Autoimmune hemolytic anemia 3820402 213664766 2008-05-20T09:04:57Z Cyclonenim 1572590 [[WP:AWB/T|Typo fixing]] using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] {{Infobox_Disease | Name = Autoimmune hemolytic anemia | Image = | Caption = | DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = {{ICD10|D|59|0|d|55}}-{{ICD10|D|59|1|d|55}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|283.0}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = D000744 | }} '''Autoimmune hemolytic anemia''' (AIHA) is a type of [[hemolytic anemia]] where the body's immune system attacks its own [[red blood cells]] (RBCs), leading to their destruction ([[hemolysis]]). [[Antibodies]] and associated [[complement system]] components become fixed onto the [[Red blood cell|RBC]] surface. These [[antibodies]] can be detected with the [[Coombs test#Direct Coombs test|direct antiglobulin test]], also known as the direct [[Coombs test]]. AIHA can also be induced by several drugs including methyl-dopa and fluarabine. [[Autoimmunity]] must not be confused with [[alloimmunity]]. ==Classification== Haemolysis can be intravascular or extravascular. '''Intravascular haemolysis'''<br> Red blood cell lysis occurs in the circulation as a result of activation of the [[complement system]] cascade. '''Extravascular haemolysis'''<br> Red Blood Cells that are coated with antibodies are specifically recognised in the [[reticuloendothelial system]] and destroyed by [[macrophages]]. ===Subtypes=== '''[[Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia]]''' *Idiopathic *[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]] *[[Evans' syndrome]] (antiplatelet antibodies and haemolytic antibodies) *[[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia]] *Drugs ([[methyldopa]]) '''Cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia''' *[[Idiopathic cold hemagglutinin syndrome]] *[[Infectious mononucleosis]] *[[Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria]] (rare) *[[Lymphoma]] '''Mixed-type autoimmune hemolytic anemia''' ==Laboratory findings== *Positive direct [[Coombs test]] *[[Anaemia]] ==See also== *[[Haematology]] *[[Haemolytic anaemia]] ==References== *[http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic979.htm eMedicine] ==External links== * Case report of [http://clinicalcases.blogspot.com/2003/06/hemoglobin-42-due-to-autoimmune.html Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia] with typical laboratory findings. Clinical Cases and Images. {{Hematology}} [[Category:Blood disorders]] [[Category:Hematology]] {{immunology-stub}} [[de:Autoimmunhämolytische Anämie]] [[es:Anemia inmunohemolítica]] [[pt:Anemia hemolítica auto-imune]]