Biological system
5780599
226021662
2008-07-16T14:00:50Z
123.237.129.81
mammals, link fixed
[[Image:SystemExample.jpg|thumb|300px|An example of a system: The nervous system. This basic diagram shows that this system is made up of 4 different basic organs: the [[brain]], the [[cerebellum]], the [[spinal cord]], and the [[nerve]]s.]]
In [[biology]], a '''system''' is a group of [[Organ (anatomy)|organs]] that work together to perform a certain task. Common systems, such as those present in [[mammals]] and other animals, seen in [[human anatomy]], are those such as the [[circulatory system]], the [[respiratory system]], the [[nervous system]], etc.
A group of systems composes an [[organism]], e.g. the [[human body]].
== Human systems ==
[[Human]]s have a variety of systems due to the complexity of the species' organism. These specific systems are widely studied in [[Human anatomy]]. ''"Human" systems'' are also present in many animals.
* [[Circulatory system]]: pumping and channeling [[blood]] to and from the body and lungs with [[heart]], [[blood]], and [[blood vessel]]s.
* [[Digestive system]]: digestion and processing food with [[salivary gland]]s, [[esophagus]], [[stomach]], [[liver]], [[gallbladder]], [[pancreas]], [[intestine]]s, [[rectum]], and [[anus]].
* [[Endocrine system]]: communication within the body using [[hormone]]s made by [[endocrine gland]]s such as the [[hypothalamus]], [[pituitary]] or pituitary gland, [[pineal body]] or pineal gland, [[thyroid]], [[parathyroid]]s, and [[adrenal]]s or adrenal glands
* [[Integumentary system]]: [[skin]], [[hair]] and [[nail (anatomy)|nail]]s
* [[Lymphatic system]]: structures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and the blood stream, the [[lymph]] and the [[lymph node|node]]s and [[lymph vessel|vessels]] that transport it including the [[Immune system]]: defending against disease-causing agents with [[leukocyte]]s, [[tonsil]]s, [[adenoid]]s, [[thymus]], and [[spleen]]
* [[Muscular system]]: movement with [[muscle]]s.
* [[Nervous system]]: collecting, transferring and processing information with [[brain]], [[spinal cord]], [[peripheral nerve]]s, and [[nerve]]s
* [[Reproductive system]]: the sex organs, such as [[ovary|ovarie]]s, [[fallopian tube]]s, [[uterus]], [[vagina]], [[mammary gland]]s, [[testes]], [[vas deferens]], [[seminal vesicle]]s, [[prostate]], and [[penis]].
* [[Respiratory system]]: the organs used for breathing, the [[pharynx]], [[larynx]], [[trachea]], [[bronchi]], [[lung]]s, and [[thoracic diaphragm|diaphragm]].
* [[Skeletal system]]: structural support and protection with [[bone]]s, [[cartilage]], [[ligament]]s, and [[tendon]]s.
* [[Urinary system]]: [[kidney]]s, [[ureter]]s, [[urinary bladder|bladder]] and [[urethra]] involved in fluid balance, electrolyte balance and excretion of urine.
== See also ==
* [[Artificial life]]
* [[Biological systems engineering]]
* [[Systems biology]]
* [[Systems ecology]]
* [[Systems theory]]
== External links ==
{{portal|Systems science|Complex-adaptive-system.jpg}}
* [http://www.scq.ubc.ca/?p=253 Systems Biology: An Overview] by Mario Jardon: A review from the Science Creative Quarterly, 2005.
* [http://www.genome.ad.jp/manuscripts/GIW99/Poster/GIW99P66.pdf. Synthesis and Analysis of a Biological System], by Hiroyuki Kurata, 1999.
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