical polyp]]
** Bleeding from the vagina itself - trauma, neoplasm
* Bleeding that may be confused with vaginal bleeding
** [[GI bleed]] - [[hemorrhoids]], [[inflammatory bowel disease]]
** [[Urinary tract]] bleed - [[urinary tract infection]]
==References==
<references/>
==See also==
* [[Obstetrical hemorrhage]]
==External links==
* {{GPnotebook|684720129}}
{{Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium}}
[[Category:Obstetrics]]
[[fr:Hémorragie du troisième trimestre]]