Bothidae
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2008-05-28T19:06:21Z
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{{Taxobox
| name = Lefteye flounders
| image = Arnoglossus laterna.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = [[Scaldfish]], ''Arnoglossus laterna''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Pleuronectiformes]]
| familia = '''Bothidae'''
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =
''[[Arnoglossus]]''<br/>
''[[Asterorhombus]]''<br/>
''[[Bothus]]''<br/>
''[[Chascanopsetta]]''<br/>
''[[Crossorhombus]]''<br/>
''[[Engyophrys]]''<br/>
''[[Engyprosopon]]''<br/>
''[[Grammatobothus]]''<br/>
''[[Japonolaeops]]''<br/>
''[[Kamoharaia]]''<br/>
''[[Laeops]]''<br/>
''[[Lophonectes]]''<br/>
''[[Monolene]]''<br/>
''[[Neolaeops]]''<br/>
''[[Parabothus]]''<br/>
''[[Perissias]]''<br/>
''[[Psettina]]''<br/>
''[[Taeniopsetta]]''<br/>
''[[Tosarhombus]]''<br/>
''[[Trichopsetta]]''<br/>
See text for species.
}}
'''Lefteye flounders''' are a family, '''Bothidae''', of [[flounder]]s. They are called "lefteye flounders" because most species lie on the sea bottom on their right side, with both eyes on the left side. A helpful reminder when trying to recall the family name for this fish is that "Bothidae eyes are on the same side o' dey head." <ref name="fishbase">{{FishBase family | family = Bothidae | month = February | year = 2006}}</ref>
==Species==
There are 158 species in twenty genera:<ref name="fishbase"/><ref>{{ITIS | ID = 172714 | taxon = Bothidae | date = 2 April | year = 2006}}</ref>
* Genus ''[[Arnoglossus]]''
** ''[[Arnoglossus andrewsi]]'' <small>Kurth, 1954</small>.
** [[Arabian flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus arabicus]]'' <small>Norman, 1939</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus armstrongi]]'' <small>Scott, 1975</small>.
** [[Spotless lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus aspilos]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1851)</small>.
** [[Bass Strait flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus bassensis]]'' <small>Norman, 1926</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus boops]]'' <small>(Hector, 1875)</small>.
** [[Brown lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus brunneus]]'' <small>(Fowler, 1934)</small>.
** [[Cape scaldfish]], ''[[Arnoglossus capensis]]'' <small>[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1898</small>.
** [[East coast flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus dalgleishi]]'' <small>(von Bonde, 1922)</small>.
** [[Weak lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus debilis]]'' <small>(Gilbert, 1905)</small>.
** [[Long lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus elongatus]]'' <small>Weber, 1913</small>.
** [[Fison's lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus fisoni]]'' <small>[[William Ogilby|Ogilby]], 1898</small>.
** [[Imperial scaldfish]], ''[[Arnoglossus imperialis]]'' <small>([[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz|Rafinesque]], 1810)</small>.
** [[Japanese lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus japonicus]]'' <small>Hubbs, 1915</small>.
** [[Scaldback]], ''[[Arnoglossus kessleri]]'' <small>Schmidt, 1915</small>.
** [[Scaldfish]], ''[[Arnoglossus laterna]]'' <small>([[Johann Julius Walbaum|Walbaum]], 1792)</small>.
** [[Large-crested lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus macrolophus]]'' <small>[[Alfred William Alcock|Alcock]], 1889</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus marisrubri]]'' <small>Klausewitz & [[Johann Gottlob Schneider|Schneider]], 1986</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus micrommatus]]'' <small>Amaoka, Arai & Gomon, 1997</small>.
** [[Mueller's flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus muelleri]]'' <small>(Klunzinger, 1872)</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus multirastris]]'' <small>Parin, 1983</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus nigrifrons]]'' <small>Amaoka & Mihara, 2000</small>.
** [[Sharp-snout lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus oxyrhynchus]]'' <small>Amaoka, 1969</small>.
** [[Many-spotted lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus polyspilus]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1880)</small>.
** [[Rueppell's scaldback]], ''[[Arnoglossus rueppelii]]'' <small>(Cocco, 1844)</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus sayaensis]]'' <small>Amaoka & Imamura, 1990</small>.
** [[Witch (lefteye flounder)|Witch]], ''[[Arnoglossus scapha]]'' <small>([[Johann Reinhold Forster|Forster]], 1801)</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus septemventralis]]'' <small>Amaoka & Mihara, 2000</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus tapeinosoma]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1865)</small>.
** [[Dwarf lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus tenuis]]'' <small>[[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1880</small>.
** [[Thor's scaldfish]], ''[[Arnoglossus thori]]'' <small>Kyle, 1913</small>.
** [[Waite's lefteye flounder]], ''[[Arnoglossus waitei]]'' <small>Norman, 1926</small>.
** ''[[Arnoglossus yamanakai]]'' <small>Fukui, Yamada & Ozawa, 1988</small>.
* Genus ''[[Asterorhombus]]''
** ''[[Asterorhombus annulatus]]'' <small>(Weber, 1913)</small>.
** [[Bleeker's flounder]], ''[[Asterorhombus bleekeri]]'' <small>(Macleay, 1881)</small>.
** [[Angler flatfish]], ''[[Asterorhombus fijiensis]]'' <small>(Norman, 1931)</small>.
** [[Intermediate flounder]], ''[[Asterorhombus intermedius]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1865)</small>.
** ''[[Asterorhombus osculus]]'' <small>Amaoka & Arai, 1998</small>.
* Genus ''[[Bothus]]''
** ''[[Bothus assimilis]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1862)</small>.
** [[Pacific eyed flounder]], ''[[Bothus constellatus]]'' <small>([[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]], 1889)</small>.
** ''[[Bothus ellipticus]]'' <small>([[Felipe Poey|Poey]], 1860)</small>.
** [[Guinean flounder]], ''[[Bothus guibei]]'' <small>Stauch, 1966</small>.
** [[Pacific leopard flounder]], ''[[Bothus leopardinus]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1862)</small>.
** [[Plate fish]], ''[[Bothus lunatus]]'' <small>([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)</small>.
** [[Mottled flounder]], ''[[Bothus maculiferus]]'' <small>([[Felipe Poey|Poey]], 1860)</small>.
** [[Flowery flounder]], ''[[Bothus mancus]]'' <small>(Broussonet, 1782)</small>.
** [[St. Helena flounder]], ''[[Bothus mellissi]]'' <small>Norman, 1931</small>.
** [[Indo-Pacific oval flounder]], ''[[Bothus myriaster]]'' <small>([[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]] & [[Hermann Schlegel|Schlegel]], 1846)</small>.
** [[Eyed flounder]], ''[[Bothus ocellatus]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1880)</small>.
** [[Leopard flounder]], ''[[Bothus pantherinus]]'' <small>([[Eduard Rüppell|Rüppell]], 1830)</small>.
** [[Wide-eyed flounder]], ''[[Bothus podas]]'' <small>(Delaroche, 1809)</small>.[[Image:Bothus podas.jpg|thumb|240px|[[Wide-eyed flounder]], ''Bothus podas'']]
** [[Twospot flounder]], ''[[Bothus robinsi]]'' <small>Topp & Hoff, 1972</small>.
** ''[[Bothus swio]]'' <small>Hensley, 1997</small>.
** ''[[Bothus tricirrhitus]]'' <small>Kotthaus, 1977</small>.
* Genus ''[[Chascanopsetta]]''
** ''[[Chascanopsetta crumenalis]]'' <small>(Gilbert & Cramer, 1897)</small>.
** ''[[Chascanopsetta elski]]'' <small>Foroshchuk, 1991</small>.
** ''[[Chascanopsetta kenyaensis]]'' <small>Hensley & Smale, 1997</small>.
** [[Pelican flounder]], ''[[Chascanopsetta lugubris]]'' <small>[[Alfred William Alcock|Alcock]], 1894</small>.
** ''[[Chascanopsetta megagnatha]]'' <small>Amaoka & Parin, 1990</small>.
** ''[[Chascanopsetta micrognatha]]'' <small>Amaoka & Yamamoto, 1984</small>.
** ''[[Chascanopsetta prognatha]]'' <small>Norman, 1939</small>.
** ''[[Chascanopsetta prorigera]]'' <small>Gilbert, 1905</small>.
* Genus ''[[Crossorhombus]]''
** [[Blue flounder]], ''[[Crossorhombus azureus]]'' <small>([[Alfred William Alcock|Alcock]], 1889)</small>.
** [[Lord Howe Island flounder]], ''[[Crossorhombus howensis]]'' <small>Hensley & Randall, 1993</small>.
** ''[[Crossorhombus kanekonis]]'' <small>(Tanaka, 1918)</small>.
** [[Kobe flounder]], ''[[Crossorhombus kobensis]]'' <small>([[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & Starks, 1906)</small>.
** [[Broadbrow flounder]], ''[[Crossorhombus valderostratus]]'' <small>([[Alfred William Alcock|Alcock]], 1890)</small>.
* Genus ''[[Engyophrys]]''
** [[Speckled-tail flounder]], ''[[Engyophrys sanctilaurentii]]'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & Bollman, 1890</small>.
** [[American spiny flounder]], ''[[Engyophrys senta]]'' <small>Ginsburg, 1933</small>.
* Genus ''[[Engyprosopon]]''
** ''[[Engyprosopon arenicola]]'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & Evermann, 1903</small>.
** [[Bellona flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon bellonaensis]]'' <small>Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1993</small>.
** [[Cocos Island flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon cocosensis]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1855)</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon filimanus]]'' <small>(Li & Wang, 1982)</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon filipennis]]'' <small>Wu & Tang, 1935</small>.
** [[Largescale flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon grandisquama]]'' <small>([[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]] & [[Hermann Schlegel|Schlegel]], 1846)</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon hawaiiensis]]'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & Evermann, 1903</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon hensleyi]]'' <small>Amaoka & Imamura, 1990</small>.
** [[Hureau's flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon hureaui]]'' <small>Quéro & Golani, 1990</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon latifrons]]'' <small>([[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1908)</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon longipelvis]]'' <small>Amaoka, 1969</small>.
** [[Long pectoral fin flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon longipterum]]'' <small>Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1993</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon macrolepis]]'' <small>([[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1908)</small>.
** [[Olive wide-eyed flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon maldivensis]]'' <small>([[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1908)</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon marquisensis]]'' <small>Amaoka & Séret, 2005</small>.<ref>{{cite journal | journal = Ichthyological Research | doi = 10.1007/s10228-005-0299-x | volume = 52 | issue = 4 | year = 2005 | pages = 373–378 | title = ''Engyprosopon marquisensis'', a new species of bothid flounder (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae) from the Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia) | author = Kunio Amaoka and Bernard Séret}}</ref>
** ''[[Engyprosopon mogkii]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1854)</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon multisquama]]'' <small>Amaoka, 1963</small>.
** [[Natal flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon natalensis]]'' <small>[[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1920</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon obliquioculatum]]'' <small>(Fowler, 1934)</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon raoulensis]]'' <small>Amaoka & Mihara, 1995</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon regani]]'' <small>Hensley & Suzumoto, 1990</small>.
** [[Long snout flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon rostratum]]'' <small>Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1993</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon sechellensis]]'' <small>([[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1908)</small>.
** [[Seven pelvic ray flounder]], ''[[Engyprosopon septempes]]'' <small>Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1993</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon vanuatuensis]]'' <small>Amaoka & Séret, 2005</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon xenandrus]]'' <small>Gilbert, 1905</small>.
** ''[[Engyprosopon xystrias]]'' <small>Hubbs, 1915</small>.
* Genus ''[[Grammatobothus]]''
** [[Krempf's flounder]], ''[[Grammatobothus krempfi]]'' <small>Chabanaud, 1929</small>.
** [[Pennant flounder]], ''[[Grammatobothus pennatus]]'' <small>([[William Ogilby|Ogilby]], 1913)</small>.
** [[Threespot flounder]], ''[[Grammatobothus polyophthalmus]]'' <small>([[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1865)</small>.
* Genus ''[[Japonolaeops]]''
** ''[[Japonolaeops dentatus]]'' <small>Amaoka, 1969</small>.
* Genus ''[[Kamoharaia]]''
** [[Wide-mouthed flounder]], ''[[Kamoharaia megastoma]]'' <small>(Kamohara, 1936)</small>.
* Genus ''[[Laeops]]''
** [[Clear fin-base flounder]], ''[[Laeops clarus]]'' <small>Fowler, 1934</small>.
** ''[[Laeops cypho]]'' <small>Fowler, 1934</small>.
** [[Philippine slender flounder]], ''[[Laeops gracilis]]'' <small>Fowler, 1934</small>.
** [[Günther's flounder]], ''[[Laeops guentheri]]'' <small>[[Alfred William Alcock|Alcock]], 1890</small>.
** ''[[Laeops kitaharae]]'' <small>(Smith & Pope, 1906)</small>.
** ''[[Laeops macrophthalmus]]'' <small>([[Alfred William Alcock|Alcock]], 1889)</small>.[[Image:Laeops macrophthalmus.jpg|thumb|240px|''[[Laeops macrophthalmus]]'']]
** [[Khaki flounder]], ''[[Laeops natalensis]]'' <small>([[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1920)</small>.
** ''[[Laeops nigrescens]]'' <small>Lloyd, 1907</small>.
** [[Blackspotted flounder]], ''[[Laeops nigromaculatus]]'' <small>von Bonde, 1922</small>.
** [[Small headed flounder]], ''[[Laeops parviceps]]'' <small>[[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1880</small>.
** [[Longarm flounder]], ''[[Laeops pectoralis]]'' <small>(von Bonde, 1922)</small>.
** ''[[Laeops tungkongensis]]'' <small>Chen & Weng, 1965</small>.
* Genus ''[[Lophonectes]]''
** [[Crested flounder]], ''[[Lophonectes gallus]]'' <small>[[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1880</small>.
** ''[[Lophonectes mongonuiensis]]'' <small>([[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1914)</small>.
* Genus ''[[Monolene]]''
** [[Slim flounder]], ''[[Monolene antillarum]]'' <small>Norman, 1933</small>.
** [[Asaedae flounder]], ''[[Monolene asaedai]]'' <small>Clark, 1936</small>.
** ''[[Monolene atrimana]]'' <small>[[George Brown Goode|Goode]] & [[Tarleton Hoffman Bean|Bean]], 1886</small>.[[Image:Monolene atrimana.jpg|thumb|240px|''[[Monolene atrimana]]'']]
** ''[[Monolene danae]]'' <small>Bruun, 1937</small>.
** [[Acapulco flounder]], ''[[Monolene dubiosa]]'' <small>[[Samuel Garman|Garman]], 1899</small>.
** ''[[Monolene helenensis]]'' <small>Amaoka & Imamura, 2000</small>.
** [[Pacific deepwater flounder]], ''[[Monolene maculipinna]]'' <small>[[Samuel Garman|Garman]], 1899</small>.
** ''[[Monolene megalepis]]'' <small>Woods, 1961</small>.
** [[Merten's moonflounder]], ''[[Monolene mertensi]]'' <small>(Poll, 1959)</small>.
** [[Smallmouth moonflounder]], ''[[Monolene microstoma]]'' <small>(Kuronuma, 1940)</small>.
** [[Deepwater flounder]], ''[[Monolene sessilicauda]]'' <small>[[George Brown Goode|Goode]], 1880</small>.[[Image:Monolene sessilicauda.jpg|thumb|240px|[[Deepwater flounder]], ''Monolene sessilicauda'']]
* Genus ''[[Neolaeops]]''
** [[Crosseyed flounder]], ''[[Neolaeops microphthalmus]]'' <small>(von Bonde, 1922)</small>.
* Genus ''[[Parabothus]]''
** ''[[Parabothus amaokai]]'' <small>Parin, 1983</small>.
** ''[[Parabothus budkeri]]'' <small>(Chabanaud, 1943)</small>.
** ''[[Parabothus chlorospilus]]'' <small>(Gilbert, 1905)</small>.
** ''[[Parabothus coarctatus]]'' <small>(Gilbert, 1905)</small>.
** ''[[Parabothus filipes]]'' <small>Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1997</small>.
** ''[[Parabothus kiensis]]'' <small>(Tanaka, 1918)</small>.
** ''[[Parabothus malhensis]]'' <small>([[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1908)</small>.
** [[Manyscaled flounder]], ''[[Parabothus polylepis]]'' <small>([[Alfred William Alcock|Alcock]], 1889)</small>.
** ''[[Parabothus taiwanensis]]'' <small>Amaoka & Shen, 1993</small>.
* Genus ''[[Perissias]]''
** [[Striped-fin flounder]], ''[[Perissias taeniopterus]]'' <small>(Gilbert, 1890)</small>.
* Genus ''[[Psettina]]''
** ''[[Psettina brevirictis]]'' <small>([[Alfred William Alcock|Alcock]], 1890)</small>.
** ''[[Psettina filimana]]'' <small>Li & Wang, 1982</small>.
** [[Rough-scaled flounder]], ''[[Psettina gigantea]]'' <small>Amaoka, 1963</small>.
** ''[[Psettina hainanensis]]'' <small>(Wu & Tang, 1935)</small>.
** ''[[Psettina iijimae]]'' <small>([[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & Starks, 1904)</small>.
** ''[[Psettina multisquamea]]'' <small>Fedorov & Foroshchuk, 1988</small>.
** ''[[Psettina profunda]]'' <small>(Weber, 1913)</small>.
** ''[[Psettina senta]]'' <small>(Ginsburg, 1933)</small>.
** ''[[Psettina tosana]]'' <small>Amaoka, 1963</small>.
** ''[[Psettina variegata]]'' <small>(Fowler, 1934)</small>.
* Genus ''[[Taeniopsetta]]''
** [[Indo-Pacific ocellated flounder]], ''[[Taeniopsetta ocellata]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1880)</small>.
** ''[[Taeniopsetta radula]]'' <small>Gilbert, 1905</small>.
* Genus ''[[Tosarhombus]]''
** ''[[Tosarhombus brevis]]'' <small>Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1997</small>.
** ''[[Tosarhombus longimanus]]'' <small>Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1997</small>.
** ''[[Tosarhombus neocaledonicus]]'' <small>Amaoka & Rivaton, 1991</small>.
** ''[[Tosarhombus nielseni]]'' <small>Amaoka & Rivaton, 1991</small.> [[Image:Trichopsetta ventralis.jpg|thumb|240px|[[Sash flounder]], ''Trichopsetta ventralis'']]
** ''[[Tosarhombus octoculatus]]'' <small>Amaoka, 1969</small>.
** ''[[Tosarhombus smithi]]'' <small>(Nielsen, 1964)</small>.
* Genus ''[[Trichopsetta]]''
** [[Caribbean flounder]], ''[[Trichopsetta caribbaea]]'' <small>Anderson & Gutherz, 1967</small>.
** ''[[Trichopsetta melasma]]'' <small>Anderson & Gutherz, 1967</small>.
** ''[[Trichopsetta orbisulcus]]'' <small>Anderson & Gutherz, 1967</small>.
** [[Sash flounder]], ''[[Trichopsetta ventralis]]'' <small>([[George Brown Goode|Goode]] & [[Tarleton Hoffman Bean|Bean]], 1885)</small>.
== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Bothidae| ]]
[[de:Butte (Familie)]]
[[fr:Bothidae]]
[[it:Bothidae]]
[[lt:Rombinės plekšnės]]
[[nl:Botachtigen]]
[[pl:Skarpiowate]]
[[pt:Bothidae]]
[[zh:鮃科]]