Autoimmune disease 40550 226179882 2008-07-17T05:06:08Z R.S.(AUA) 7274529 Added everything in red and updated information i had previously written while i was signed off! {{Infobox_Disease | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | Image = | Caption = | DiseasesDB = 28805 | ICD10 = | ICD9 = {{ICD9|279.4}} | ICDO = | OMIM = 109100 | MedlinePlus = 000816 | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = D001327 | }} '''Autoimmune diseases''' arise from an overactive [[immune response]] of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body. In other words, the body attacks its own cells. Autoimmune diseases are a major cause of [[immune-mediated disease]]s. ==Gender influence== Women tend to be affected more often by autoimmune disorders; nearly 79% of autoimmune disease patients in the USA are women. Also they tend to appear during or shortly after puberty. It is not known why this is the case, although [[hormone]] levels have been shown to affect the severity of some autoimmune diseases such as [[multiple sclerosis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/983519.shl |title=A Gender Gap in Autoimmunity |accessdate=2007-10-19 |format= |work=}}</ref> Other causes may include the presence of fetal cells in the maternal bloodstream. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/291/9/1127 |title=JAMA -- Abstract: Microchimerism: An Investigative Frontier in Autoimmunity and Transplantation, March 3, 2004, Adams and Nelson 291 (9): 1127 |accessdate=2007-10-19 |format= |work=}}</ref> ==Autoimmune diseases== It is possible to classify autoimmune diseases by corresponding type of [[hypersensitivity]]: [[Type II hypersensitivity|type II]], [[Type III hypersensitivity|type III]], or [[Type IV hypersensitivity|type IV]]. (No type of autoimmune disease mimics [[type I hypersensitivity]].)<ref name="isbn0-8153-4093-1">{{cite book |author=Parham, Peter |title=The immune system |publisher=Garland Science |location=New York |year=2005 |pages=344 |isbn=0-8153-4093-1 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" class="sortable wikitable" | '''Name''' || '''Accepted/<BR>suspected''' || '''[[Hypersensitivity]]''' || '''[[Autoantibody]]''' |- | [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] (ADEM) || Accepted<ref name="Mesh">{{MeshName|Autoimmune+Diseases}}</ref> || |- | [[Addison's disease]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || |- | [[Ankylosing spondylitis]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || |- | [[Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome]] (APS) || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || |- | [[Autoimmune hemolytic anemia]] || Accepted<ref name="urlAutoimmune Disorders: Immune Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition">{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec16/ch186/ch186a.html |title=Autoimmune Disorders: Immune Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> || II |- | [[Autoimmune hepatitis]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || || [[ Anti-Smooth Muscle Actin ]] |- | [[Autoimmune inner ear disease]] || Suspected<ref name="urlAutoimmune Inner Ear Disease">{{cite web |url=http://www.bcm.edu/oto/grand/4893.html |title=Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease, Baylor College of Medicine|year=1993}} </ref> || |- | [[Bullous pemphigoid]] || Accepted<ref name="urlAutoimmune Disorders: Immune Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition">{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec16/ch186/ch186a.html |title=Autoimmune Disorders: Immune Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> || || [[Anti-Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen 1 and 2 (Hemidesmosome antigens)]] |- | [[Coeliac disease]] || Accepted<ref name="urlCeliac Disease">{{cite web |url=http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/celiac/#1 |title=Celiac Disease |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16234635">{{cite journal |author=Meize-Grochowski R |title=Celiac disease: a multisystem autoimmune disorder |journal=Gastroenterol Nurs |volume=28 |issue=5 |pages=394–402; quiz 403–4 |year=2005 |pmid=16234635 |doi= |url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=1042-895X&volume=28&issue=5&spage=394}}</ref><ref name="pmid16214317">{{cite journal |author=Sollid LM, Jabri B |title=Is celiac disease an autoimmune disorder? |journal=Curr. Opin. Immunol. |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=595–600 |year=2005 |month=December |pmid=16214317 |doi=10.1016/j.coi.2005.09.015 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0952-7915(05)00158-5}}</ref> || IV || [[Anti-transglutaminase antibodies|Anti-transglutaminase]] |- | [[Chagas disease]] || Suspected<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hyland KV, Engman DM |title=Further thoughts on where we stand on the autoimmunity hypothesis of Chagas disease |journal=Trends Parasitol. |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=101–2; author reply 103 |year=2006 |pmid=16446117 |doi=10.1016/j.pt.2006.01.001}}</ref> || |- | [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] || Suspected<ref name="PMID14514931">{{cite journal |author=Agustí A, MacNee W, Donaldson K, Cosio M. |title=Hypothesis: does COPD have an autoimmune component? |journal=Thorax |volume=58 |issue=10 |pages=832–834 |year=2003 |pmid=14514931 |doi=10.1136/thorax.58.10.832}}</ref> <ref name="pmid17450149">{{cite journal |author=Lee SH, Goswami S, Grudo A, ''et al'' |title=Antielastin autoimmunity in tobacco smoking-induced emphysema |journal=Nat. Med. |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=567–9 |year=2007 |pmid=17450149 |doi=10.1038/nm1583}}</ref> || |- | [[Dermatomyositis]] || Accepted<ref name="urlPolymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Autoimmune Disorders of Connective Tissue: Merck Manual Home Edition">{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec05/ch068/ch068e.html |title=Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Autoimmune Disorders of Connective Tissue: Merck Manual Home Edition |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> || |- | [[Diabetes mellitus type 1]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || IV |- | [[Endometriosis]] || Suspected<ref>{{cite journal |author=Gleicher N, el-Roeiy A, Confino E, Friberg J |title=Is endometriosis an autoimmune disease? |journal=Obstetrics and gynecology |volume=70 |issue=1 |pages=115–22 |year=1987 |pmid=3110710 |doi=}}</ref> || |- | [[Goodpasture's syndrome]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || II || [[Anti-Basment Membrane Collagen Type IV Protein]] |- | [[Graves' disease]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || II |- | [[Guillain-Barré syndrome]] (GBS) || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || IV || [[Anti-ganglioside antibodies|Anti-ganglioside]] |- | [[Hashimoto's disease]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || IV || |- | [[Hidradenitis suppurativa]] || Suspected<ref>{{cite web |url=http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00329823 |title=Clinical Trial: Etanercept in Hidradenitis Suppurativa |accessdate=2007-07-08 |format= |work=}}</ref> || |- | [[Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || II |- | [[Interstitial cystitis]] || Suspected<ref>{{cite journal |author=Kárpáti F, Dénes L, Büttner K |title=[Interstitial cystitis=autoimmune cyatitis? Interstitial as a participating disease in lupus erythematosus] |language=German |journal=Zeitschrift für Urologie und Nephrologie |volume=68 |issue=9 |pages=633–9 |year=1975 |pmid=1227191 |doi=}}</ref> || |- | [[Lupus erythematosus]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || III |- | [[Morphea]] || Suspected<ref name="pmid15561734">{{cite journal |author=Takehara K, Sato S |title=Localized scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder |journal=Rheumatology (Oxford, England) |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=274–9 |year=2005 |pmid=15561734 |doi=10.1093/rheumatology/keh487}}</ref> || |- | [[Multiple sclerosis]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || IV || [[Anti-Myelin Basic Protein]] |- | [[Myasthenia gravis]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || II |- | [[Narcolepsy]] || Suspected<ref>{{cite journal | author=Carlander, B., Eliaou J.F., Billiard M. | title=Autoimmune hypothesis in narcolepsy. | journal=Neurophysiol. Clin. | volume=23 | year=1993 | doi=10.1016/S0987-7053(05)80279-5 | pages=15}} </ref> || |- | [[Neuromyotonia]] || Suspected<ref>{{cite journal |author=Maddison P |title=Neuromyotonia |journal=Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology |volume=117 |issue=10 |pages=2118–27 |year=2006 |pmid=16843723 |doi=10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.008}}</ref> || |- | [[Pemphigus Vulgaris]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || II || [[Anti-Desmogein 3]] |- | [[Pernicious anaemia]] || Accepted<ref name="titleMedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pernicious anemia">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000569.htm |title=MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pernicious anemia |accessdate=2008-04-05 |format= |work=}}</ref> || II || |- | [[Polymyositis]] || Accepted<ref name="urlPolymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Autoimmune Disorders of Connective Tissue: Merck Manual Home Edition">{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec05/ch068/ch068e.html |title=Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Autoimmune Disorders of Connective Tissue: Merck Manual Home Edition |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> || |- | [[Primary biliary cirrhosis]] || Accepted<ref name="titlePrimary Biliary Cirrhosis: Fatty Liver, Cirrhosis, and Related Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition">{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec10/ch136/ch136d.html |title=Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Fatty Liver, Cirrhosis, and Related Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition |accessdate=2008-04-05 |format= |work=}}</ref> || || [[Anti-p62 antibodies|Anti-p62]], [[Anti-sp100 antibodies|Anti-sp100]], [[Anti-Mitochontrial(M@) antibodys|Anti-Mitochondrial(M2)]] |- | [[Rheumatoid arthritis]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || III || [[Rheumatoid factor]] |- | [[Schizophrenia]] || Suspected<ref>{{cite journal |author=Eaton WW, Byrne M, Ewald H, ''et al'' |title=Association of schizophrenia and autoimmune diseases: linkage of Danish national registers |journal=The American journal of psychiatry |volume=163 |issue=3 |pages=521–8 |year=2006 |pmid=16513876 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.163.3.521}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Jones AL, Mowry BJ, Pender MP, Greer JM |title=Immune dysregulation and self-reactivity in schizophrenia: do some cases of schizophrenia have an autoimmune basis? |journal=Immunol. Cell Biol. |volume=83 |issue=1 |pages=9–17 |year=2005 |pmid=15661036 |doi=10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01305.x}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Strous RD, Shoenfeld Y |title=Schizophrenia, autoimmunity and immune system dysregulation: a comprehensive model updated and revisited |journal=J. Autoimmun. |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=71–80 |year=2006 |pmid=16997531 |doi=10.1016/j.jaut.2006.07.006}}</ref> || |- | [[Scleroderma]] || Suspected<ref name="pmid15561734">{{cite journal |author=Takehara K, Sato S |title=Localized scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder |journal=Rheumatology (Oxford) |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=274–9 |year=2005 |month=March |pmid=15561734 |doi=10.1093/rheumatology/keh487 |url=http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=15561734}}</ref> || || [[Anti-topoisomerase antibodies|Anti-topoisomerase]] |- | [[Sjögren's syndrome]] || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || |- | [[Temporal arteritis]] (also known as "giant cell arteritis") || Accepted<ref name="Mesh"> </ref> || IV || |- | [[Vasculitis]] || Accepted<ref name="urlAutoimmune Disorders: Immune Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition">{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec16/ch186/ch186a.html |title=Autoimmune Disorders: Immune Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> || |- | [[Vitiligo]] || Suspected<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/vitiligo/vitiligo.htm |title=Questions and Answers about Vitiligo |accessdate=2007-08-06 |format= |work=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dermatology.jwatch.org/cgi/content/full/2007/330/1 |title=A New Gene Linked to Vitiligo and Susceptibility to Autoimmune Disorders - Journal Watch Dermatology |accessdate=2007-08-06 |format= |work=}}</ref> || |- | [[Wegener's granulomatosis]] || Accepted<ref name="pmid18391678">{{cite journal |author=Sánchez-Cano D, Callejas-Rubio JL, Ortego-Centeno N |title=Effect of rituximab on refractory Wegener granulomatosis with predominant granulomatous disease |journal=J Clin Rheumatol |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=92–3 |year=2008 |month=April |pmid=18391678 |doi=10.1097/RHU.0b013e31816b4487 |url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?an=00124743-200804000-00008 |doi_brokendate=2008-06-25}}</ref> || || [[Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody|Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic(cANCA)]] |} ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ==External links== * [http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/autoimmune.html Links to pictures of Autoimmune Diseases (Hardin MD)] at [[University of Iowa]] {{Immune disorders}} [[Category:Autoimmune diseases| ]] [[de:Autoimmunerkrankung]] [[es:Enfermedad autoinmune]] [[fr:Maladie auto-immune]] [[hr:Autoimune bolesti]] [[he:מחלת חיסון עצמי]] [[nl:Auto-immuunziekte]] [[pl:Choroby autoimmunologiczne]] [[ru:Аутоиммунные заболевания]] [[sk:Autoimunitná choroba]] [[fi:Autoimmuunisairaus]] [[uk:Автоімунітет]]