Budesonide
1264814
224303470
2008-07-08T06:53:33Z
VolkovBot
3035831
robot Adding: [[pt:Budesonide]]
{{drugbox
| IUPAC_name = 16,17-(butylidenebis(oxy))-11,21-dihydroxy-, (11-β,16-α)-pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
| image = Budesonide.png
| width = 200
| CAS_number = 51333-22-3
| ATC_prefix = A07
| ATC_suffix = EA06
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|D07|AC09}}, {{ATC|R01|AD05}}, {{ATC|R03|BA02}}
| PubChem = 63006
| DrugBank = APRD00442
| C=25 | H=34 | O=6
| molecular_weight = 430.534 g/mol
| smiles = CCCC1O[C@@H]2C[C@H]3[C@@H]4CCC5=CC(=O)C=C[C@]5(C)[C@H]4[C@@H](O)C[C@]3(C)[C @@]2(O1)C(=O)CO
| bioavailability = 100% (but large first pass effect)
| protein_bound = 85-90%
| metabolism = Hepatic [[CYP3A4]]
| elimination_half-life = 2.0-3.6 hours
| excretion = Renal, Faecal
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US = C
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_AU = <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S3 / S4 / S8 -->
| legal_CA = <!-- / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration = Oral, Nasal, tracheal, rectal
}}
'''Budesonide''' is a [[glucocorticoid]] [[steroid]] for the treatment of [[asthma]], non-infectious [[rhinitis]] (including [[hay fever]] and other allergies), and for treatment and prevention of [[nasal polyp | nasal polyposis]]. Additionally, it is used for [[inflammatory bowel disease]]. It is marketed by [[AstraZeneca]] as a [[nasal]] inhalation with the brand name '''Rhinocort''' (in Denmark, as '''Rhinosol'''), as an oral inhalation with the brand name '''Pulmicort''', and as an enema and a modified-release capsule with the brand name '''Entocort'''. It is also sold in combination with [[formoterol]] (Oxis) in a single inhaler, with the brand name [[Symbicort]].
==Pharmacology==
Budesonide has a high first pass [[metabolism]]. It has efficacy in the terminal [[ileum]] and the right [[Colon (anatomy)|colon]]. Budesonide in comparison with prednisolone has been associated with fewer bone density losses and unlike other corticosteroids has little influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis which also limit the need of tapering before discontinuation. Overall, it has a lower incidence of systemic manifestations than similar medications.
==Side Effects==
Budesonide may cause<ref>[http://www.emedicinehealth.com/budesonide-nasal_aerosol_inhaler/article.htm]</ref>:
* nose irritation or burning
* bleeding or sores in the nose
* lightheadedness
* upset stomach
* cough
* hoarseness
* dry mouth
* rash
* sore throat
* bad taste in mouth
* change in [[mucus]] color
In addition the following should be reported:
* Immediately if difficulty breathing or swelling of the face
* white patches in the throat, mouth, or nose
* irregular menstrual periods
* severe acne
* rarely, behavioral changes -- when these do occur, they seem to mostly affect children. For citation, see reference above.
==Recall==
Pulmicort inhalers were recalled in 2002 because there was concern that they may not always have provided the full dosage.
==External links==
* [http://www.asthma-and-you.com Latest Asthma News!]
* [http://www.astrazeneca-us.com/pi/entocortec.pdf FDA Label (PDF)]
* [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a601030.html National Institute of Health's Medline about Budesonide]
{{Antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents}}
{{Nasal preparations}}
{{Asthma_and_copd_rx}}
{{Corticosteroids}}
[[Category:Glucocorticoids]]
[[Category:Asthma]]
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