Brighton
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224376435
2008-07-08T16:10:00Z
Discospinster
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Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/Chezmeh|Chezmeh]] ([[User talk:Chezmeh|talk]]) to last version by RedHillian
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{{Infobox UK place |
|official_name= Brighton
|unitary_england= [[Brighton & Hove|Brighton and Hove]]
|lieutenancy_england= [[East Sussex]]
|region= South East England
|country= England
|latitude= 50.842941
|longitude= -0.1313120
|constituency_westminster= [[Brighton Kemptown (UK Parliament constituency)|Brighton Kemptown]]
|constituency_westminster1= [[Brighton Pavilion (UK Parliament constituency)|Brighton Pavilion]]
|post_town= BRIGHTON
|postcode_area= BN
|postcode_district= BN1, BN2
|dial_code= 01273
|os_grid_reference= TQ315065
|population= [[List of English cities by population|155,919]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/areasubject.do|title=Neighbourhood Statistics|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>
|static_image=[[Image:Brighton pier02.JPG|300px]]
|static_image_caption=<small> [[Brighton Pier]], formerly known as Palace Pier</small>
}}
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[[Image:Pavilion.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Royal Pavilion]]]]
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[[Image:Lewes Crescent a.jpg|thumb|250px|Lewes Crescent, the heart of [[Kemp Town]]]]
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[[Image:West Pier Remains.JPG|right|thumb|250px|The remains of the [[West Pier]]]]
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[[Image:Brighton seafront April 2007.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Brighton beach packed in the heat of April 2007]]
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[[Image:BigBeachBoutique.jpeg|thumb|right|250px|[[Big Beach Boutique II|“The Big Beach Boutique II”]]: over 250,000 watched [[Fatboy Slim]] (July 2002)]]
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[[Image:Brighton seafront carshow.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Seafront display of [[Mini]]s after a London to Brighton drive]]
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[[Image:Brighton beach.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Brighton beach]]
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[[Image:Jubilleelibrary.JPG|thumb|right|250px|The Jubilee Library]]
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[[Image:Uk BrightonPierSunset.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Brighton Pier at sunset]]
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'''Brighton''' ({{Audio|en-uk-Brighton.ogg|pronunciation}}) is on the south coast of [[England]], and with its neighbour [[Hove]] forms the [[City status in the United Kingdom|city]] of [[Brighton and Hove]].
The ancient settlement of ''Brighthelmston'' dates from before the [[Domesday Book]] (1086), but it emerged as a health resort during the 18th century and became a destination for [[day-tripper]]s after the arrival of the [[railway]] in 1841. Brighton experienced rapid population growth reaching a peak of over 160,000 by 1961.<ref>Carder, Timothy (1990). ''The Encyclopedia of Brighton''. S.127 East Sussex County Libraries. ISBN 0-86147-315-9</ref> Modern Brighton forms part of a [[Brighton/Worthing/Littlehampton|conurbation]] stretching along the coast, with a population of around 480,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/ssdataset.asp?vlnk=8271&More=Y|title=KS01 Usual resident population: Census 2001, Key Statistics for urban areas|accessdate=2007-04-11}}</ref>
Brighton welcomes 8 million tourists a year with its hotels, restaurants, shops and entertainment facilities, which additionally serve a substantial [[business conference]] industry. Brighton and Hove is also an educational centre with two [[university|universities]], a [[medical school]] and many [[English language]] schools.
==History==
{{main|History of Brighton}}
In the [[Domesday Book]], Brighton was called ''Bristelmestune'' and a rent of 4,000 [[herring]] was established. In June 1514 ''Brighthelmstone'' was burnt to the ground by French raiders during a war between England and [[France]]. Only part of the [[Church of St. Nicholas, Brighton|St. Nicholas Church]] and the street pattern of what is now ''The Lanes'' survived. The first drawing of ''Brighthelmstone'' was made in 1545 and depicts what is believed to be the raid of 1514.<ref>Carder (1990), s.17</ref>
During the 1740s and 1750s, [[Richard Russell (doctor)|Dr Richard Russell]] of [[Lewes]] began prescribing [[seawater]] at Brighton. By 1780, development of the [[Georgian architecture|Georgian terraces]] had started and the fishing village became the fashionable [[resort]] of Brighton. Growth of the town was further encouraged by the patronage of the Prince Regent (later [[George IV of the United Kingdom|King George IV]]) after his first visit in 1783.<ref>Carder (1990), s.71</ref> He spent much of his leisure time in the town and constructed [[Brighton Pavilion|Royal Pavilion]] during the early part of his [[English Regency|Regency]].
The arrival of the [[railway]] in 1841 brought Brighton within the reach of day-trippers from [[London]] and population growth from around 7,000 in 1801 to over 120,000 by 1901.<ref>Carder (1990), s.127</ref> The [[Victorian era]] saw the building of many landmarks including the [[Grand Hotel (Brighton)|Grand Hotel (1864)]], the [[West Pier, Brighton|West Pier (1866)]] and the [[Brighton Pier|Palace Pier (1899)]].
After boundary changes between 1873 and 1952, the land area of Brighton increased from <span style="white-space:nowrap">1,640 acres (7 km²)</span> in 1854 to <span style="white-space:nowrap">14,347 acres (58 km²)</span> in 1952.<ref>Carder (1990), s.13</ref> New housing estates were established in the acquired areas including [[Moulsecoomb]], [[Bevendean]], [[Coldean]] and [[Whitehawk]]. The major expansion of 1928 also incorporated the villages of [[Patcham]], [[Ovingdean]] and [[Rottingdean]], and much council housing was built in parts of [[Woodingdean]] after the [[Second World War]].
More recently, [[gentrification]] of much of Brighton has seen a return of the fashionable image which characterised the growth of the Regency period. Recent housing in the [[North Laine]], for instance, have been kept in keeping with the area.
In 1997 Brighton and Hove were joined to form the [[unitary authority]] of [[Brighton and Hove]], which was granted [[city status in the United Kingdom|city status]] by [[Queen Elizabeth II]] as part of the [[millennium]] celebrations in 2000.
==Landmarks==
{{main|Landmarks and notable buildings of Brighton and Hove}}
The [[Royal Pavilion]] is a former Royal palace built as home for the Prince Regent during the early 1800s and is notable for Indian architecture and Oriental interior design. The building and grounds were purchased by the town in 1849 for £53,000.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dale|first=Antony|title=Brighton Town and Brighton People|year=1976|publisher=Phillimore|location=Chichester|id=ISBN 0-85033-219-2}}</ref>
[[Brighton Pier]] (originally and in full "The Brighton Marine Palace and Pier", and for long known as the Palace Pier) opened in 1899. It features a [[funfair]], restaurants and arcade halls. The funfair has been criticised for its prices, with rides costing up to £8. Brightonians refer to it as Palace Pier in protest at the commercialisation.<ref>[http://www.theargus.co.uk/search/display.var.1333683.0.i_will_never_return_to_the_pier.php The Argus newspaper]</ref><ref>[http://www.theargus.co.uk/search/display.var.1385930.0.pricey_on_the_pier.php The Argus newspaper]</ref><ref>[http://www.theargus.co.uk/search/display.var.1396955.0.pressure_the_pier.php The Argus newspaper]</ref>
[[West Pier, Brighton|West Pier]] was built in 1866 and has been closed since 1975 awaiting renovation, which faces continual set backs, in part because the owners of the Palace Pier, the Noble Organisation, have opposed plans.<ref>[http://www.theargus.co.uk/search/display.var.833259.0.pier_threatens_to_unplug_rival.php Pier Threatens To Unplug Rival (from The Argus)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The West Pier is one of only two Grade I [[Listed building|listed]] piers in the [[United Kingdom]], but suffered two fires in 2003. Plans for a new landmark in its place – the [[i360]], a 183m (600 ft) observation tower designed by [[London Eye]] architects Marks Barfield – were announced in June 2006. Plans were approved by the council on [[11 October]] [[2006]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/southern_counties/6039722.stm|title=BBC NEWS - England - Southern Counties - Tall tower rises from pier ashes|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>
Created in 1883, [[Volk's Electric Railway]] runs along the inland edge of the beach from Brighton Pier to Black Rock. It is the world's oldest operating [[electric railway]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.volkselectricrailway.co.uk|title=Home page of VERA - Volks Electric Railway Group|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>
The 11th century [[Church of St. Nicholas, Brighton|St. Nicholas Church]] is the oldest building in Brighton, commonly known as "the mother church".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.regencybrighton.com/outabout/st_nicholas/|title=St. Nicholas Church - Out & About - Regency Square Area Society|accessdate=2007-04-11}}</ref> Other notable churches include [[St. Bartholomew's Church, Brighton|St. Bartholomew's]], and the [[Church of St. Peter, Brighton|Church of St. Peter]], in the heart of Brighton on an island between the main roads to London and Lewes.
===Beaches===
The seafront has bars, restaurants, nightclubs and amusement arcades, principally between the piers. Being less than an hour from London by train has made the city a popular destination. Brighton beach has a [[nudist]] area (south of the easterly part of [[Kemptown]]). Brighton's beach has been awarded a [[Blue Flag Beach|blue flag]].
Since the 1978 demolition of the open-air lido at Black Rock, the most easterly part of Brighton's seafront, the area has been developed and now features one of Europe's largest [[Brighton Marina|marinas]]. However, the site of the pool itself remains empty except for a skate park and graffiti wall, and further development is planned including a high-rise hotel which has aroused debate, mirroring proposals for the King Alfred leisure centre in Hove.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} In addition, part of the eastern side of the beach has been redeveloped into a sports complex, which has courts for anything from [[volleyball]] to [[Ultimate (sport)|ultimate Frisbee]], opened to the public in March 2007.
==Culture==
===Night-life and popular music===
{{main|Night-life and popular music of Brighton and Hove}}
Brighton is associated with [[popular music]] artists — for a list, see [[night-life and popular music of Brighton and Hove]]. There are 400 [[public house|pubs]] and many [[nightclub]]s. There are also live music venues including the [[Brighton Centre]] and the [[Brighton Dome]]. There are gigs every night. [[Queen (band)|Queen]]'s song Brighton Rock is centred on Brighton.
One of the most prominent musical events has been the "[[Big Beach Boutique II]]" of [[July 13]] [[2002]], where 250,000 attended on the beachfront and watched [[Fatboy Slim]].
===Public events===
Brighton hosts conferences including those held by [[political parties]], often around the Brighton Centre, [[Grand Hotel (Brighton)|Grand Hotel]] and Metropole hotel. A range of sport and leisure clubs, in particular cycling and motoring clubs, hold [[London to Brighton events]], culminating in a display on Madeira Drive, which is closed to traffic for this purpose on many Sundays throughout summer
===Festivals===
{{main|Brighton Festival}}
{{main|Brighton Festival Fringe}}
Each May the city hosts ''[[Brighton Festival]]'', England's largest arts festival. This includes processions such as the ''Children's Parade'', outdoor spectaculars often involving pyrotechnics, and theatre, music and visual arts in venues throughout the city, some brought into this use exclusively for the festival. The earliest feature of the festival, "Open Houses", are homes of artists and craftspeople, opened to the public as galleries and usually selling the work of the inhabitant.
''[[Brighton Festival Fringe]]'' runs alongside Brighton Festival, and has grown to the second largest fringe festival in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visitbritain.com/VB3-en/experiences/cities/focus_on/brighton_fringe.aspx|title=Brighton Fringe Festival 2006 - Cities - VisitBritain|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>. Together with the street performers from Brighton Festival's "Streets of Brighton" events, and the [[Royal Mile]]-esque outdoor performances that make up "Fringe City", outdoor spectacles and events more than double during May.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brightonfestivalfringe.org.uk/press/index.asp?ID=122|title=Brighton Fringe Festival 2007. 5th May - 28th May 2007.|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>
Other festivals include ''The Great Escape'' in May, featuring three nights of bands across the city; the ''[[Soundwaves Festival]]'' in June, which shows classical music composed in the 21st century, and involves both amateur and professional performers; ''Brighton Live'' which each September stages a week of free gigs in pubs to show local bands; and ''[[Brighton Pride]]'' (see Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community, below).
On [[1 September]] [[2007]], competitors from the United Kingdom, [[United States]], [[Germany]] and other countries convened for the ''[[World Beard and Moustache Championship]]'' . Hosted by The Handlebar Club, categories include Dali moustache, goatee and full beard freestyle.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/sussex/6972315.stm BBC NEWS, Bearded wonders go head to head]</ref> Additionally, Brighton is permanent home to notable moustache advocate [[Michael "Atters" Attree]].
===Museums===
Brighton museums include ''Brighton Museum and Art Gallery'', ''Booth Museum of Natural History'', ''Brighton Fishing Museum'' and ''Brighton Toy and Model Museum''.
{{further|[[Landmarks and notable buildings of Brighton and Hove]]}}
===Galleries and art facilities===
There are private galleries, including some in the arches on the seafront. A widespread practice is to display and sell art in cafés, pubs and bars.
[[Phoenix Arts Association]] is a charity providing 100 artist studio spaces and exhibitions and educational activities. Before the formation of the charity, the ''Phoenix Gallery'', its 1960s office close to the former Phoenix brewery was [[squatting|squatted]], and operated by a co-operative of artists which had formed in 1993 to provide cheap studios.
{{further|[[Landmarks and notable buildings of Brighton and Hove]]}}
===Theatre and cinema===
Theatres include the expanded [[Komedia (Brighton)|Komedia]] (also as a music venue) and the [[Theatre Royal, Brighton|Theatre Royal]] which celebrated its 200th anniversary in 2007. There are also smaller theatres such as the ''Marlborough Theatre'' and ''Nightingale Theatre'', both above pubs, which attract mostly local productions.
Brighton also has a history of involvement with the film industry, and the [[Duke of York's Picture House]] has been in operation since [[22 September]] [[1910]].
{{further|[[Brighton in film]]}}
===Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community===
{{main|LGBT community of Brighton and Hove}}
Brighton has a substantial LGBT community, served by shops, bars and night-clubs in addition to support organisations. It is referred to as "the gay capital of Britain"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/southern_counties/4546976.stm|title=BBC NEWS - England - Southern Counties - Couples tie knot in 'gay capital'|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>, in a similar vein to [[San Francisco]] in the USA and [[Cologne]] in [[Germany]]. [[Brighton Pride|Gay Pride]] carnival every August attracts thousands. It consists of a carnival parade and a party and funfair in [[Preston Park, Brighton|Preston Park]]. There is also a "Winter Pride" in February.
===Ethnicity===
Brighton and Hove has organisations supporting many faiths and ethnic minorities, such as ''[http://www.mosaicbrighton.org.uk/ MOSAIC]'', a black- and mixed-parentage family group.
==Economy==
Brighton has a high density of businesses involved in media, particularly digital or "new media", and since the 1990s has been referred to as "Silicon Beach". According to the Boho Britain creativity index developed by United States economic regeneration expert [[Richard Florida]], Brighton and Hove ranks sixth of 66 British new cities when measured against the three criteria of his index. Florida states the index measures the appeal of cities to the new "[[creative class]]" and is an indicator of a city’s health.
[[American Express]] has a building in Edward Street. It employs around 3000, the largest private employer in the city. {{Fact|date=February 2007}}
The Lanes is a retail, leisure and residential area near the seafront, characterised by narrow alleyways following the street pattern of the original fishing village. The Lanes are predominantly clothing stores, jewellers, antique shops, restaurants and pubs. The North Laine area is a retail, leisure and residential area immediately north of The Lanes. Its name derives from the Anglo-Saxon "Laine" meaning "fields". North Laine contains a mix of businesses dominated by cafés, independent and avant-garde shops, and theatres. Churchill Square is an indoor [[shopping mall|shopping centre]] with a floor space of 470,000 sq ft (43,663 m²) and 85 shops, 5 restaurants and 1,600 car spaces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.churchillsquare.co.uk/index.php?id=271|title=Churchill Square Shopping Centre: Churchill Square Food|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref> It was built in the 1960s as an open-air pedestrianised shopping centre, but was rebuilt in 1998 and is no longer open-air. Further retail areas include Western Road and London Road.
==Education==
[[Image:Roedean.JPG|right|thumb|250px|[[Roedean School]]]]
Brighton & Hove City Council is responsible for 80 schools of which 54 are in Brighton.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/index.cfm?request=c1001684&action=dsp_lists&type=all&desc=all|title=Brighton & Hove City Council - school contact information|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>
The [[University of Brighton]], the former ''Brighton [[Polytechnic]]'', has a student population of 20,017 of which 80% are undergraduates.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brighton.ac.uk/aboutus/facts/population.php?PageId=703|title=Facts and figures - University of Brighton|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref> The University is on several sites with additional buildings in [[Falmer]] and [[Eastbourne]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brighton.ac.uk/maps/brighton.php?PageId=754|title=Maps and directions - University of Brighton|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>
The [[University of Sussex]] is a "[[plate glass university]]" based on a campus between [[Stanmer Park]] and [[Falmer]], four miles from the city centre. It has a student population of 10,563 of which 70% are undergraduates.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/Units/publications/factsandfigures/2005-06/|title=Communications Division Facts and Figures 2003-04|accessdate=2007-08-20}}</ref>
A range of non-university courses for students over 16, mainly in [[vocational education]] subjects, is provided at the [[further education college]], [http://www.ccb.ac.uk/ City College Brighton and Hove]. More academic subjects can be studied for 16-18 year olds at
[http://www.bhasvic.ac.uk/ BHASVIC (Brighton, Hove and Sussex VIth form College)],in the Seven Dials area. Varndean College in North Brighton occupies a commanding position . The 1920s building is celebrated for its facade and internal quads. The college offers academic [[Advanced Level (UK)|A levels]] and vocational courses.
There are [[state schools]], some [[Education in England#Categories of schools|faith schools]]. Notable state schools include [[Patcham High School]], [[Dorothy Stringer]], [[Blatchington Mill School and Sixth Form College]], [[Varndean]], [[Hove Park]], [[Falmer High School]] and [[Cardinal Newman]] (a large [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] secondary school, which also caters for the children of the large [[Coptic Church|Coptic Orthodox]] community).
There are also a number of [[Independent school (UK)|private schools]], including [[Brighton College]], [[Lancing College|Lancing Prep]], [[Roedean School]], a [[Waldorf Education|Steiner]] School and a [[Montessori]] School. As with the state schools, some independents are faith-based; Torah Academy, the last [[Judaism|Jewish]] primary school, closed at the end of the 2007.
In the summer, thousands of students from all over Europe gather to attend language courses at the many language schools.
==Politics==
:''For the local authority, see [[Brighton and Hove]]''
Brighton and Hove is covered by part of the [[Brighton Kemptown (UK Parliament constituency)|Brighton Kemptown]] constituency, [[Brighton Pavilion (UK Parliament constituency)|Brighton Pavilion]] constituency and [[Hove (UK Parliament constituency)|Hove]] constituency in the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]]. All three Members of Parliament elected at the [[United Kingdom general election, 2005|2005 General Election]] were from the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]. The city is in the [[European Parliament constituency]] of ''[[South East England (European Parliament constituency)|South-East England]]''. The [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]] held 22% of the vote in Brighton Pavilion constituency in the [[United Kingdom general election, 2005|2005 general election]], compared with 1% nationally, in addition to holding one of the ten [[European Parliament]] seats for the South East Region.
The political campaigning group [[Justice?]] and its [[SchNEWS]] newspaper are based in Brighton, at The [[Cowley Club]] libertarian social centre; also in the town is the [[Brighton and Hove Palestine Solidarity Campaign]]. The presence of a British subsidiary of the [[United States]] arms company [[EDO Corporation]] in [[Moulsecoomb]], Brighton, has been the cause of protests since 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smashedo.org.uk/|title=smashEDO|accessdate=2007-04-11}}</ref>
==Sport==
Brighton is home of [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion Football Club]]. There is also an annual [[beach soccer]] competition in a temporary stadium on imported sand on the beach. The inaugural contest in June 2002 featured football stars such as [[Eric Cantona]] and [[Matthew Le Tissier]].
Brighton has a [[horse-racing]] course, [[Brighton Racecourse]], with the unusual feature that when the full length of the course is to be used, some of the grass turf of the track has to be laid over the tar at the top of Wilson Avenue, a public road, which therefore has to be closed for the races.
Brighton is home to Brighton Football Club (RFU)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brightonrugby.org.uk/|title=Brighton Rugby Club - Sussex, south of England|accessdate=2007-04-11}}</ref> which is one of the oldest Rugby Clubs in England.
[[Brighton Bears]] are in the [[British Basketball League]].
Brighton plays host to Brighton Ultimate, an [[Ultimate (sport)|ultimate Frisbee]] team.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brightonultimate.co.uk/|title=Brighton Ultimate frisbee team website}}</ref> The team was set up in 1985 and is one of the country's longest running clubs.{{Fact|date=November 2007}} It has produced players at international level.{{Fact|date=November 2007}}
[[Brighton Tsunami]] American Football Club was started in 2000 for students of the [[University of Brighton]]. It plays at the university's Falmer site, between November and March.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brightontsunami.com/|title= Brighton Tsunami American Football Club}}</ref>
Motorcycle speedway racing was staged at the Brighton and Hove Greyhound Stadium in 1928.
Brighton and Hove has [[pétanque]] terrains on the seafront.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhpetanque.org.uk/|title= Brighton and Hove Pétanque Club}}</ref>
There are yachting clubs at the [[Brighton Marina|marina]], such as SailnetUK.
==Transport==
:{{Main|Transport in Brighton and Hove}}
Public transport dates back to 1840. There are several [[Transport in Brighton and Hove#Rail|railway]] stations, [[Transport in Brighton and Hove#Buses|bus services]], [[Transport in Brighton and Hove#Taxis|taxis]], and coach services. A [[Transport in Brighton and Hove#Rapid Transport System|Rapid Transport System]]<ref name="rapida">{{cite web
|url=http://www.theargus.co.uk/search/display.var.1305605.0.transport_project_will_cut_journey_times.php
|title=Transport Project Will Cut Journey Times (from The Argus)
|accessdate=2007-04-25}}</ref><ref name="rapidt">{{cite web
|url=http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/downloads/bhcc/transport/rapid_transport_report%5b1%5d.pdf
|title=Brighton and Hove City Council - Major Scheme Business Case - Rapid Transport System
|accessdate=2007-04-25}}</ref> is under construction and in the past it has had trolley buses, ferries, [[Transport in Brighton and Hove#Trams|trams]] and hydrofoil services.
Frequent trains operate from [[Brighton railway station|Brighton Station]]. Destinations include [[Victoria station (London)|London Victoria]], [[London Bridge station|London Bridge]], [[Gatwick Airport]], [[Portsmouth]], [[Ashford, Kent]], [[Reading, Berkshire]] and [[Bedford, Bedfordshire|Bedford]]. Twice-daily services also operate to [[Birmingham]] and [[Manchester]], and via [[Bristol]] to [[Wales]]. The fastest service from London Victoria takes 51 minutes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://travel.independent.co.uk/uk/article8880.ece|title=Bedside the seaside - Independent Online Edition > UK|accessdate=2007-04-11}}</ref>
[[Brighton & Hove Bus and Coach Company]] operates 300 buses. There is also a limited night service. Brighton seafront is the home of the [[Volks Electric Railway]], the world's oldest electric railway.
==See also==
{{Portal|East Sussex|portal.svg}}
{{Brightonportal}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Brighton (England)}}
*[[Brighton in fiction]]
*[[Brighton in film]]
*[[Eurovision Song Contest 1974]]
*[[List of people from Brighton and Hove]]
*[[The Argus (Brighton)|The Argus (newspaper)]]
*[[Royal Alexandra Hospital, Brighton|Royal Alexandra Hospital for Sick Children]]
*[[Brighton hotel bombing]]
==References and notes==
{{reflist|2}}
==External links==
{{commonscat|Brighton}}
* {{dmoz|Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/England/East_Sussex/Brighton_and_Hove}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.mapofbrighton.com|title=Brighton Map.|accessdate=2008-03-19}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/|title=Brighton & Hove City Council - home page|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.visitbrighton.com|title=Brighton & Hove Tourist Information: Brighton Beach, Pier, Centre, Hotel|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.fringereview.co.uk/fringePlayListCategory.php?playName=Brighton%20Fringe%202008|title= Brighton Fringe Festival 2008 reviews}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.brightonfestival.org|title=Brighton Festival 2008 - Welcome to the 42nd Brighton Festival|accessdate=2008-03-19}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.brightonfestivalfringe.org.uk|title=Brighton Fringe Festival 2007. 5th May - 28th May 2007.|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.realbrighton.com|title=Brighton nightlife listings, clubbing photos & directory.|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q=brighton&ie=UTF8&ll=50.820469,-0.135183&spn=0.018463,0.039911&t=k&z=15&om=1|title=Brighton from Space - Satellite image of Brighton courtesy of Google Maps|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.brighton.virtualmuseum.info/|title=Brighton Museum & Art Gallery|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.mybrightonandhove.org.uk/|title=My Brighton and Hove|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.btinternet.com/~ted.power/rp00.html|title=History of Brighton and the Royal Pavilion palace|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.arthurlloyd.co.uk/BrightonTheatresIndex.htm|title=Brighton, Sussex, Theatres and Halls - Index|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.citylibraries.info/pictures/|title=Brighton & Hove in Pictures|accessdate=2007-08-20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.brightoncross.co.uk|title= Brighton Cross - A straight line walk across Brighton}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.phoenixarts.org/|title= Phoenix Arts Association }}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.visitbrighton.com/|title= Official Brighton Tourism Guide }}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.stmaryshall.co.uk/|title= St Mary's School Brighton }}
*{{cite web|url=http://brightonpeople.wordpress.com/|title= Brighton People Photo Resource}}
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[[Category:Brighton and Hove]]
[[Category:Coastal cities]]
[[Category:Former non-metropolitan districts]]
[[Category:Seaside resorts in England]]
[[Category:Towns in East Sussex]]
[[Category:Articles including recorded pronunciations (UK English)]]
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[[bn:ব্রাইটন]]
[[br:Brighton]]
[[bg:Брайтън (Англия)]]
[[ca:Brighton]]
[[cs:Brighton]]
[[cy:Brighton]]
[[da:Brighton]]
[[de:Brighton]]
[[es:Brighton]]
[[eo:Brajtono]]
[[eu:Brighton]]
[[fr:Brighton]]
[[id:Brighton]]
[[it:Brighton]]
[[he:ברייטון]]
[[la:Bristelmestuna]]
[[lv:Braitona]]
[[hu:Brighton]]
[[nah:Brighton, East Sussex]]
[[nl:Brighton]]
[[ja:ブライトン]]
[[no:Brighton]]
[[nrm:Brighton]]
[[pl:Brighton (Anglia)]]
[[pt:Brighton]]
[[ro:Brighton]]
[[qu:Brighton]]
[[ru:Брайтон]]
[[simple:Brighton]]
[[sk:Brighton]]
[[sr:Брајтон]]
[[sh:Brighton]]
[[sv:Brighton]]
[[zh:布赖顿]]