Banner
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Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/Pink!Teen|Pink!Teen]] to last version by Lightbot (using [[WP:HG|Huggle]])
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A '''banner''' is a [[flag]] or other piece of cloth bearing a symbol, logo, slogan or other message. [[Banner-making]] is an ancient craft.
The word derives from [[Vulgar Latin|late Latin]] ''bandum'', a cloth out of which a flag is made ([[Latin]] ''banderia'', [[Italian language|Italian]] ''bandiera''). [[German language|German]] developed the word to mean an official [[edict]] or proclamation and since such written orders often prohibited some form of human activity, ''bandum'' assumed the meaning of a ban, control, interdict or excommunication. ''[[Banns]]'' has the same origin meaning an official proclamation, and ''abandon'' means to change loyalty or disobey orders, semantically "to leave the cloth or flag".
==Heraldic banners==<!-- This section is linked from [[Flag]] -->
[[Image:Wolsey banner.jpg|frame|Heraldic banner of Cardinal Wolsey]]A heraldic banner, also called ''banner of arms'', displays the basic [[coat of arms]] only: i.e. it contains the design usually displayed on the [[shield]] and omits the crest, helmet or coronet, mantling, supporters, motto or any other elements associated with the [[coat of arms]] (for further details of these elements, see [[heraldry]]).
A heraldic banner is usually square or rectangular.
A distinction exists between the heraldic banner and the [[heraldic standard]]. The distinction, however, is often misunderstood or ignored. For example the Royal Standard of the United Kingdom is in fact a banner of the royal arms.
==Church banners==
Banners in churches have, in the past, been used mainly for [[procession]]s, inside or outside of the church building. However, the emphasis has, in recent years, shifted markedly towards the permanent or transient display of banners on walls or pillars of churches and other places of worship. A famous example of large banners on display is [[Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral|Liverpool R.C. Cathedral]], where the banners are designed by a resident artist.
For more on the [[design]] and making of church banners, '''see''' the article on [[Banner-making]].
For banners used in the Eastern Orthodox Church, see [[Khorugv]].
==Prophetic banners==
The prophet Isaiah was commanded to raise a banner and exalt his voice (Isaiah 13:2). Habakkuk received a similar order to write a vision upon tables that could be read by one who runs past it (Habakkuk 2:2). Today, banners are used to communicate the testimony of Jesus Christ by evangelists and public ministers engaged in [[Open Air Preaching]].
==Trade union banners==
[[Image:TU banners.JPG|thumb|Banners of [[Association of University Teachers|AUT]], [[National Association of Teachers in Further and Higher Education|NATFHE]], Cambridge [[Labour council|TUC]] and [[Cambridge University Students' Union]]]]
In Britain, [[trade union]] banners have been made since the 1840s, and at [[May Day]] parades, they could be counted in the hundreds. The [[iconography]] of these banners included mines, mills, factories, but also visions of the future, showing a land where children and adults were well-fed and living in tidy brick-built houses, where the old and sick were cared for, where the burden of work was lessened by new technology, and where leisure time was increasing. The same kind of banners are also used in many other countries. Many, but not all of them, have [[red]] as a dominant colour.
For more on the [[design]] and making of these banners, '''see''' [[Banner-making]].
==Advertising banners==
[[Image:Solvent Inkjet Banners.jpg|thumb|left|100px|Two large-format solvent banners]] These are often made commercially on a plastic background. The banner industry has been evolving from the traditional cut-vinyl banners to banners printed with large format & wide format [[inkjet printer]]s on various vinyl and fabric materials using [[solvent inks]] and [[uv-curable inks]].
A number of British towns and cities have whole series of banners decorating their city centres, effectively advertising the town or its special features and attractions.
Advertisements on the [[Internet]] which carry the shape of a banner are also commonly called "banners". See [[web banner]] for more information.
==Protest banners==
[[Image:Protest banner II.JPG|thumb|250px|An anti-[[United States|American]] protest banner, [[Vienna]], 2005. The text translates as "Tie [[Goliath]]'s hands—he's gone crazy". ([[:Image:Protest banner II.JPG|Details]])]]
'''Protest banners''' are either carried by demonstrators during a protest march, typically at the head of the procession, or fixed to walls, trees or other stationary objects to be read by anyone who happens to pass by.
As an art form, the protest banner can have an elaborate design or just consist of a slogan hastily scribbled or sprayed on a piece of [[canvas]], [[cloth]], or [[Paperboard|cardboard]]. In the August 2003 issue of ''[[The Journal of Aesthetics & Protest]]'', [[Yates Mckee]] notes that "the protest banner explicitly announces its instrumentality; it is designed for application in the service of an end outside of itself, which is why it is barely afforded the status of a '[[Artistic|medium]]' in the discourse of [[art criticism|art-criticism]]. Indeed, this relation of means and ends traditionally governs the distinction between '[[art]]' and '[[propaganda]]'."
==See also==
*[[Heraldic standard]]
*[[Sashimono]]
*''[[The Star-Spangled Banner]]''
*[[Stainless Banner]]
*[[Vinyl banners]]
*[[Web banner]]
*[[Banners in Northern Ireland]]
*[[County Clare]] in [[Ireland]] is known as the ''Banner County''.
[[Category:Flags]]
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