Arbovirus
461410
220080399
2008-06-18T05:00:41Z
24.130.60.35
/* List of arboviruses (not complete) */
'''Arbovirus''' is a shortened name given to [[virus|viruses]] that are transmitted by [[arthropod|arthropods]], or '''ar'''thropod-'''bo'''rne viruses <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/arbor/arbdet.htm |title= CDC Information on Arboviral Encephalitides | accessdate=2007-02-07 }}</ref>.
Some Arboviruses are able to cause emergent disease. Arthropods are able to transmit the virus upon biting allowing the virus to enter the [[bloodstream]] which can cause [[viraemia]].
The majority of the Arboviruses are spherical in shape although a few are rod shaped. They are 17-150 nm in diameter and all have a [[RNA]] genome. These viruses do not normally infect humans but if they do, they usually cause a mild [[infection]] such as a [[fever]] or a [[rash]]. Others however are [[epidemic]] and can cause serious infections such as [[meningitis]] and [[encephalitis]] that can be fatal.
There are ways of preventing these infections from occurring such as using mosquito repellents and getting rid of the breeding grounds that mosquitoes use. [[Insecticides]] can also be used. People can also reduce the risk of getting bitten by the mosquito by wearing [[protective clothing]].
The [[immune system]] plays a role in defense against the infections. Arboviruses usually stimulate [[interferon]]. Antibodies are made and these can prevent [[viraemia]] from occurring. The cell mediated immunity is also important.
Arbovirus infections can be diagnosed by carrying out [[ELISA]] and [[polymerase chain reaction|PCR]] techniques. Complement fixation can also be used.
== List of arboviruses (not complete) ==
* [[Chikungunya]]
* [[Dengue fever]]
* [[Ross River virus]]
* [[Vesicular stomatitis virus]]
* [[West Nile virus]]
* [[Yellow fever]]
* [[Tick-borne Encephalitis]]
* [[Japanese Encephalitis]]
* [[La Crosse Encephalitis]]
* [[Murray Valley encephalitis virus]]
* [[Rift Valley fever]]
* [[St. Louis Encephalitis]]
* [[Equine Encephalitis]]
* [[Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease]] (EHD) of deer
* [[O'nyong'nyong virus]]
* [[Louping ill]] virus
== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Viruses]]
*http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/WWW/335/Emerging1.html
*http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/WWW/335/Arboviruses.html
*http://www.epi.state.nc.us/epi/arbovirus/
*http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mhunt/arbo.htm
[[da:Arbovirus-gruppen]]
[[de:Arbovirus]]
[[es:Arbovirus]]
[[fa:آربوویروس]]
[[fr:Arbovirus]]
[[it:Arbovirus]]
[[nl:Arbovirussen]]
[[ja:アルボウイルス]]
[[pl:Arbowirusy]]
[[pt:Arbovirose]]
[[ro:Arbovirus]]
[[fi:Arbovirukset]]