Betaxolol 1616518 210390234 2008-05-05T19:10:37Z PipepBot 4984067 robot Adding: [[it:Betaxololo]] {{drugbox | | image=betaxolol.png | IUPAC_name = 1-[4-[2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)<br>ethyl]phenoxy]-3-<br>(1-methylethylamino)propan-2-ol | CAS_number = 63659-18-7 | ATC_prefix=C07 | ATC_suffix=AB05 | ATC_supplemental={{ATC|S01|ED02}} | PubChem=2369 | DrugBank=APRD00245 | C=18 | H=29 | N=1 | O=3 |molecular_weight = 307.428 [[gram|g]]/[[Mole (unit)|mol]] |bioavailability = 89% |metabolism = [[Liver|Hepatic]] |elimination_half-life = 14-22hours |excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]] (20%) |pregnancy_AU = C |pregnancy_US = C |pregnancy_category = |legal_status = Rx-only |routes_of_administration = oral, [[ocular]] }} '''Betaxolol''' (trade names '''Betoptic''', '''Betoptic S''', '''Lokren''', '''Kerlone''') is a selective [[beta blocker|beta<sub>1</sub> receptor blocker]] used in the treatment of [[hypertension]] and [[glaucoma]]. Being selective for beta<sub>1</sub> receptors, it typically has fewer systemic [[adverse drug reaction|side effect]]s than non-selective beta-blockers, for example, not causing [[bronchospasm]] (mediated by beta<sub>2</sub> receptors) as [[timolol]] may. Betaxolol also shows greater affininty for beta<sub>1</sub> receptors than [[metoprolol]]. In addition to its effect on the heart, betaxolol reduces the pressure within the eye ([[intraocular pressure]]). This effect is thought to be caused by reducing the production of the liquid (which is called the [[aqueous humor]]) within the eye. The precise mechanism of this effect is not known. The reduction in intraocular pressure reduces the risk of damage to the [[optic nerve]] and loss of vision in patients with elevated intraocular pressure due to [[glaucoma]]. Betaxolol was approved by the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) for ocular use as a 0.5% solution ('''Betoptic''') in 1985 and as a 0.25% solution ('''Betoptic S''') in 1989. ==Clinical uses== * Oral: for the management of hypertension * Ophthalmic: for the management of glaucoma ==Dosage== * Oral: The initial dose in hypertension is ordinarily 10 mg once daily either alone or added to diuretic therapy. * Ophthalmic: The recommended dose is one to two drops in the affected eye(s) twice daily. ==Contraindications== * Hypersensitivity to the drug * Patients with sinus bradycardia, heart block greater than first degree, cardiogenic shock, and overt cardiac failure ==External links== * [http://products.sanofi-aventis.us/kerlone/kerlone.pdf Kerlone prescribing information] ==See also== [[Levobetaxolol]] {{beta blockers}} {{Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics}} [[Category:Beta blockers]] [[it:Betaxololo]]