Articulatory phonetics
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The field of '''articulatory phonetics''' is a subfield of [[phonetics]]. In studying articulation, phoneticians attempt to document how humans produce speech sounds ([[vowel]]s and [[consonant]]s). That is, articulatory phoneticians are interested in how the different structures of the vocal tract, called the '''articulators''' ([[tongue]], [[lips]], [[jaw]], [[palate]], [[teeth]] etc.), interact to create the specific [[sound]]s.
==Palatography==
In order to understand how sounds are made, experimental procedures are often adopted. Palatography is one of the oldest instrumental phonetic techniques used to record data regarding articulators.<ref>Ladefoged, Peter: ''A Course In Phonetics: Third Edition'', page 60. Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1993</ref> In traditional, static palatography, a speaker's palate is coated with a dark powder. The speaker then produces a word, usually with a single consonant. The tongue wipes away some of the powder at the place of articulation. The experimenter can then use a mirror to photograph the entire upper surface of the speaker's mouth. This photograph, in which the place of articulation can be seen as the area where the powder has been removed, is called a palatogram.<ref>[http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/faciliti/facilities/physiology/palatography.html Palatography<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Technology has since made possible [[electropalatography]] (or EPG). In order to collect EPG data, the speaker is fitted with a special prosthetic palate, which contains a number of electrodes. The way in which the electrodes are "contacted" by the tongue during speech provides phoneticians important information, such as how much of the palate is contacted in different speech sounds, or which regions of the palate are contacted, or what the duration of the contact is.
==See also==
* [[list of phonetics topics]]
* [[manner of articulation]]
* [[place of articulation]]
* [[vowel]]
* [[consonant]]
* [[International Phonetic Alphabet]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
* Bickford, Anita (2006). ''Articulatory Phonetics: Tools For Analyzing The World's Languages'' (4th ed.). Summer Institute of Linguistics. ISBN 1-55671-165-4.
==External links==
*[http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~danhall/phonetics/sammy.html Interactive place and manner of articulation]
*[http://www.unc.edu/~moreton/Materials/Observing.html Observing your articulators]
[[Category:Phonetics]]
[[de:Artikulatorische Phonetik]]
[[es:Fonética#Fonética articulatoria]]
[[fr:Phonétique articulatoire]]
[[ko:조음 음성학]]
[[it:Fonetica articolatoria]]
[[nl:Articulatorische fonetiek]]
[[nn:Artikulatorisk fonetikk]]
[[ta:மெய்யொலி]]
[[zh:發音語音學]]