Barium nitrate
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220117779
2008-06-18T10:48:54Z
Kirikou fr
5168652
{{Chembox new
| Name = Barium nitrate
| ImageFile = barium nitrate.png
| OtherNames = Barium dinitrate, Barium salt of nitric acid
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 10022-31-8
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Ba(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
| MolarMass = 261.336 g/mol
| Appearance = white crystals
| Density = 3.24 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid
| MeltingPt = 590 °C, decomposes
| BoilingPt =
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 3 }}
}}
'''Barium nitrate''' with [[chemical formula]] Ba([[nitrogen|N]][[oxygen|O]]<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is a salt of [[barium]] and the [[nitrate]] [[ion]].
Barium nitrate exists as a white solid at room temperature. It is soluble in water, and like other soluble barium compounds, is toxic and should be handled with care. It occurs naturally as the rare mineral ''nitrobarite''.
[[Baratol]] is an explosive composed of barium nitrate, [[Trinitrotoluene|TNT]] and [[binder (material)|binder]]; the high density of barium nitrate results in baratol being quite dense as well. Barium nitrate mixed with aluminum powder, a formula for [[flash powder]], is highly explosive. It is mixed with [[Thermite]] to form Thermate-TH3, used in military thermite grenades. It is also used in the manufacturing process of [[Barium oxide]], the [[vacuum tube]] industry and for green fire in [[pyrotechnic]]s.
==Manufacture==
Barium nitrate is manufactured by one of two processes. The first involves dissolving small chunks of [[barium carbonate]] in nitric acid, allowing any iron impurities to precipitate, then filtered, evaporated, and crystallized. The second requires combining [[barium chloride]] with a heated solution of [[sodium nitrate]], causing barium nitrate crystals to separate from the mixture.
==Barium nitrate health risks==
Like all soluble barium compounds, barium nitrate is [[toxic]] by ingestion or inhalation.
Symptoms of poisoning include tightness of muscles (especially in the face and neck), [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], abdominal pain, muscular tremors, [[anxiety]], [[weakness]], labored breathing, cardiac irregularity, and [[convulsions]]. Death may result from [[heart failure|cardiac]] or [[respiratory failure]], and usually occurs a few hours to a few days following exposure to the compound. Barium nitrate may also cause [[kidney]] damage<ref>[http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/B0432.htm Barium Nitrate<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.
Solutions of [[sulfate]] salts such as [[Epsom salts]] or [[sodium sulfate]] may be given as first aid for barium poisoning, as they precipitate the barium as the insoluble (and non-toxic) [[barium sulfate]].
Inhalation may also cause irritation to the respiratory tract.
While skin or eye contact is less harmful than ingestion or inhalation, it can still result in irritation, itching, redness, and pain.
If you happen to swallow some barium nitrate, please see a doctor immediately. If the symptoms continue after a consultation with your doctor, immediately go to the hospital.
==References==
<div class="references-small">
<references />
[[Category:Barium compounds]]
[[Category:Nitrates]]
[[Category:Nitrate minerals]]
[[Category:Pyrotechnic oxidizers]]
[[Category:Pyrotechnic colorants]]
[[ar:نترات باريوم]]
[[de:Bariumnitrat]]
[[fr:nitrate de baryum]]
[[nl:Bariumnitraat]]
[[ja:硝酸バリウム]]
[[pl:Azotan(V) baru]]
[[pt:Nitrato de bário]]
[[ro:Nitrat de bariu]]
[[zh:硝酸钡]]