Arbovirus 461410 220080399 2008-06-18T05:00:41Z 24.130.60.35 /* List of arboviruses (not complete) */ '''Arbovirus''' is a shortened name given to [[virus|viruses]] that are transmitted by [[arthropod|arthropods]], or '''ar'''thropod-'''bo'''rne viruses <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/arbor/arbdet.htm |title= CDC Information on Arboviral Encephalitides | accessdate=2007-02-07 }}</ref>. Some Arboviruses are able to cause emergent disease. Arthropods are able to transmit the virus upon biting allowing the virus to enter the [[bloodstream]] which can cause [[viraemia]]. The majority of the Arboviruses are spherical in shape although a few are rod shaped. They are 17-150 nm in diameter and all have a [[RNA]] genome. These viruses do not normally infect humans but if they do, they usually cause a mild [[infection]] such as a [[fever]] or a [[rash]]. Others however are [[epidemic]] and can cause serious infections such as [[meningitis]] and [[encephalitis]] that can be fatal. There are ways of preventing these infections from occurring such as using mosquito repellents and getting rid of the breeding grounds that mosquitoes use. [[Insecticides]] can also be used. People can also reduce the risk of getting bitten by the mosquito by wearing [[protective clothing]]. The [[immune system]] plays a role in defense against the infections. Arboviruses usually stimulate [[interferon]]. Antibodies are made and these can prevent [[viraemia]] from occurring. The cell mediated immunity is also important. Arbovirus infections can be diagnosed by carrying out [[ELISA]] and [[polymerase chain reaction|PCR]] techniques. Complement fixation can also be used. == List of arboviruses (not complete) == * [[Chikungunya]] * [[Dengue fever]] * [[Ross River virus]] * [[Vesicular stomatitis virus]] * [[West Nile virus]] * [[Yellow fever]] * [[Tick-borne Encephalitis]] * [[Japanese Encephalitis]] * [[La Crosse Encephalitis]] * [[Murray Valley encephalitis virus]] * [[Rift Valley fever]] * [[St. Louis Encephalitis]] * [[Equine Encephalitis]] * [[Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease]] (EHD) of deer * [[O'nyong'nyong virus]] * [[Louping ill]] virus == References == <references/> [[Category:Viruses]] *http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/WWW/335/Emerging1.html *http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/WWW/335/Arboviruses.html *http://www.epi.state.nc.us/epi/arbovirus/ *http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mhunt/arbo.htm [[da:Arbovirus-gruppen]] [[de:Arbovirus]] [[es:Arbovirus]] [[fa:آربوویروس]] [[fr:Arbovirus]] [[it:Arbovirus]] [[nl:Arbovirussen]] [[ja:アルボウイルス]] [[pl:Arbowirusy]] [[pt:Arbovirose]] [[ro:Arbovirus]] [[fi:Arbovirukset]]