Buckram
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タチコマ robot
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robot Adding: [[pl:Bukram]]
:''This article is about the cloth. For Buckrams (''Allium ursinum''), see [[Ramsons]]''.
[[Image:Buckram variety.jpg|thumb|Buckram is available in many colors.]]
'''Buckram''' is a stiff [[cloth]], made of [[cotton]], and still occasionally [[linen]], which is used to cover and protect [[book]]s. Buckram can also be used to stiffen [[clothes]]. Modern buckrams have been stiffened by soaking in a substance, usually now [[pyroxylin]], to fill the gaps between the fibres<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A261055|title=Buckram|publisher=BBC h2g2|accessdate=2008-03-21}}</ref>.
[[Image:Buckram twosides.jpg|left|thumb|Buckram can be dull or shiny.]]
In the [[Middle Ages]], "bokeram" was fine cotton cloth, not stiff. The etymology of the term is uncertain; the commonly mentioned derivation from [[Bokhara]]<ref>Donald King in Jonathan Alexander & Paul Binski (eds), ''Age of Chivalry, Art in Plantagenet England, 1200-1400'', p157, Royal Academy/Weidenfeld & Nicholson, London 1987 </ref> is, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, uncertain.
[[Millinery]] buckram is different from bookbinding buckram. It is impregnated with a starch, which allows it to be softened in water, pulled over a [[hat block]], and left to dry into a hard shape. White buckram is most commonly used in hatmaking, though black is available as well. Millinery buckram comes in three weights: baby buckram (often used for children's and dolls' hats), single-ply buckram, and double buckram (also known as "theatrical crown").
==References==
<references/>
==See also==
* [[Bookbinding]]
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[[Category:Woven fabrics]]
[[pl:Bukram]]