Bodily fluid 320760 215596425 2008-05-28T21:55:56Z 92.22.180.52 __TOC__ '''Bodily fluids''' listed below are found in the bodies of men and/or women. Some may be found in animals as well. They include fluids that are [[excretion|excreted]] or [[secretion|secreted]] from the body as well as fluids that normally are not. These respective fluids would include: * [[Amniotic fluid]] surrounding a [[fetus]] * [[Aqueous humour]] * [[Bile]] * [[Blood]] and [[blood plasma]] * [[Cerumen]] also known as [[earwax]] * [[Cowper's fluid]] or [[pre-ejaculatory fluid]] * [[Chyle]] * [[Chyme]] * [[Female ejaculate]] * [[Interstitial fluid]] * [[Lymph]] * [[Menses]] * [[Breast milk]] * [[Mucus]] (including ''snot'' and ''phlegm'') * [[Pleural fluid]] * [[Pus]] * [[Saliva]] * [[Sebaceous gland|Sebum]] (skin oil) * [[Semen]] * [[blood plasma|Serum]] * [[Sweat]] * [[Tears]] * [[Urine]] * [[Vaginal lubrication]] * [[Vomit]] * Water [[Feces]], while not generally classed as a body fluid, are often treated similarly to body fluids, and are sometimes fluid or semi-fluid in nature. Internal body fluids, which are not usually leaked or excreted to the outside world, include: * [[cerebrospinal fluid]] surrounding the brain and the spinal cord * [[synovial fluid]] surrounding bone joints * [[intracellular fluid]] is the fluid inside cells * [[aqueous humour]] and [[vitreous humour]] the fluids in the eyeball. ==Bodily fluids in religion and history== Bodily fluids are regarded with varying levels of disgust among world cultures, including the Abrahamic faiths (Christianity, Islam, Judaism) and Hinduism. In Hinduism substances that have left the body are considered unclean, although there are some sects which smear cremated body ash on their foreheads as symbolic gestures. Feces and urine have been used by religions on every continent for atonement, rites of passage, and funerary rites. One interesting example is the alleged consumption of some ancient sects of the urine of people intoxicated with hallucinogenic mushrooms or creepers, as the urine contained high concentrations of the drug and could be "re-used." Attitudes concerning bodily fluids aside, there is a long human history of their use in religion, [[medicine]], [[art]], [[sex]], and [[folklore]]. Some believe that the tradition of shaking hands with the right hand stems from using the left hand to ''clean up'' after defecation, as a result, shaking hands with the left hand is considered insulting in many cultures. ==Body fluids in art== A relatively new trend in [[contemporary art]] is to use '''body fluids in art,''' though there have been rarer uses of blood (and perhaps feces) for quite some time, and [[Marcel Duchamp]] used [[semen]] decades ago. Examples include: * The controversial ''[[Piss Christ]]'' (1987), by [[Andres Serrano]], which is a [[photograph]] of a [[crucifix]] submerged in [[urine]]; * ''Self'' (1991, recast 1996) by [[Marc Quinn]], a frozen cast of the artist's head made entirely of his own [[blood]]; * ''Piss Flowers,'' by [[Helen Chadwick]] (1991-92), are twelve white-enamelled bronzes cast from cavities made by [[urinating]] in snow (though this might not be characertised as the use of bodily fluids ''in'' art, just their use in preparation); * performances by [[Lennie Lee]] involving feces, blood, vomit from 1990 * many paintings by [[Chris Ofili]], which make use of [[elephant]] [[dung]] (from 1992). * [[Gilbert and George]]'s ''The Naked Shit Pictures'' (1995) * [[Hermann Nitsch]] and Das Orgien Mysterien Theatre use urine, feces, blood and more in their ritual performances. * [[Franko B]] from 1990 blood letting performances. ==Body fluids and health== Modern [[medical hygiene]] and [[public health]] practices also treat body fluids as unclean. This is because they can be [[vector (biology)|vector]]s for infectious diseases, such as [[sexually transmitted disease]]s or [[blood-borne disease]]s. [[Safer sex]] practices try to avoid exchanges of body fluids. ==See also== *[[Hygiene]] *[[Ritual cleanliness]] *[[Blood-borne disease]]s *[[Barrier nursing]] *[[Fluid bonding]] *[[Medical technologist]] ==References== *Paul Spinrad. (1999) ''The RE/Search Guide to Bodily Fluids''. Juno Books. ISBN 1-890451-04-5 *John Bourke. (1891) ''Scatologic Rites of All Nations''. Washington, D.C.: W.H. Lowdermilk. [[Category:Body fluids| ]] [[cs:Tělní tekutiny]] [[ur:سوائل جسم]] [[de:Körperflüssigkeit]] [[ko:체액]] [[nl:Lichaamsvocht]] [[ja:体液]] [[sl:Telesna tekočina]] [[sv:Kroppsvätska]] [[zh:體液]]