April 20
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225983005
2008-07-16T09:20:24Z
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Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/Starkie968|Starkie968]] to last version by PseudoBot (using [[WP:HG|Huggle]])
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==Events==
*[[1303]] - The [[University of Rome La Sapienza]] is instituted by [[Pope Boniface VIII]].
*[[1534]] - [[Jacques Cartier]] begins his voyage, in which he will discover [[Canada]] and [[Labrador]].
*[[1653]] - [[Oliver Cromwell]] dissolves the [[Rump Parliament]].
*[[1657]] - [[Admiral Robert Blake]] destroys a [[Spain|Spanish]] silver fleet under heavy fire at [[Santa Cruz de Tenerife]].
* 1657 - [[Freedom of religion]] is granted to the [[Jew]]s of [[New Amsterdam]] (later [[New York City]]).
*[[1689]] - The former [[Monarch|King]] [[James II of England]], now deposed, lays siege to [[Derry]].
*[[1775]] - [[American Revolutionary War]]: the [[siege of Boston]] begins, which followed the first battles at [[Battles of Lexington and Concord|Lexington and Concord]].
*[[1792]] - [[France]] declares war on [[Austria]], the beginning of [[French Revolutionary Wars]].
*[[1810]] - The Governors of [[Caracas]] declares the national sovereignty from [[Spain]].
*[[1828]] - [[René Caillié]] is first non-Muslim to enter [[Timbouctou]].
*[[1836]] - [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] passes an act creating the [[Wisconsin Territory]].
*[[1861]] - [[American Civil War]]: [[Robert E. Lee]] resigns his commission in the [[United States Army]] in order to command the forces of the state of [[Virginia]].
*[[1862]] - The first [[pasteurization]] test completed by [[Louis Pasteur]] and [[Claude Bernard]].
*[[1871]] - [[Civil Rights Act of 1871]]
*[[1884]] - [[Pope Leo XIII]] publishes the [[encyclical]], ''[[Humanum Genus]]''.
<!-- the birth of Hitler is already in the births section-->
*[[1902]] - [[Pierre Curie|Pierre]] and [[Maria Sklodowska-Curie|Marie Curie]] refine [[radium]] [[chloride]].
*[[1908]] - Opening day of competition of the [[New South Wales Rugby League]].
*[[1912]] - Opening day for [[baseball]] [[stadium]]s [[Tiger Stadium (Detroit)|Tiger Stadium]] in [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]], [[Michigan]], and [[Fenway Park]] in [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]], [[Massachusetts]].
*[[1914]] - Forty-five men, women, and children die in the [[Ludlow Massacre]] during a [[Colorado]] coal-miner's strike.
*[[1916]] - [[Chicago Cubs]] played their first game at Weeghman Park (currently [[Wrigley Field]]), defeating the [[Cincinnati Reds]] 7-6 in 11 innings
*[[1918]] - [[Manfred von Richthofen]], aka [[The Red Baron]], shoots down his 79th and 80th victims marking his final victories before his death the following day.
*[[1926]] - [[Western Electric]] and [[Warner Bros.]] announce [[Vitaphone]], a process to add sound to film.
*[[1945]] - [[World War II]]: [[United States|US]] troops capture [[Leipzig]], [[Germany]], only to later cede the city to the [[Soviet Union]].
* 1945 - World War II: [[Fuehrerbunker]]: [[Adolf Hitler]] makes his last trip to the surface to award [[Iron Cross]]es to boy soldiers of the [[Hitler Youth]].
*[[1961]] - Failure of the [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]] of US troops against [[Cuba]].
*[[1964]] - [[BBC Two]] launches with the [[power cut]] because of the fire at [[Battersea Power Station]].
*[[1967]] - A Globe Air [[Bristol Britannia]] turboprop crashes at [[Nicosia]], [[Cyprus]], killing 126.
*[[1968]] - A [[South African Airways]] [[Boeing]] 707 crashes during takeoff at [[Windhoek]], [[South-West Africa]], killing 122.
* 1968 - [[English people|English]] politician [[Enoch Powell]] makes his controversial [[Rivers of Blood speech]].
*[[1972]] - [[Apollo 16]] lands on the [[Moon]].
*[[1978]] - [[Korean Air Flight 902]] shot down by [[Soviet Union|Soviets]].
*[[1980]] - Climax of [[Berber Spring]] in [[Algeria]] as hundreds of [[Berber people|Berber]] political activists are arrested.
*[[1985]] - [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms|ATF]] raid on [[The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord]] compound in northern [[Arkansas]].
*[[1986]] - Pianist [[Vladimir Horowitz]] performed in his native [[Russia]] for the first time in 61 years.
* 1986 - Professional basketball player [[Michael Jordan]] sets all-time record for points in an NBA playoff game with 63 against the Boston Celtics.
*[[1998]] - [[TAME]] [[Boeing 727]]-200 chartered by [[Air France]] crashes into Cerro El Cable mountain after takeoff from [[Bogotá]], [[Colombia]], killing 53.
* 1998 - [[Germany|German]] terrorist group [[Red Army Faction]] announces their dissolution after 28 years.
*[[1999]] - [[Columbine High School massacre]]: Two gunmen kill 13 people and injure 24 others before committing suicide at [[Columbine High School]] located in [[Jefferson County, Colorado]].
*[[2004]] - In [[Iraq]], 12 mortars are fired on [[Abu Ghraib Prison]] by insurgents, killing 22 detainees and wounding 92.
*[[2007]] - [[Johnson Space Center Shooting]]: A man with a [[handgun]] barricades himself in [[NASA]]'s [[Johnson Space Center]] in [[Houston]], [[Texas]] before killing a male hostage and himself.
*[[2008]] - [[Danica Patrick]] wins the [[Indy Japan 300]] becoming the first female driver in history to win an [[American Championship Car Racing|Indy car]] race.
*2008- Pope Benedict XVI has Papal Mass in Yankee Stadium in New York City
==Births==
*[[702]] - [[Jafar Sadiq]], Muslim scholar (d. [[765]])
*[[1494]] - [[Johannes Agricola]], German Protestant reformer (d. [[1566]])
*[[1586]] - [[Saint Rose of Lima]], Peruvian saint (d. [[1617]])
*[[1633]] - [[Emperor Go-Komyo of Japan]] (d. [[1654]])
*[[1646]] - [[Charles Plumier]], French botanist (d. [[1704]])
*[[1650]] - [[William Bedloe]], English informer (d. [[1680]])
*[[1668]] - [[Yuri Troubetzkoy]], Governor of Belgorod (d. [[1739]])
*[[1718]] - [[David Brainerd]], American missionary (d. [[1747]])
*[[1723]] - [[Cornelius Harnett]], American delegate to the Continental Congress (d. [[1781]])
*[[1745]] - [[Philippe Pinel]], French physician (d. [[1826]])
*[[1808]] - [[Napoleon III of France|Napoleon III]], Emperor of the French (d. [[1873]])
*[[1818]] - [[Heinrich Göbel]], German-born inventor (d. [[1893]])
*[[1826]] - [[Dinah Craik]], English author (d. [[1887]])
*[[1850]] - [[Daniel Chester French]], American sculptor (d. [[1931]])
*[[1851]] - [[Tom Morris, Jr.|Young Tom Morris]], Scottish golfer (d. [[1875]])
*[[1870]] - [[Maulvi Abdul Haq]], ''[[Urdu|Father of Urdu]]'', [[Pakistan]]i scholar (d.[[1961]])
*[[1879]] - [[Paul Poiret]], French couturier (d. [[1944]])
*[[1882]] - [[Holland Smith]], U.S. General (d. [[1967]])
*[[1884]] - [[Princess Beatrice of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] (d. [[1966]])
*[[1889]] - [[Adolf Hitler]], leader of [[Nazi Germany]] from 1933 until his death (d. [[1945]])
* 1889 - [[Albert Jean Amateau]], Turkish-born businessman and social activist (d. [[1996]])
*[[1890]] - [[Maurice Duplessis]], [[Premier of Québec|premier]] of [[Québec]], known as "Le Chef" (d. [[1959]])
*[[1893]] - [[Harold Lloyd]], American actor (d. [[1971]])
* 1893 - [[Edna Parker]], American [[supercentenarian]]
* 1893 - [[Joan Miró]], Spanish painter (d. [[1983]])
*[[1895]] - [[Emile Christian]], American musician (d. [[1973]])
*[[1896]] - [[Wop May]], Canadian aviator (d. [[1952]])
* 1896 - [[Henry de Montherlant]], French writer (d. [[1972]])
*[[1904]] - [[Bruce Cabot]], American actor (d. [[1972]])
* 1904 - [[George Stibitz]], American scientist (d. [[1995]])
*[[1908]] - [[Lionel Hampton]], American musician (d. [[2002]])
*[[1914]] - [[Betty Lou Gerson]], American actress (d. [[1999]])
*[[1915]] - [[Joseph Wolpe]], South African-born psychotherapist (d. [[1997]])
*[[1918]] - [[Edward L. Beach, Jr.]], American naval officer, author (d. [[2002]])
* 1918 - [[Kai Siegbahn]], Swedish physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2007]])
*[[1919]] - [[Richard Hillary]], Australian [[Supermarine Spitfire|Spitfire]] pilot and author (d. [[1943]])
*[[1920]] - [[John Paul Stevens]], U.S. Supreme Court Justice
* 1920 - [[Ronald Speirs]], WWII Veteran (d. [[2007]])
*[[1921]] - [[Janine Sutto]], French Canadian actress
*[[1923]] - [[Mother Angelica]], American nun and broadcaster
* 1923 - [[Tito Puente]], American musician (d. [[2000]])
*[[1924]] - [[Leslie Phillips]], English actor
*[[1925]] - [[Ernie Stautner]], German-born American football player (d. [[2006]])
*[[1927]] - [[Phil Hill]], American race car driver and one-time [[F1]] [[List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|world champion]]
* 1927 - [[Karl Alexander Müller]], Swiss physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate
*[[1928]] - [[Johnny Gavin (footballer)|Johnny Gavin]], Irish footballer (d. [[2007]])
* 1928 - [[Gerald S. Hawkins]], English astronomer (d. [[2003]])
*[[1936]] - [[Pat Roberts]], American politician
*[[1937]] - [[George Takei]], American actor
*[[1939]] - [[Peter S. Beagle]], American author
* 1939 - [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]], former [[Prime Minister of Norway]]
* 1939 - [[Johnny Tillotson]], American singer
*[[1941]] - [[Ryan O'Neal]], American actor
*[[1943]] - [[John Eliot Gardiner]], English conductor
* 1943 - [[Edie Sedgwick]], American actress (d. [[1971]])
*[[1945]] - [[Michael Brandon]], American actor
* 1945 - [[Steve Spurrier]], American football player and coach
*[[1946]] - [[Julien Poulin]], French Canadian actor
* 1946 - [[Gordon Smiley]], American racecar driver (d. [[1982]])
* 1946 - [[Mel Winkler]], American voice actor
*[[1947]] - [[Björn Skifs]], Swedish singer ([[Blue Swede]])
* 1947 - [[Andrew Tobias]], American journalist and author
* 1947 - [[David Leland]], British actor, director and screenwriter
*[[1948]] - [[Craig Frost]], American musician ([[Grand Funk]] & [[Bob Seger]])
* 1948 - [[Gregory Itzin]], American actor
* 1948 - [[Rémy Trudel]], French Canadian politician
*[[1949]] - [[Massimo D'Alema]], [[Prime Minister of Italy]]
* 1949 - [[Veronica Cartwright]], American actress
* 1949 - [[Toller Cranston]], Canadian figure skater and artist
* 1949 - [[Jessica Lange]], American actress
*[[1950]] - [[Steve Erickson]], American novelist
* 1950 - [[Aleksandr Lebed]], Russian general and politician (d. [[2002]])
* 1950 - [[Chandra Babu Naidu]], Indian politician
*[[1951]] - [[Luther Vandross]], American singer (d. [[2005]])
*[[1952]] - [[Božidar Maljković]], Serbian basketball coach
*[[1953]] - [[Sebastian Faulks]], British novelist
*[[1954]] - [[Gilles Lupien]], French Canadian ice hockey player
*[[1956]] - [[Beatrice Ask]], Swedish politician
*[[1957]] - [[Geraint Wyn Davies]], Welsh-Canadian actor
*[[1958]] - [[Viacheslav Fetisov]], Russian ice hockey player
*[[1959]] - [[Clint Howard]], American actor
*[[1961]] - [[Don Mattingly]], American baseball player
* 1961 - [[Konstantin Lavronenko]], Russian actor
*[[1963]] - [[Mauricio Gugelmin]], Brazilian racing driver
* 1963 - [[Aubrey de Grey]], British biomedical gerontologist
*[[1964]] - [[Crispin Glover]], American actor
* 1964 - [[Andy Serkis]], English actor
* 1964 - [[Rosalynn Sumners]], American figure skater
*[[1965]] - [[Ralph Cirella]], stylist and friend of [[Howard Stern]]
* 1965 - [[Kostas Hatzidakis]], Greek politician
* 1965 - [[Adrian Fernández]], Mexican racing driver
*[[1966]] - [[David Chalmers]], Australian philosopher
*[[1967]] - [[Raymond van Barneveld]], Dutch darts player
* 1967 - [[Mike Portnoy]], American drummer ([[Dream Theater]])
* 1967 - [[Lara Jill Miller]], American actress
*[[1968]] - [[J. D. Roth]], American game show host and television personality
*[[1969]] - [[Chris Jarvis (presenter)|Chris Jarvis]], children's TV personality
*[[1970]] - [[Shemar Moore]], American actor
* 1970 - [[Adriano Moraes]], Brazilian rodeo performer
*[[1971]] - [[Carla Geurts]], Dutch swimmer
* 1971 - [[Allan Houston]], American basketball player
* 1971 - [[Tina Cousins]], English singer
*[[1972]] - [[Carmen Electra]], American actress
* 1972 - [[Le Huynh Đuc]], Vietnamese footballer
* 1972 - [[Stephen Marley (musician)|Stephen Marley]], Jamaican musician
*[[1973]] - [[Geoff Lloyd]], British radio presenter
*[[1976]] - [[Joey Lawrence]], American actor
* 1976 - [[Shay Given]], Irish footballer
*[[1977]] - [[John Hugger|Johnny "The Bull" Stamboli]], professional wrestler
*[[1978]] - [[Mirei Kuroda]], Japanese gravure idol
*[[1980]] - [[Jasmin Wagner]], German singer
*[[1981]] - [[Matus Valent]], male fitness model
*[[1983]] - [[Terrence J]], American television host
*[[1983]] - [[Miranda Kerr]], Australian supermodel
*[[1984]] - [[Tyson Griffin]], American mixed martial artist
*[[1986]] - [[Cameron Duncan]], New Zealand director (d. [[2003]])
*[[1987]] - [[John Patrick Amedori]], American actor
<!--
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Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence.
If there are multiple people in the same birth year, put them in alphabetical order.
Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information. -->
==Deaths==
*[[1176]] - [[Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke]], English soldier (b. [[1130]])
*[[1314]] - [[Pope Clement V]] (b. [[1264]])
*[[1521]] - [[Zhengde]], Emperor of China (b. [[1491]])
*[[1534]] - [[Elizabeth Barton]], English nun (executed)
*[[1558]] - [[Johannes Bugenhagen]], German reformer (b. [[1485]])
*[[1643]] - [[Christoph Demantius]], German composer (b. [[1567]])
*[[1703]] - [[Lancelot Addison]], English royal chaplain (b. [[1632]])
*[[1765]] - [[Abigail Williams]], American accuser in the Salem witch trials (b. [[1674]])
*[[1769]] - [[Chief Pontiac|Pontiac]], Chief of the Ottawa
*[[1831]] - [[John Abernethy (surgeon)|John Abernethy]], English surgeon (b. [[1764]])
*[[1873]] - [[William Tite]], English architect (b. [[1798]])
*[[1874]] - [[Alexander H. Bailey]], American politician (b. [[1817]])
*[[1887]] - [[Muhammad Sharif Pasha]], Egyptian statesman (b. [[1826]])
*[[1899]] - [[Joseph Wolf]], German artist (b. [[1820]])
*[[1912]] - [[Bram Stoker]], Irish author (b. [[1847]])
*[[1918]] - [[Karl Ferdinand Braun]], German physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1850]])
*[[1932]] - [[Giuseppe Peano]], Italian mathematician (b. [[1858]])
*[[1945]] - [[Erwin Bumke]], German jurist (b. [[1874]])
*[[1947]] - King [[Christian X of Denmark]] (b. [[1870]])
*[[1951]] - [[Ivanoe Bonomi]], [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (b. [[1873]])
*[[1964]] - [[Eddie Dyer]], baseball player (b. [[1899]])
*[[1977]] - [[Sepp Herberger]], German football coach (b. [[1897]])
*[[1982]] - [[Archibald MacLeish]], American poet and [[Librarian of Congress]] (b. [[1892]])
*[[1984]] - [[Hristo Prodanov]], Bulgarian mountaineer (b. [[1943]])
*[[1986]] - [[Sibte Hassan]], Pakistani activist, journalist and writer (b. [[1916]])
*[[1989]] - [[Doru Davidovici]], Romanian writer and fighter pilot (b. [[1945]])
*[[1991]] - [[Steve Marriott]], British singer and songwriter ([[Humble Pie (band)|Humble Pie]]) (b. [[1947]])
* 1991 - [[Don Siegel]], American film director (b. [[1912]])
*[[1993]] - [[Cantinflas]], Mexican comedian and actor (b. [[1911]])
*[[1994]] - [[Jean Carmet]], French actor (b. [[1920]])
*[[1996]] - [[Christopher Robin Milne]], son of [[A.A. Milne]] (b. [[1920]])
*[[1999]] - [[List of victims of the Columbine High School massacre|Victims]] and [[Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold|shooters]] of the [[Columbine High School massacre]]
* 1999 - [[Rick Rude]], American professional wrestler (b. [[1958]])
* 1999 - [[Señor Wences]], Spanish ventriloquist and comedian (b. [[1896]])
*[[2001]] - [[Giuseppe Sinopoli]], Italian conductor and composer (b. [[1946]])
*[[2002]] - [[Alan Dale (singer)|Alan Dale]], American singer (b. [[1925]])
*[[2003]] - [[Ruth Hale (playwright and actress)|Ruth Hale]], American playwright and actress (b. [[1908]])
* 2003 - [[Daijiro Kato]], Japanese motorcycle racer (b. [[1976]])
* 2003 - [[Bernard Katz]], German-born biophysicist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1911]])
*[[2005]] - [[Fumio Niwa]], Japanese novelist (b. [[1904]])
* 2005 - [[Zygfryd Blaut]], Polish football player (b. [[1943]])
*[[2006]] - [[Anna Svidersky]] (b. [[1988]])
*[[2007]] - [[Andrew Hill]], American jazz composer and pianist (b. [[1931]])
* 2007 - [[Michael Fu Tieshan]], Chinese bishop (b. [[1931]]).
*[[2008]] - [[VL Mike]], American Rapper (b. [[1976]])
==Holidays and observances==
*[[Ridván]] begins at sunset ([[Bahá'í Faith]]).
*[[Agnes of Montepulciano|Saint Agnes of Montepulciano]]
*[[Saint Theotimus]] (d. [[407]])
*[[Oda of Brabant|Blessed Oda]] (d. [[1158]])
*[[420 (cannabis culture)]]
== External links ==
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/20 BBC: On This Day]
*{{NYT On this day|month=04|day=20}}
*[http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Apr&day=20 On This Day in Canada]
----
{{months}}
[[Category:April]]
[[af:20 April]]
[[ar:20 أبريل]]
[[an:20 d'abril]]
[[frp:20 avril]]
[[ast:20 d'abril]]
[[az:20 Aprel]]
[[bn:এপ্রিল ২০]]
[[be:20 красавіка]]
[[be-x-old:20 красавіка]]
[[bs:20. april]]
[[br:20 Ebrel]]
[[bg:20 април]]
[[ca:20 d'abril]]
[[cv:Ака, 20]]
[[ceb:Abril 20]]
[[cs:20. duben]]
[[co:20 d'aprile]]
[[cy:20 Ebrill]]
[[da:20. april]]
[[de:20. April]]
[[et:20. aprill]]
[[el:20 Απριλίου]]
[[es:20 de abril]]
[[eo:20-a de aprilo]]
[[eu:Apirilaren 20]]
[[fa:۲۰ آوریل]]
[[fo:20. apríl]]
[[hif:20 April]]
[[fr:20 avril]]
[[fy:20 april]]
[[fur:20 di Avrîl]]
[[ga:20 Aibreán]]
[[gan:4月20號]]
[[gv:20 Averil]]
[[gd:20 an Giblean]]
[[gl:20 de abril]]
[[ko:4월 20일]]
[[hy:Ապրիլի 20]]
[[hi:20 अप्रैल]]
[[hr:20. travnja]]
[[io:20 di aprilo]]
[[ig:April 20]]
[[ilo:Abril 20]]
[[bpy:এপ্রিল ২০]]
[[id:20 April]]
[[ia:20 de april]]
[[ie:20 april]]
[[is:20. apríl]]
[[it:20 aprile]]
[[he:20 באפריל]]
[[jv:20 April]]
[[pam:Abril 20]]
[[kn:ಏಪ್ರಿಲ್ ೨೦]]
[[ka:20 აპრილი]]
[[csb:20 łżëkwiôta]]
[[kk:Сәуірдің 20]]
[[sw:20 Aprili]]
[[ht:20 avril]]
[[ku:20'ê avrêlê]]
[[la:20 Aprilis]]
[[lv:20. aprīlis]]
[[lb:20. Abrëll]]
[[lt:Balandžio 20]]
[[li:20 april]]
[[lmo:20 04]]
[[hu:Április 20]]
[[mk:20 април]]
[[ml:ഏപ്രില് 20]]
[[mr:एप्रिल २०]]
[[ms:20 April]]
[[nah:Tlanāuhti 20]]
[[nl:20 april]]
[[nds-nl:20 april]]
[[new:अप्रिल २०]]
[[ja:4月20日]]
[[nap:20 'e abbrile]]
[[no:20. april]]
[[nn:20. april]]
[[nrm:20 Avri]]
[[nov:20 de aprile]]
[[oc:20 d'abril]]
[[uz:20-aprel]]
[[nds:20. April]]
[[pl:20 kwietnia]]
[[pt:20 de Abril]]
[[ksh:20. Apprill]]
[[ro:20 aprilie]]
[[ru:20 апреля]]
[[se:Cuoŋománu 20.]]
[[sco:20 Aprile]]
[[sq:20 Prill]]
[[scn:20 di aprili]]
[[simple:April 20]]
[[sk:20. apríl]]
[[sl:20. april]]
[[sr:20. април]]
[[sh:20.4.]]
[[su:20 April]]
[[fi:20. huhtikuuta]]
[[sv:20 april]]
[[tl:Abril 20]]
[[ta:ஏப்ரல் 20]]
[[tt:20. Äpril]]
[[te:ఏప్రిల్ 20]]
[[th:20 เมษายน]]
[[vi:20 tháng 4]]
[[tr:20 Nisan]]
[[uk:20 квітня]]
[[ur:20 اپریل]]
[[vec:20 de apriłe]]
[[vo:Prilul 20]]
[[fiu-vro:20. mahlakuu päiv]]
[[wa:20 d' avri]]
[[vls:20 april]]
[[war:Abril 20]]
[[yo:20 April]]
[[zh-yue:4月20號]]
[[bat-smg:Balondė 20]]
[[zh:4月20日]]