Attica 302613 225717149 2008-07-15T01:39:02Z Stele 298578 Added ° symbols {{otheruses1|the region of Greece}} {{Infobox Peri GR |name = Attica |name_local = Περιφέρεια Αττικής |image_map = AtticaGreece.png |prefec = [[Athens Prefecture|Athens]]<br>[[East Attica]]<br>[[Piraeus Prefecture|Piraeus]]<br>[[West Attica]] |capital = [[Athens]] |population = 3841408 |population_as_of = 2005 |area = 3808 |website = [http://www.attiki.gov.gr www.attiki.gov.gr] }} '''Attica''' ({{lang-el|Αττική}}, ''Attikí''; {{IPA2|atiˈkʲi}}) is a [[Peripheries of Greece|periphery]] (subdivision) in [[Greece]], containing [[Athens]], the capital of Greece. Attica is subdivided into the [[prefectures of Greece|prefectures]] of [[Athens Prefecture|Athens]], [[Piraeus Prefecture|Piraeus]], [[East Attica]] and [[West Attica]]. Located in the south of the country, Attica covers about 3,808 square kilometers. In addition to Athens, it contains within its area the cities of [[Peiraeus]], [[Eleusis]], [[Megara]], [[Laurium]], and [[Marathon, Greece|Marathon]], as well as a small part of the [[Peloponnese]] peninsula and the islands of [[Salamis Island|Salamis]], [[Aegina]], [[Poros]], [[Hydra, Saronic Islands|Hydra]], [[Spetses]], [[Kythira]], and [[Antikythera]]. About 3,750,000 people live in the periphery, of which more than 95% are inhabitants of the Athens metropolitan area. Athens was originally the capital of [[Central Greece]]. ==Geography== [[Image:Attica map.jpg|thumb|200px|Map of ancient Attica]] Attica is a [[peninsula]] jutting into the [[Aegean Sea]]. It is naturally divided to the north from Boeotia by the {{convert|10|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} long [[Kithairon]] mountain range. Mountains separate the peninsula into the plains of Pedia, Mesogeia, and Thriasia. The mountains include [[Hymettus]], the eastern portion of [[Geraneia]], [[Parnitha]], [[Aigaleo]] and the [[Penteli]] mountains. To the north it is bordered by the [[Boeotia]]n plain and to the west it is bordered by [[Corinth, Greece|Corinth]]. The [[Saronic Gulf]] lies to the south and the island of [[Euboea]] lies off the north coast. Athens' first and only large reservoir, [[Lake Marathon]], is about {{convert|42|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} northeast and is called the Marathon Dam, which first opened in the 1920s. Since that time, it has been Attica's largest lake. Forests cover the area around Parnitha, around Hymettus and into the northeast and the north in the hills and the mountains, except for the mountaintops, but the mountains to the west and the south are grassy, barren or forested. The [[Cephisus]] River is the longest river, and Parnetha or Parnitha is the tallest mountain in Attica. The prefecture also has parklands in the Hymettus, Penteli and the Parnitha mountains and the southern part of the peninsula. According to [[Plato]], Attica's ancient boundaries were fixed by the [[Isthmus of Corinth|Isthmus]], and that in the direction of the continent they extended as far as the [[mountain|height]]s of [[Cithaeron]] and [[Parnitha|Parnes]]. The boundary line came down in the direction of the sea, having the district of [[Oropus]] on the right, and with the river [[Asopus]] as the limit on the left. ==Climate== [[Image:Temple_of_Poseidon.jpg|thumb|200px|The [[Temple of Poseidon]] at [[Cape Sounion]], the southernmost point of the Attica Periphery, was built c.440 B.C.]] The climate is typically Mediterranean, with hot dry summers and generally low rainfall totals. Annual precipitation varies from 370 mm to over 1000 mm. Winters are cool and generally mild in the low-lying areas adjacent to the sea, but are harsher in the mountains. It is often the case that snowfalls cause disruption in areas of Attica, although these disruptions are rarely widespread for the whole of the region of Athens, with the latest cases being in January 2002, February 2004 and January 2006. The absolute minimum temperature of the region is -10.4°C and was recorded at Votanikos, Athens, while the highest temperature was recorded at Tatoi (airport) and was +48.7°C. [[Forest fire]]s and [[flash flood]]s are common. ==Major communities== {{MultiCol}} *[[Acharnes|Acharnés (Αχαρνές)]] ''or'' Menídi (Μενίδι) *[[Agia Paraskevi|Agía Paraskeví (Αγία Παρασκευή)]] *[[Agios Dimitrios|Ágios Dimítrios (Άγιος Δημήτριος)]] *[[Aigaleo|Aigáleo (Αιγάλεω)]] *[[Athens|Athína (Αθήνα)]] (Athens in English) *[[Chalandri|Chalándri (Χαλάνδρι)]] *[[Galatsi|Galátsi (Γαλάτσι)]] *[[Glyfada|Glyfáda (Γλυφάδα)]] *[[Ilio, Greece|Ílio (Ίλιο)]] (formerly [[Nea Liosia|Néa Liósia (Νέα Λιόσια)]]) *[[Ilioupoli|Ilioúpoli (Ηλιούπολη)]] *[[Kallithea|Kallithéa (Καλλιθέα)]] {{ColBreak}} *[[Keratsini|Keratsíni (Κερατσίνι)]] *[[Korydallos|Korydallós (Κορυδαλλός)]] *[[Marousi|Maroúsi (Μαρούσι)]] ''or'' Amaroúsion (Αμαρούσιον) *[[Nea Ionia|Néa Ionía (Νέα Ιωνία)]] *[[Nea Smyrni|Néa Smýrni (Νέα Σμύρνη)]] *[[Nikaia, Attica|Níkaia (Νίκαια)]] *[[Palaio Faliro|Palaió Fáliro (Παλαιό Φάληρο)]] *[[Piraeus|Peiraiás (Πειραιάς)]] (Piraeus in English) *[[Peristeri|Peristéri (Περιστέρι)]] *[[Vyronas|Výronas (Βύρωνας)]] *[[Zografou|Zográfos (Ζωγράφος)]] {{EndMultiCol}} ==Transportation== ===Roads and Highways=== The area is connected by roads and highways: *[[Greek National Road 1]] (motorway) *[[Greek National Road 3]] (old highway of Athens-Thessaloniki) *[[Greek National Road 8]] (old highway linking Patras, the Peloponnese and Athens) *[[Greek National Road 8A]] (motorway) *[[Greek National Road 79]] *[[Greek National Road 83]] (Marathonos Avenue) *[[Greek National Road 89]] *[[Greek National Road 91]] *[[Attiki Odos]], number 6 (privately owned motorway), gradually opened from 2001 to 2004 **Hymettus Ring (number 64), opened in 2004 **Egaleo Ring (number 65), opened in 2004, still under construction in its southern part. ===Ferry lines=== Numerous ferry lines, both normal ferries and the "flying dolphins" (fast sea vessels), connect the port of Piraeus with the islands of the periphery. ===Other=== *[[Athens Mass Transit System]] **[[Athens Metro]] **[[Attiki station]] **[[Proastiakos]] **Transit System (Attica) ==Sports== ===Football/soccer teams=== ====Premier and second divisions ''A'' & ''B' Ethniki'' (2006-07)==== *[[AEK Athens FC|AEK]] - Athens *[[Chaidari FC|Chaidari]] - [[Chaidari]] Athens *[[Chalkidona]] - Chalkidona *[[Egaleo FC]] (or Egaleo) - Aegaleo Athens *[[Ethnikos Asteras]] - [[Kesariani]] Athens *[[Ethnikos Piraeus]] - [[Piraeus]] Athens *[[Ilisiakos]] - [[Zografou]] Athens *[[Ionikos]] - [[Nikaia, Attica|Nikaia]], founded in 1965 *[[Kallithea FC|Kallithea]] - [[Kallithea]] ([[Athens]]), founded in 1966 -- *[[Olympiacos]] (Olympiakos Syndesmos Filathlon Pireos, OSFP) - Piraeus *[[Panathinaikos]] - Athens *[[Panionios NFC]] - [[Nea Smyrni]] (Athens) *[[Proodeutiki]] - [[Nikaia, Attica|Nikaia]] (Athens) *[[Thrasivoulos]] - [[Fyli]] Athens ====Third division==== *[[Acharnaikos]] - [[Acharnes|Acharnes (Menidi)]] *[[Agios Demetrios]] - Athens *[[Aias Salamina]] - Salamina *Apollon - Athens *[[Ilioupoli GS]] *[[Koropi AO]] *[[Vyzas]] - [[Megara]] ====Junior division/unassorted==== *Aittitos - [[Spata]] *[[Aris Petroupoli]] - Petroupoli *Aris Vari FC - Vari *Artemis FC - Artemis (Loutsa) *Aspropyrgos *Gkyziakos - [[Gkyzi]] *[[Kouvaras AC]] - Kouvaras *[[Olympiakos Papagou]] - Papagou *[[Panelefsiniakos]] - Eleusis ===All sports=== *[[Ampelokipoi AC]] - Athens (in the area of [[Ampelokipoi, Athens|Ampelokipoi]]), fourth division *[[Ethnikos GS]] - Athens, fourth division *[[Fokianos Athinon]] - Athens, fourth division ===Mini Football=== *[http://www.gipedaki.gr/book.php Mini soccer fields - Online bookings] *[http://www.gipedakia.gr/node/103 Mini soccer fields and football academies ] *[http://www.mundialito.gr/gipeda/gipeda-athina.htm Mini Football/soccer fields] ==Hospitals== *[[Agios Panteleimonas Hospital]] - [[Nikaia, Attica|Nikaia]] *[[Eleusis Hospital]] - [[Eleusis]] *[[Laikon Hospital]] - [[Zografou]] *[[Agios Panteleimonas Hospital]] - Nikaia *[[Metropolitan Hospital (Athens)|Metropolitan Hospital]] - [[Athens]] *[[Tzaneio Hospital]] - [[Piraeus]] *[[Asklipio]] - [[Voula]] *[[Eginition Hospital]] - Athens *[[Evgenidion Hospital]] - Athens *[[Evangelismos Hospital]] - Athens ==Municipalities and communities== *[[List of municipalities and communities in Attica]] *[[List of settlements in Attica]] ==[[Provinces of Greece|Provinces]]== *''[[Province of Attica]] - Athens'' *[[Province of Kythera]] *''[[Province of Megara]] (Megaris) - Megara'' *[[Province of Salamis]] - Salamis, now part of Piraeus The former provinces in italics no longer exist. ==See also== *[[List of traditional Greek place names]] ==External Links== *[http://www.athensattica.gr Official Travel website of Attica] {{Peripheries of Greece}} {{Regions of Greece}} {{coor title dm|38|05|N|23|30|E|region:GR_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki}} [[Category:Central Greece]] [[Category:Attica| ]] [[Category:Peripheries of Greece]] [[Category:NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union]] [[Category:NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union]] [[ar:أتيكا (إقليم)]] [[br:Attika]] [[bg:Атика]] [[ca:Àtica]] [[cs:Attika]] [[cy:Attica]] [[da:Attika]] [[de:Attika (Verwaltungsregion)]] [[el:Αττική]] [[es:Ática]] [[eo:Atiko]] [[fr:Attique]] [[gl:Ática]] [[ko:아티키 지역]] [[id:Attika]] [[it:Attica]] [[he:אטיקה]] [[jv:Attika]] [[la:Attica]] [[hu:Attika]] [[mk:Атика]] [[nl:Attika]] [[ja:アッティカ]] [[no:Attika (landskap)]] [[nn:Attikí]] [[pl:Attyka (kraina historyczna)]] [[pt:Ática]] [[ro:Attica]] [[ru:Аттика]] [[simple:Attica]] [[sl:Atika]] [[sr:Периферија Атика]] [[sh:Periferija Atika]] [[fi:Attika]] [[sv:Attika]] [[tr:Attika]] [[uk:Аттика]] [[vec:Atica]] [[zh:阿提卡]]