Antimony trichloride
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2008-06-29T09:54:18Z
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robot Adding: [[zh:三氯化銻]]
{{Chembox new
| Name = Antimony trichloride
| ImageFile = SbCl3.png
| ImageSize = 150px
| ImageName = Antimony trichloride
| OtherNames = butter of antimony
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 10025-91-9
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = SbCl<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 228.11 g/mol
| Appearance = colorless solid<br />sharp, pungent odor
| Density = 3.140 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid
| Solubility = 600g /100mL
| Solvent = [[Organic solvent]]s
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[ABS alcohol]]<br />soluble in [[tartaric acid]]<br />soluble in [[methylene chloride]]<br />soluble in [[benzene]]<br />soluble in [[acetone]].
| MeltingPt = 73.4°C
| BoilingPt = 222.6°C
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = not listed
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-R = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
}}
}}
'''Antimony trichloride''' is the [[chemical compound]] with the [[chemical formula|formula]] [[Antimony|Sb]][[Chlorine|Cl<sub>3</sub>]]. This a soft colorless solid was known to the [[alchemy|alchemists]] as '''butter of antimony'''. It has a pungent odor, and on contact with water, it undergoes hydrolysis, forming [[antimony oxychloride]] and releasing [[hydrogen chloride]]. Thus, samples of SbCl<sub>3</sub> must be protected from moisture.
:SbCl<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O → SbOCl + 2HCl
Further indicating its [[Lewis acid]]ity, SbCl<sub>3</sub> forms [[adduct]]s with [[chloride]], e.g. [SbCl<sub>5</sub>]<sup>2−</sup>.<ref>Zarychta, B.; Zaleski, J. "Phase transitions mechanism and distortion of SbCl<sub>6</sub><sup>3−</sup> octahedra in bis(''n''-butylammonium) pentachloroantimonate(III) (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>[SbCl<sub>5</sub>]". ''Z. Naturforsch. B'' '''2006''', ''61'', 1101–1109. [http://www.znaturforsch.com/ab/v61b/61b1101.pdf Abstract (PDF)]</ref>
SbCl<sub>3</sub> is a [[reagent]] for detecting [[vitamin A]] and related [[carotenoid]]s in the [[Carr-Price test]]. The antimony trichloride reacts with the carotenoid to form a blue [[complex (chemistry)|complex]] that can be measured by [[colorimetry]].
Antimony trichloride has also been used to enhance the ''louche'' effect in [[absinthe]]. It has been used in the past to dissolve and remove horn stubs from calves without having to cut them off.
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Chlorides]]
[[Category:Antimony compounds]]
[[Category:Inorganic compound stubs]]
[[Category:Alchemical substances]]
{{inorganic-compound-stub}}
[[ar:كلوريد أنتيموان ثلاثي]]
[[de:Antimon(III)-chlorid]]
[[it:Cloruro di antimonio]]
[[ja:塩化アンチモン]]
[[pl:Chlorek antymonu(III)]]
[[zh:三氯化銻]]