Anthology
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An '''anthology''', literally a "garland" or "collection of flowers", is a collection of literary works, originally of [[poem]]s. In [[genre]] [[fiction]] and especially [[science fiction]], ''anthology'' is used to categorize collections of shorter works such as [[short story|short stories]] and short [[novel]]s, usually collected into a single volume for publication.
The word derives from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word for [[garland]] — or [[bouquet]] of flowers — which was the title of the earliest surviving anthology, assembled by [[Meleager of Gadara]]. Meleager's ''Garland'' became the seed that grew into the [[Greek Anthology]]. The term '''miscellany''' is also used, but was more common in the past.
In medieval Europe the term ''florilegium'', again meaning a collection of flowers, was used for an anthology of Latin proverbs and textual excerpts.
In [[music]], the term refers to a collection of works by an artist with a long and varied career. While the definition would include typical "[[greatest hits]]" sets, the term is used as a [[marketing]] device to indicate a collection that can include a performer's best-known songs along with lesser known pieces, demos, live recordings, unreleased work, etc such as ''[[The Beatles Anthology]]'' in the 1990s, which also had a television series connected to it.
The term is also applied to a radio or TV programs, [[movies]], [[comic books]] and other such media featuring a variety of different stories. Examples of [[anthology drama|radio anthologies]] are ''[[Suspense (radio program)|Suspense]]'' and ''[[Escape (radio program)|Escape]]''. Examples of TV anthologies are ''[[The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)|The Twilight Zone]]'', ''[[The Outer Limits]]'', ''[[Tales from the Darkside]]'' and ''[[Tales from the Crypt (TV series)|Tales from the Crypt]]'', which was not only an [[HBO]] series but also a movie anthology, both based on the [[EC Comics|EC]] [[horror fiction|horror]]-comic anthology. Other examples of anthology films are ''[[Four Rooms]]'' and ''[[The Cat o' Nine Tails]]''.
In [[East Asian]] tradition, an anthology was a recognised form of compilation of a given [[poetic form]]. It was assumed that there was a cyclic development: any particular form, say the ''[[Tanka (poetry)|tanka]]'' in [[Japan]], would be introduced at one point in history, be explored by masters during a subsequent time, and finally be subject to popularisation (and a certain dilution) when it achieved wide-spread recognition. In this model, which derives from Chinese tradition, the object of compiling an anthology was to preserve the best of a form, and cull the rest.
In [[Malaysia]], an anthology (or ''antologi'' in [[Malay language|Malay]]) is a collection of ''syair'', ''sajak'' (or modern prose), [[prose]]s, [[drama]] scripts, and [[pantun]]s. Notable anthologies that are used in [[secondary school]]s include [[Education in Malaysia|''Sehijau Warna Daun'', ''Seuntai Kata Untuk Dirasa'', ''Anak Bumi Tercinta'', ''Anak Laut'' and ''Kerusi'']].
In the twentieth century, anthologies became an important part of poetry publishing, for a number of reasons. For [[English poetry]], the ''[[Georgian poetry]]'' series was trend-setting; it showed the potential success of publishing an identifiable group of younger poets marked out as a 'generation'. It was followed by numerous collections from the 'stable' of some literary editor, or collated from a given publication, or labelled in some fashion as 'poems of the year'. Academic publishing also followed suit, with the success of the [[Quiller-Couch]] [[Oxford Book of English Verse]] encouraging other collections not limited to modern poetry. In fact the concept of 'modern verse' was fostered by the appearance of the phrase in titles such as the [[Faber & Faber]] anthology by [[Michael Roberts]], and the very different [[William Butler Yeats]] [[Oxford Book of Modern Verse]].
Since publishers generally found anthology publication a more flexible medium than the collection of a single poet's work, and indeed rang innumerable changes on the idea as a way of marketing poetry, publication in an anthology (in the right company) became at times a sought-after form of recognition for poets. The self-definition of movements, dating back at least to [[Ezra Pound]]'s efforts on behalf of [[Imagism]], could be linked on one front to the production of an anthology of the like-minded.
[[Category:Literature about literature]]
[[Category:Literary terms]]
[[Category:Poems]]
[[Category:Poetry]]
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