Brassicales
3429
207568146
2008-04-23T09:53:01Z
Hethurs
6090344
{{Taxobox
| name = Brassicales
| image = Alliaria petiolata.jpeg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = [[Garlic Mustard]] (''Alliaria petiolata'')<br/>Family [[Brassicaceae]]
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| subclassis = [[Rosidae]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Eurosids II]]
| ordo = '''Brassicales'''
| ordo_authority = [[Edward Ffrench Bromhead|Bromhead]]
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision =
See text.
}}
The '''Brassicales''' are an [[order (biology)|order]] of [[flowering plant]]s, belonging to the [[eurosids II]] group of [[dicotyledon]]s under the [[APG II]] system. Brassicales ''sensu'' APG II includes families classified under [[Capparales]] in previous classifications. One character common to many members of the order is the production of [[glucosinolate]] (mustard oil) compounds.
The APG II system includes the following families<ref>Haston ''et al.'' (2007)</ref>:
* Family [[Akaniaceae]]
* Family [[Bataceae]] (salt-tolerant shrubs from America and [[Australasia]])
* Family [[Brassicaceae]] ([[Mustard plant|mustard]] and [[cabbage]] family)
* Family [[Capparaceae]] ([[caper]] family, sometimes included in [[Brassicaceae]])
* Family [[Caricaceae]] ([[papaya]] family)
* Family [[Gyrostemonaceae]]
* Family [[Koeberliniaceae]]
* Family [[Limnanthaceae]] ([[meadowfoam]] family)
* Family [[Moringa]]ceae (thirteen species of trees from Africa and India)
* Family [[Pentadiplandraceae]]
* Family [[Resedaceae]] ([[Mignonette (Reseda)|mignonette]] family)
* Family [[Salvadoraceae]]
* Family [[Setchellanthaceae]]
* Family [[Tovariaceae]]
* Family [[Tropaeolaceae]] ([[nasturtium]] family)
Under the [[Cronquist system]], the Brassicales were called the '''Capparales''', and included among the "[[Dilleniidae]]". The only families included were the [[Brassicaceae]] and [[Capparaceae]] (treated as separate families), the [[Tovariaceae]], [[Resedaceae]], and [[Moringaceae]]. Other taxa now included here were placed in various different orders.
The circumscriptions of several families are in flux and no consensus has yet emerged; the 1997 [[Takhtajan system]] changed allocations once again, inching towards a clearer structure. Several genera included in Capparaceae as traditionally circumscribed have since proven to be more closely related to Brassicaceae<ref>Hall ''et al.'' (2002)</ref>, and because of this the two families were initially merged under Brassicaceae in the APG II system<ref>APG (2003)</ref>. The subsequent work<ref>e.g. Hall ''et al.'' (2004) and the APG II update by Haston ''et al.'' (2007)</ref> resolved the interrelationships of the Capparaceae-Brassicaceae lineages in more detail and allows to reestablish Capparaceae in a more restricted circumscription, either by including ''[[Cleome]]'' and related genera in Brassicaceae or by recognizing them in the segregate family [[Cleomaceae]]. The relationships of several other genera remain unresolved.
==Footnotes==
{{Reflist}}
==References==
* {{aut|[[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] (APG)}} (2003): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II. ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' '''141'''(4): 399-436. <small>{{doi|10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x}}</small> [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x/pdf PDF fulltext]
* {{aut|Haston, E.; Richardson, J.E.; Stevens, P.F.; Chase, M.W. & Harris, D.J.}} (2007): A linear sequence of Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II families. ''[[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]]'' '''56'''(1): 7-12. [http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax/2007/00000056/00000001/art00002 HTML abstract]
* {{aut|Hall, J.C.; Sytsma, K.J. & Iltis, H.H.}} (2002): Phylogeny of Capparaceae and Brassicaceae based on chloroplast sequence data. ''[[American Journal of Botany|Am. J. Bot.]]'' '''89'''(11): 1826-1842. [http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/reprint/89/11/1826.pdf PDF fulltext]
* {{aut|Hall, J.C.; Iltis, H.H. & Sytsma, K.J.}} (2004): Molecular phylogenetics of core Brassicales, placement of orphan genera ''Emblingia'', ''Forchhammeria'', ''Tirania'', and character evolution. ''Systematic Botany'' 29: 654-669. <small>{{doi|10.1600/0363644041744491}}</small> [http://www.botany.wisc.edu/sytsma/LabWeb/pdf/Hall2004.pdf PDF fulltext]
{{Brassicales-stub}}
{{commons}}
[[Category:Brassicales| ]]
[[ca:Brassical]]
[[da:Korsblomst-ordenen]]
[[de:Kreuzblütlerartige]]
[[et:Kapsalaadsed]]
[[es:Brassicales]]
[[fr:Brassicales]]
[[ko:십자화목]]
[[is:Krossblómabálkur]]
[[la:Brassicales]]
[[ms:Brassicales]]
[[nl:Brassicales]]
[[no:Brassicales]]
[[pt:Brassicales]]
[[ru:Капустоцветные]]
[[fi:Ristikukkaismaiset]]
[[sv:Brassicales]]
[[vi:Bộ Cải]]
[[zh:白花菜目]]