CD14 3764305 224267112 2008-07-08T02:03:40Z ProteinBoxBot 3991663 Replaced protein Box Template with PBB Template for easy viewing. {{PBB|geneid=929}} '''CD14''' is a membrane-associated [[glycosylphosphatidylinositol]]-linked [[protein]] expressed at the surface of cells, especially [[macrophages]]. CD14 takes its name from its inclusion in the [[cluster of differentiation]] group of cell surface marker proteins. CD14 was the first described [[pattern recognition receptor]]. ==Function== CD14 acts as a co-receptor (along with the [[Toll-like receptor]] [[TLR 4]] and [[Ly96|MD-2]]) for the detection of bacterial [[lipopolysaccharide]]. [[Image:Toll-like receptor pathways revised.jpg|thumbnail|center|500px|Signaling pathway of toll-like receptors. Dashed grey lines represent unknown associations]] ==Production== A soluble form '''sCD14''' is secreted by the [[liver]] and [[monocyte]]s and is sufficient in low concentrations to confer LPS-responsiveness to cells which otherwise do not express CD14. ==Differentiation== '''CD14+''' are [[monocytes]] that can differentiate into a host of different cells. (A '+' sign refers to the presence of the CD14 protein on a cell. ) One type of cell is the [[dendritic cell]], where differentiation is encouraged by [[cytokines]]. Examples of cytokines that will cause dendritic cell differentiation includes [[GM-CSF]] and [[Interleukin-4|IL-4]]. ==External links== * {{MeshName|CD14+Antigens}} ==References== {{reflist}} ==Further reading== {{refbegin | 2}} {{PBB_Further_reading | citations = *{{cite journal | author=Todd RF, Petty HR |title=Beta 2 (CD11/CD18) integrins can serve as signaling partners for other leukocyte receptors. |journal=J. Lab. Clin. Med. |volume=129 |issue= 5 |pages= 492–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9142045 |doi= }} }} {{refend}} {{gene-5-stub}} {{Clusters of differentiation}} {{Immune receptors}} {{gene-5-stub}} [[Category:Clusters of differentiation]] [[ca:CD14]] [[es:CD14]] <!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. --> {{PBB_Controls | update_page = yes | require_manual_inspection = no | update_protein_box = yes | update_summary = no | update_citations = yes }}