Argentine peso moneda nacional
4188999
217595926
2008-06-06T19:12:47Z
Dove1950
587860
Revert vandalism
{{Infobox Currency
|currency_name_in_local = peso moneda nacional argentino <small>{{es icon}}</small>
|image_1 =
|image_title_1 =
|iso_code = ARM
|using_countries = [[Argentina]]
|inflation_rate =
|inflation_source_date =
|subunit_ratio_1 = 1/100
|subunit_name_1 = [[centavo]]
|superunit_ratio_1 = 5
|superunit_name_1 = argentino
|symbol = m$n or $m/n
|symbol_subunit_1 = ¢
|used_coins = 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 centavos, 1, 5, 10, 25 pesos
|used_banknotes = 50 centavos, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10 000 pesos
|issuing_authority = [[Banco Central de la República Argentina]]
|issuing_authority_website = www.bcra.gov.ar
|obsolete_notice = y
|}}
The '''peso moneda nacional''' was the currency of [[Economy of Argentina|Argentina]] between [[November 5]], [[1881]] and [[December 31]], [[1969]]. It was subdivided into 100 [[centavo]]s, with the argentino worth 5 pesos. Its symbol was ''m$n'' or ''$m/n''. Its [[ISO 4217]] code was ''ARM''.
==History==
The peso moneda nacional replaced the [[Argentine real]] at a rate of one to eight. It also replaced the [[Argentine peso fuerte|peso fuerte]] at par and the [[Argentine peso moneda corriente|peso moneda corriente]] at a rate of 25 pesos monedas corrientes = 1 peso moneda nacional. The peso moneda nacional was itself replaced by the [[Argentine peso ley|peso ley]] at a rate of one hundred to one.
The peso was initially pegged to the [[French franc]] at a rate of 1 peso = 5 francs. In 1883, when silver coins ceased production, the paper peso was set at a value of 2.2 francs or 638.7 mg gold. After a suspension in the gold standard from 1914, in 1927, a peg to the U.S. dollar was established of 2.36 pesos = 1 dollar. The rate changed to 1.71 pesos = 1 dollar in 1931, then to 3 pesos = 1 dollar in 1933. Between 1934 and 1939, the peso was pegged to the [[British pound]] at a rate of 15 pesos = 1 pound. High inflation in the post-war period lead to the introduction of the ''[[Argentine peso ley|peso ley]]'' in 1970 at the rate of 100 pesos monedas nacionales = 1 peso ley.
==Coins==
In 1881, silver 10, 20 and 50 centavos and 1 peso and gold 1 argentino coins were introduced, followed by bronze 1 and 2 centavos the next year. Silver coins ceased production in 1883, with gold coins ending in 1896. Base metal 5, 10 and 20 centavos were introduced in 1896, with base 50 centavos following in 1941. The 1 peso was reintroduced in 1957, with 5, 10 and 25 pesos introduced in 1961, 1962 and 1964.
===Centavo===
{| cellpadding="4" border="1" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
! Value
! Obverse
! Emission
! Withdrawn
! Composition
! Diameter
|-
| align="right" | 1
| Liberty
| 1882 - 1896
| [[21 April]] [[1959]]
| Bronze
| 25 mm
|-
| align="right" | 1
| [[Coat of arms of Argentina|Coat of arms]]
| 1939 - 1944
| [[21 April]] [[1959]]
| Bronze
| 16 mm
|-
| align="right" | 1
| Coat of arms
| 1945 - 1948
| [[21 April]] [[1959]]
| Copper
| 16 mm
|-
| align="right" | 2
| Liberty
| 1882 - 1896
| [[21 April]] [[1959]]
| Bronze
| 30 mm
|-
| align="right" | 2
| Coat of arms
| 1939 - 1947
| [[21 April]] [[1959]]
| Bronze
| 20 mm
|-
| align="right" | 2
| Coat of arms
| 1947 - 1950
| [[21 April]] [[1959]]
| Copper
| 20 mm
|-
| align="right" | 5
| Liberty
| 1896 - 1942
| [[31 January]] [[1965]]
| Copper-Nickel
| 17 mm
|-
| align="right" | 5
| Liberty
| 1942 - 1950
| [[31 January]] [[1965]]
| Aluminium-Bronze
| 17 mm
|-
| align="right" | 5
| [[José de San Martín]]
| 1950 - 1953
| [[31 January]] [[1965]]
| Copper-Nickel
| 17 mm
|-
| align="right" | 5
| José de San Martín
| 1953 - 1956
| [[31 January]] [[1965]]
| Copper-Nickel clad steel
| 17 mm
|-
| align="right" | 5
| Liberty
| 1957 - 1959
| [[31 January]] [[1965]]
| Copper-Nickel clad steel
| 17 mm
|-
| align="right" | 10
| Liberty
| 1881 - 1883
|
| .900 Silver
| 18 mm
|-
| align="right" | 10
| Liberty
| 1896 - 1942
| [[21 January]] [[1966]]
| Copper-Nickel
| 19 mm
|-
| align="right" | 10
| Liberty
| 1942 - 1950
| [[21 January]] [[1966]]
| Aluminium-Bronze
| 19 mm
|-
| align="right" | 10
| José de San Martín
| 1950 - 1952
| [[21 January]] [[1966]]
| Copper-Nickel
| 19 mm
|-
| align="right" | 10
| José de San Martín
| 1952 - 1956
| [[21 January]] [[1966]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 19 mm
|-
| align="right" | 10
| Liberty
| 1957 - 1959
| [[21 January]] [[1966]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 19 mm
|-
| align="right" | 20
| Liberty
| 1881 - 1883
|
| .900 Silver
| 22 mm
|-
| align="right" | 20
| Liberty
| 1896 - 1942
| [[31 January]] [[1967]]
| Copper-Nickel
| 21 mm
|-
| align="right" | 20
| Liberty
| 1942 - 1950
| [[31 January]] [[1967]]
| Aluminium-Bronze
| 21 mm
|-
| align="right" | 20
| José de San Martín
| 1950 - 1952
| [[31 January]] [[1967]]
| Copper-Nickel
| 21 mm
|-
| align="right" | 20
| José de San Martín
| 1952 - 1956
| [[31 January]] [[1967]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 21 mm
|-
| align="right" | 20
| Liberty
| 1957 - 1961
| [[31 January]] [[1967]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 21 mm
|-
| align="right" | 50
| Liberty
| 1881 - 1883
|
| .900 Silver
| 29 mm
|-
| align="right" | 50
| Liberty
| 1941
| [[31 January]] [[1969]]
| Nickel
| 24 mm
|-
| align="right" | 50
| José de San Martín
| 1952 - 1956
| [[31 January]] [[1969]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 23 mm
|-
| align="right" | 50
| Liberty
| 1957 - 1961
| [[31 January]] [[1969]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 23 mm
|}
===Peso===
{| cellpadding="4" border="1" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
! Value
! Obverse
! Emission
! Withdrawn
! Composition
! Diameter
|-
| align="right" | 1
| Liberty
| 1881 - 1883
|
| .900 Silver
| 39 mm
|-
| align="right" | 1
| Liberty
| 1957 - 1962
| [[1 October]] [[1974]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 25 mm
|-
| align="right" | 1
| [[Buenos Aires]] Cabildo
| 1960
| [[1 October]] [[1974]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 25 mm
|-
| align="right" | 5
| Liberty
| 1881 - 1896
|
| .900 Gold
| 23 mm
|-
| align="right" | 5
| President Sarmiento frigate
| 1961 - 1968
| [[12 April]] [[1976]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 21 mm
|-
| align="right" | 10
| Gaucho riding horse
| 1962 - 1968
| [[12 July]] [[1976]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 21 mm
|-
| align="right" | 10
| [[House of Tucumán]]
| 1966
| [[12 July]] [[1976]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 21 mm
|-
| align="right" | 25
| First national coin
| 1964 - 1968
| [[12 July]] [[1976]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 26 mm
|-
| align="right" | 25
| [[Domingo Faustino Sarmiento]]
| 1968
| [[12 July]] [[1976]]
| Nickel clad steel
| 26 mm
|}
==Banknotes==
[[Image:Arg_10Centavos_1884_A.jpg|thumb|150px|right|10 Centavos 1884]]
The first nationally issued banknotes were introduced by the Banco Nacional in 1884. These were in denominations of 5, 10, 20 and 50 centavos. In 1891 and 1892, the same denominations were produced by the Banco de la Nación Argentina. In 1894, the Banco de la Nación Argentina introduced larger denomination notes for 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 pesos.
Paper money production was taken over by the Caja de Conversion in 1899. That year, 50 centavos, 1 and 100 pesos were introduced, followed in 1900 by notes for 5, 10, 50, 500 and 1000 pesos. These notes were issued until 1935, when the Banco Central began to produce notes.
=== Issues 1899-1935 ===
Law 3505, of 20 September, 1897, authorized the Caja de Conversión to renovate all paper money in existence at the time. They decided to make new design called "Progress's Effigy" (''"Efigie del Progreso"'').
These bank notes were created originally in a bigger size and printed by the mint (''Casa de Moneda''), using French-made paper.
Due to their size, and the paper not being of good enough quality, they began to deteriorate. They then decided to suspend the printing and look for another provider. The new notes, of smaller size, started to be issued in 1903, using [[typography]] as the printing method.
{| cellpadding="4" border="1" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
! Value
! Issue dates
! Image
|- align="center"
| 50 centavos
| 1899-1900,1918-1926
| [[Image:50_Centavos_Moneda_Nacional_A-B_1903.jpg|530px]]
|- align="center"
| 1 Peso
| 1900-1903,1906-1935
| [[Image:1 Peso Moneda Nacional A-B 1903.jpg|530px]]
|- align="center"
| 5 Pesos
| 1900-1935
| [[Image:5 Peso Moneda Nacional A-B 1903.jpg|530px]]
|- align="center"
| 10 Pesos
| 1900-1935
| [[Image:10 Peso Moneda Nacional A-B 1903.jpg|530px]]
|- align="center"
| 50 Pesos
| 1900-1935
| [[Image:50 Peso Moneda Nacional A-B 1903.jpg|530px]]
|- align="center"
| 100 Pesos
| 1899-1932
| [[Image:100 Peso Moneda Nacional A-B 1903.jpg|530px]]
|- align="center"
| 500 Pesos
| 1900-1901,1905,1909-1930,1935
| [[Image:500 Peso Moneda Nacional A-B 1903.jpg|530px]]
|- align="center"
| 1000 Pesos
| 1901,1905,1906,1908,1910-1934
| [[Image:1000 Peso Moneda Nacional A-B 1903.jpg|530px]]
|}
The Banco Central issued the following banknotes:
{| cellpadding="4" border="1" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor="lightblue"
! Value
! Portrait
! Back
! Emission start date
! Withdrawn
! Image
|-
| align="right" | 50 centavos
| Republic face
| National Constitution
| 1942
| [[31 December]] [[1960]]
| [[Image:50_Centavos_Moneda_Nacional_A-B_1950.jpg]]
|-
| align="right" | 1
| Justice
| [[House of Tucumán]]
| 1935
| [[31 December]] [[1960]]
| [[Image:1_Peso_Moneda_Nacional_A-B_1950.jpg]]
|-
| align="right" | 5
| José de San Martín
| [[May Revolution]]
| 1935
| [[31 January]] [[1965]]
| [[Image:5_Peso_Moneda_Nacional_A-B_1950.jpg]]
|-
| align="right" | 10
| José de San Martín
| Oath of Independence
| [[17 March]] [[1936]]
| [[31 January]] [[1965]]
| [[Image:10_Peso_Moneda_Nacional_A-B_1950.jpg]]
|-
| align="right" | 50
| José de San Martín
| Passage of the Andes
| [[10 September]] [[1936]]
| [[30 March]] [[1968]]
| [[Image:50_Peso_Moneda_Nacional_A-B_1950.jpg]]
|-
| align="right" | 50
| José de San Martín
| Passage of the Andes
| [[2 January]] [[1943]]
| [[30 September]] [[1968]]
| [[Image:50_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1964_A.jpg|310px]] [[Image:50_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1964_B.jpg|310px]]
|-
| align="right" | 100
| José de San Martín
| [[Buenos Aires]] foundation
| [[14 August]] [[1936]]
| [[30 March]] [[1968]]
| [[Image:100_Peso_Moneda_Nacional_A-B_1950.jpg]]
|-
| align="right" | 100
| José de San Martín
| [[Buenos Aires]] foundation
| [[23 December]] [[1943]]
| [[30 September]] [[1968]]
| [[Image:100_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1964_A.jpg|310px]] [[Image:100_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1964_B.jpg|310px]]
|-
| align="right" | 500
| José de San Martín
| [[Banco Central de la República Argentina|Argentine Central Bank]]
| [[21 December]] [[1944]]
| [[30 March]] [[1968]]
| [[Image:500 peso Moneda Nacional 1964 A young.jpg|310px]] [[Image:500 peso Moneda Nacional 1964 B young.jpg|310px]]
|-
| align="right" | 500
| José de San Martín
| San Martín's house at Grand Bourg
| [[25 November]] [[1964]]
| [[30 September]] [[1968]]
| [[Image:500_Peso_Moneda_Nacional_A-B_1950.jpg]]
|-
| align="right" | 1,000
| José de San Martín
| President Sarmiento Frigate
| [[21 December]] [[1944]]
| [[1 July]] [[1975]]
| [[Image:1000_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1964_A.jpg|310px]] [[Image:1000_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1964_B.jpg|310px]]
|-
| align="right" | 5,000
| José de San Martín
| National Congress
| [[4 October]] [[1962]]
| [[1 July]] [[1975]]
| [[Image:5000_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1964_A.jpg|310px]] [[Image:5000_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1964_B.jpg|310px]]
|-
| align="right" | 10,000
| José de San Martín
| San Martín and Bolívar meeting
| [[18 December]] [[1961]]
| [[1 July]] [[1975]]
| [[Image:10000_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1961_A.jpg|310px]] [[Image:10000_peso_Moneda_Nacional_1961_B.jpg|310px]]
|}
==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{numis cite SCWC|date=1991}}
* {{numis cite SCWPM|date=1994}}
* {{cite book | author=Silveyra, Jorge; Lozano, Sergio; & Díaz, Oscar | title=Falsificación de moneda | publisher=Editorial Policial | year=2001 | id=ISBN 950-9071-66-8}}
{{refend}}
==External links==
{{Standard numismatics external links
| world_coin_gallery_1_url = Argentina
| world_coin_gallery_1_name = Argentina
| banknote_world_1_url = argentina
| banknote_world_1_name = Argentina
| dollarization_1_url =
| dollarization_1_name =
| gfd_1_url = Argentina
| gfd_1_name = Argentina
| gfd_data_1_url = 5180
| gfd_data_1_name = Argentina Peso
| show_gfd_excel = Y
}}
* [http://www.la-moneda.com.ar/monedas/mon_nac/moneda_nacional1.htm Pesos moneda nacional coin photos]
{{Historical currencies of Argentina}}
{{peso}}
[[Category:Economy of Argentina|Peso moneda nacional]]
[[es:Peso Moneda Nacional]]