Buttonquail
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219522797
2008-06-15T17:08:17Z
SilvonenBot
6351353
robot Modifying: [[ca:Turnícid]]
{{Taxobox
| name = Buttonquail
| image = Turnix sylvatica.jpg
| image_caption = [[Small Buttonquail]]
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Charadriiformes]]
| familia = '''Turnicidae'''
| familia_authority = [[George Robert Gray|GR Gray]], 1840
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =
''[[Turnix]]''<br>
''[[Ortyxelos]]''
| range_map = Turnicidae rangmap.PNG
| range_map_width = 250px
| range_map_caption = Distribution of the Buttonquails.
}}
The '''buttonquails''' or '''hemipodes''' are a small family of [[bird]]s which resemble, but are unrelated to, the true [[quail]]s.
Buttonquail were traditionally placed in [[Gruiformes]] or [[Galliformes]] (the crane and pheasant orders). The [[Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy]] elevated them to ordinal status as the '''Turniciformes''' and [[Basal (phylogenetics)|basal]] to other [[Neoaves]] either because their accelerated rate of molecular evolution exceeded the limits of sensitivity of [[DNA-DNA hybridization]] or because the authors did not perform the appropriate pairwise comparisons or both. Morphological, DNA-DNA hybridization and [[DNA sequence|sequence]] data (Paton ''et al''., 2003; Fain & Houde, 2004, Paton & Baker 2006) indicate that turnicids correctly belong to the shorebirds ([[Charadriiformes]]). They seem to be an ancient group among these, as indicated by the buttonquail-like [[Early Oligocene]] [[fossil]] ''[[Turnipax]]'' and the collected molecular data (Paton & Baker 2006).
This is an Old World group, which inhabits warm grasslands.
These are small drab running birds, which avoid flying. The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.
==Species==
All but one (the [[Quail-plover]], ''Ortyxelos meiffrenii'') of the 15 species are in the genus '''''Turnix'''''.
* [[Small Buttonquail]], or Andalusian Hemipode, ''Turnix sylvatica''
* [[Philippine Buttonquail]], ''Turnix worcesteri''
* [[Sumba Buttonquail]], ''Turnix everetti''
* [[Hottentot Buttonquail]], ''Turnix hottentotta''
* [[Yellow-legged Buttonquail]], ''Turnix tanki''
* [[Barred Buttonquail]], ''Turnix suscitator''
* [[Madagascar Buttonquail]], ''Turnix nigricollis''
* [[Spotted Buttonquail]], ''Turnix ocellata''
* [[Black-breasted Buttonquail]], ''Turnix melanogaster''
* [[Painted Buttonquail]], ''Turnix varia''
* [[Chestnut-backed Buttonquail]], ''Turnix castanota''
* [[Red-chested Buttonquail]], ''Turnix pyrrhothorax''
* [[Red-backed Buttonquail]], ''Turnix maculosa''
* [[Little Buttonquail]], ''Turnix velox''
* [[Buff-breasted Buttonquail]], ''Turnix olivei''
==References==
* '''Fain''', Matthew G. & '''Houde''', Peter (2004): Parallel radiations in the primary clades of birds. ''[[Evolution (journal)|Evolution]]'' '''58'''(11): 2558-2573. <small>{{doi|10.1554/04-235}}</small> [http://biology-web.nmsu.edu/houde/Parallel_radiations.pdf PDF fulltext]
* '''Paton''', Tara A. & '''Baker''', Allan J. (2006): Sequences from 14 mitochondrial genes provide a well-supported phylogeny of the Charadriiform birds congruent with the nuclear RAG-1 tree. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' '''39'''(3): 657–667. <small>{{DOI|10.1016/j.ympev.2006.01.011}}</small> (HTML abstract)
* '''Paton''', T. A.; Baker, A. J.; Groth, J. G. & Barrowclough, G. F. (2003): RAG-1 sequences resolve phylogenetic relationships within charadriiform birds. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' '''29''': 268-278. <small>{{doi|10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00098-8}}</small> (HTML abstract)
* [[Charles Sibley|'''Sibley''', Charles Gald]] & [[Jon Edward Ahlquist|'''Ahlquist''', Jon Edward]] (1990): ''Phylogeny and classification of birds''. Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn.
==External links==
*[http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/familia.phtml?idFamilia=42 Buttonquail videos] on the Internet Bird Collection
*[http://www.cyberquail.com/ cyberquail]
[[Category:Turnicidae|*]]
[[Category:Turniciformes|*]]
[[Category:Bird families]]
[[bg:Трипръстки]]
[[ca:Turnícid]]
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[[es:Turnicidae]]
[[eo:Turnicedoj]]
[[fr:Turnicidae]]
[[hr:Prepeličarke]]
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[[hu:Guvatfürjfélék]]
[[nl:Vechtkwartels]]
[[ja:ミフウズラ目 (Sibley)]]
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[[pt:Turniciformes]]
[[ru:Трёхпёрстки]]
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