Butalbital
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2008-05-28T17:34:51Z
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{{drugbox
| IUPAC_name = ''5-(2-methylpropyl)-5-(2-propenyl)-<BR>2,4,6(1''H'',3''H'',5''H'')-pyrimidinetrione''
| image = Butalbital.png
| width = 160
| CAS_number = 77-26-9
| ATC_prefix =
| ATC_suffix =
| PubChem = 2481
| DrugBank = APRD00266
| C=11 | H=16 | N=2 | O=3
| molecular_weight = 224.256
| bioavailability = well absorbed
| metabolism = [[Liver|hepatic]]
| elimination_half-life = 35 hours
| excretion = ?
| pregnancy_US = D
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_US = Schedule III
| routes_of_administration = oral
}}
'''Butalbital''', 5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid, is a [[barbiturate]] with an intermediate duration of action. It has the same chemical formula as [[talbutal]] but a different structure. Butalbital is often combined with other medications, such as paracetamol (acetaminophen) or aspirin, and is commonly prescribed for the treatment of [[pain]] and [[headache]]. The various formulations combined with codeine are [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] approved for the treatment of [[tension headache]]s.
Combinations include:
*butalbital and [[paracetamol]] ([[acetaminophen]]) (trade names: Axocet, Bucet, Bupap, Cephadyn, Dolgic, Phrenilin, Phrenilin Forte, Sedapap)
*butalbital, [[paracetamol]] (acetaminophen), and [[caffeine]] (trade names: [[Fioricet]], Esgic, Esgic-Plus)
*butalbital and [[aspirin]] (trade name: Axotal)
*butalbital, aspirin, and [[caffeine]] (trade names [[Fiorinal]], Fiormor, Fiortal, Fortabs, Laniroif)
*butalbital, [[paracetamol]] ([[acetaminophen]]), [[caffeine]], and [[codeine phosphate]] ([[Fioricet #3 with Codeine]])
*butalbital, [[aspirin]], [[caffeine]], and [[codeine phosphate]] (trade name: [[Fiorinal #3 with Codeine]])
[[Image:Fioricet.jpg|thumb|right|60|Fioricet (50/40/325)]]
==Side effects==
Side effects for any drug are difficult to predict, but commonly reported side effects for butalbital include:
*[[Dizziness]]
*[[Drowsiness]]
*[[Intoxication|Intoxicated]] feeling
*Light-headedness
*[[Nausea]]
*[[Sedation]]
*[[Euphoria]]
*[[Addiction]]
*Severe impairment of [[judgement]]
''There are other potential side effects; this list should not be considered all-inclusive.''
==Dangers and Risks==
Butalbital is a [[Physical dependence|physically]] and psychologically addictive [[barbiturate]]. Butalbital should not be mixed with [[alcohol]] due to increased risk of intoxication, increased respiratory depression, and increased liver toxicity when it is a butalbital combination including paracetamol.
''There are other potential risks; this list should not be considered all-inclusive.''
==External links==
{{cite web | title=Butalbital | work=On-line Medical Dictionary | url=http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?query=butalbital&action=Search+OMD | accessmonthday=June 26 | accessyear=2005}}
{{cite web | title=Butalbital and Acetaminophen (Systemic) | work=MedicinePlus Drug Information | url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202102.html | accessmonthday=December 31 | accessyear=2006}}
{{Cite web|url=http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/listby_sched/sched3.htm|title=Controlled Substances in Schedule III|accessdate=2007-01-13|publisher=Drug Enforcement Administration|year=2007}}
{{Barbiturates}}
[[Category:Barbiturates]]
[[Category:Sedatives]]
[[fi:Butalbitaali]]