Cadbury plc
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225545691
2008-07-14T06:42:48Z
Tj9991
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Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/203.14.223.10|203.14.223.10]] to last version by Jonathan Cardy (using [[WP:HG|Huggle]])
{{Infobox_Company |
company_name = Cadbury plc|
company_logo = [[Image:Cadbury.svg|220px]] |
company_type = [[Public company|Public]] ({{lse|CBRY}}, {{NYSE|CBY}}) |
company_slogan = Working together to create<br>brands people love.|
foundation = [[1989]]|
location = [[London]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom|UK]]|
key_people = [[John Sunderland (businessman)|Sir John Sunderland]], Chairman<br>[[Todd Stitzer]], CEO|
num_employees = 59,000|
industry = [[Confectionery]] and [[Beverage|Non-alcoholic beverages]] |
products = [[Cadbury Schweppes products|See products]]|
market cap = £8.8bn (as of 11/5/2008)<ref name="YahooUK-CBRY">[http://uk.finance.yahoo.com/q?s=CBRY.L YahooUK Finance - Cadbury Profile] (accessed 11/may/2008)</ref>|
revenue = {{profit}} [[British Pound|£]]7,971 million ([[2007]])|
operating_income={{profit}} [[British Pound|£]]1,050 million ([[2007]])|
net_income = {{profit}} [[British Pound|£]]407 million ([[2007]])|
homepage = [http://www.cadbury.com/ www.cadbury.com]
}}<!--Infobox source: http://www.cadburyschweppes.com/EN/AboutUs/FAQs/detail.htm?ID=%7bB4A4E97F-7804-42A8-BF9F-AA7FD6B1CC66%7d -->
'''Cadbury plc''' ({{lse|CBRY}}, {{NYSE|CBY}}) is a [[confectionery]] and [[beverage]] company with its headquarters in [[London]], [[England]]. The firm was formerly known as '''Cadbury Schweppes plc''' before [[demerger|demerging]] in May 2008, separating its global confectionery business from its [[North America]]n beverage unit, which has been renamed [[Dr Pepper Snapple Group|Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc.]]<ref name="demerger">{{cite press release |title=CADBURY PLC STARTS TRADING AS STAND-ALONE CONFECTIONERY COMPANY |publisher=Cadbury plc |date=[[2 May]], [[2008]] |url=http://www.cadburyschweppes.com/EN/MediaCentre/PressReleases/CADBURY_PLC_STARTS_TRADING.htm |accessdate=2008-05-02}}</ref>
==Corporate history==
===Schweppes===
Johann Jacob Schweppe (born 1740 in [[Witzenhausen]], [[Hesse]], Germany; died 1821 in [[Geneva]]) was a [[Swiss]] [[watchmaker]] and [[silversmith]]. He developed a method to charge [[water]] with [[carbon dioxide]] gas.<ref>[http://www.rpsgb.org.uk/informationresources/museum/exhibitions/themotherofinvention/schw.html Pharmacy: the mother of invention]</ref> Schweppe patented this method in 1783, some time after [[Joseph Priestley]] discovered a method to carbonate water. Carbonated water was originally produced for medical use. In 1790, Schweppe founded a [[factory]] to produce [[soda water]] on London's [[Drury Lane]].<ref>[http://www.bygonz.co.uk/schweppes1.htm The story of Schweppes]</ref>
===Cadbury's===
Independently, in [[1824]], [[John Cadbury]] began vending tea, coffee, and (later) chocolate at Bull Street in [[Birmingham]] in the [[UK]] and sometimes in [[India]]. The company was later known as Cadbury brothers.<ref name="birm">[http://www.birminghamuk.com/cadburyhistory.htm The history of Cadbury Schweppes]</ref>
After [[John Cadbury]]'s retirement, his sons, [[Richard Cadbury|Richard]] and [[George Cadbury|George]], opened a major new factory at [[Bournville]], five miles south of the city. In 1893 George Cadbury bought 120 acres (0.5 km²) of land close to the works and planned, at his own expense, a [[model village]] which would 'alleviate the evils of modern more cramped living conditions'. By 1900 the estate included 313 cottages and houses set on 330 acres (1.3 km²) of land. As they were [[Quakers]] there was no [[Public house]]s in the estate.<ref>[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WJN-45WGHG6-2&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=6472656c042a2fb1fc9f634e0315b119 George Cadbury's model village]</ref>
After [[World War I]], Cadbury Brothers Limited undertook a financial merger with [[J. S. Fry & Sons|J.S. Fry & Sons Limited]] another chocolate manufacturer.<ref name="birm"/>
===Merger===
[[Image:Cadbury Schweppes.svg|frame|The former Cadbury Schweppes logo]]
The two companies merged to form Cadbury Schweppes in [[1969]].<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE2DA1739F934A15752C0A961948260 GENERAL CINEMA BUYS 8.3% OF CADBURY SCHWEPPES]</ref>
Snapple, Mistic and Stewart's (formerly Cable Car Beverage) was sold by the [[Triarc]] to Cadbury Schweppes in [[2000]] for $1.45 billion<ref name="nyt">{{cite news |first=Laura M. |last=Holson |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Cadbury to Pay $1.45 Billion For Snapple |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9805EEDC163BF93BA2575AC0A9669C8B63 |work=New York Times |publisher=New York Times |date=2000-09-18 |accessdate=2008-06-18 }}</ref> In October of that same year, Cadbury Schweppes purchase Royal Crown from Triarc.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3535 |title=Royal Crown Cola Company |accessdate=2008-06-18 |work=New Georgia Encyclopedia |date=9/15/2006 }}</ref>
===Demerger===
In March 2007, it was revealed that Cadbury Schweppes was planning to split its business into two separate entities: one focusing on its main chocolate and confectionery market; the other on its US drinks business.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6451749.stm "Cadbury plans to split business"] - [[BBC News]], [[14 March]], [[2007]].</ref> It was speculated that the split could dramatically increase the company's value, from its current market value of about £12,600 million, to up to an estimated £16,000 million combined value.
The demerger took effect on [[2 May]], [[2008]], with its North American drinks brands being demerged into [[Dr Pepper Snapple Group|Dr. Pepper Snapple Group Inc.]]<ref name="demerger" /> Cadbury will continue to own its [[Australia]]n beverage unit.<ref>{{cite news |title=A curate's creme egg |url=http://business.scotsman.com/fooddrinkagriculture/A-curate39s-creme-egg.3975413.jp |work=[[The Scotsman]] |date=[[11 April]], [[2008]] |accessdate=2008-05-02}}</ref>
===Branding===
Cadbury itself and its range of confectionery products were traditionally marketed with the Cadbury name being used in the [[possessive case]], such as ''[[Cadbury Creme Egg|Cadbury's Creme Egg]]''. In the early 21st century however, a coporate rebranding saw all lines bear the non-possessive ''Cadbury'' and their marketing materials now explicitly avoid references to the older possessive use of the trademark in relation to individual brands and the company itself.
==Operations==
===United Kingdom===
Cadbury [[United Kingdom|UK]] also owns [[Trebor Bassett]], [[J. S. Fry & Sons|Fry's]], Maynards and Halls. The confectionery business in the UK is known as [[Cadbury Trebor Bassett]] and, as of August 2004, had eight factories and 3,000 staff in the [[United Kingdom|UK]]. Biscuits bearing the Cadbury brand, such as [[Cadbury Fingers]], are produced under licence by [[Burton's Foods]]. Ice cream based on Cadbury products, like [[99 Flake]], is made under licence by [[Frederick's Dairies]]. Cadbury's cakes and chocolate spread are manufactured under licence by [[Premier Foods]] but the cakes were originally part of Cadbury Foods Ltd with factories at Blackpole in Worcester and Moreton on The Wirral with distribution depots throughout the UK. In October 2007, Cadbury announced the closure of the [[Keynsham]] chocolate factory, formerly part of [[J. S. Fry & Sons|Fry's]]. Between 500 and 700 jobs would be affected by this change. Production will be transferred to other plants in [[England]] and [[Poland]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7025413.stm Cadbury factories shed 700 jobs]</ref>
===Canada===
[[Cadbury Beverages Canada Inc.]], based in [[Mississauga]], [[Ontario]] is the company's Canadian subsidiary for beverage related products while [[Cadbury Adams]] is the company's [[Canadian]] confectionery subsidiary, based in [[Toronto]]. Most brands and products match those in the UK; the chocolate bar line was rebranded in late 2005 to the UK-standard [[purple]] wrapper theme.
===United States===
Cadbury plc's presence in the [[United States]] consists of the confectionery unit [[Cadbury Adams]], manufacturers of gum and mints but not chocolate. Cadbury merged with Peter Paul in 1978.<ref name="hershey">[http://www.hersheys.com/products/details/almondjoy.asp Hersheys History]</ref> Ten years later [[The Hershey Company|Hershey's]] acquired the chocolate business from Cadbury's.<ref name="hershey"/> Accordingly although the Cadbury group's chocolate products have been sold in the U.S. since 1988 under the Cadbury trademark name, the chocolate itself has been manufactured by [[The Hershey Company|Hershey's]] and can be found in Hershey's chocolate stores.
Prior to the May 2008 demerger, the North American business also contained beverage unit [[Cadbury Schweppes Americas Beverages]]. In 1982, Cadbury Schweppes purchased the Duffy-Mott Company.<ref>[http://www.motts.com/About/CompanyHistory/ Motts Company History]</ref> In early 2006, all of [[Mott's]] beverage brands ([[Grandma's Molasses]], [[Hawaiian Punch]], [[Stride Gum]], [[IBC Root Beer]], [[Mr and Mrs T]] [[Bloody Mary (cocktail)|Bloody Mary]] mix, [[Orangina]], and [[Yoo-hoo]]) were folded into Cadbury Schweppes Americas Beverages (now [[Dr Pepper Snapple Group]]), of which Mott's continues to operate as a separate unit.
===Elsewhere===
Cadbury also operates factories in [[India]], [[Alexandria]], [[Cairo]] and [[Ramadan City]] ([[Egypt]]), [[Barcelona]] ([[Spain]]), [[Warsaw]] ([[Poland]]), [[Dublin]] ([[Ireland]]), [[Dunedin]] ([[New Zealand]]), [[Port Elizabeth]] ([[South Africa]]), [[Mexico City]] ([[Mexico]]), [[Ringwood, Victoria|Ringwood]] ([[Melbourne]], [[Australia]]), [[Cadbury's Chocolate Factory, Tasmania|Claremont]] ([[Hobart]], [[Australia]]),
[[Chudovo]] and [[Veliky Novgorod]] ([[Russia]])
===Schweppes===
The manufacture of [[Schweppes (brand)|Schweppes]] products in the United States was spun off with [[Dr Pepper Snapple Group]] in May 2008.<ref name="demerger"/> Cadbury did not manufacture Schweppes beverages for [[Brazil]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Mexico]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]], [[New Zealand]], [[India]] and [[Romania]]. In the [[United Kingdom]], [[Argentina]], [[Bulgaria]] and [[Serbia]] they are produced by [[The Coca-Cola Company]] and, in [[Poland]], by [[PepsiCo]].
===Accounting===
In May 2006, Cadbury Schweppes announced that it would be outsourcing its transactional accounting and order capture functions to [[Shared services|Shared Business Services]] (SBS) centres run by a company called [[Genpact]], (a businesses services provider) in India, China, and Romania. This was to affect all business units and be associated with US and UK functions being transferred to India by end of 2006, with all units transferred by mid-2008. Depending on the success of this move, other accounting Human Resources functions may follow. This development is likely to lead to the loss of several hundred jobs worldwide, but also to several hundred jobs being created, at lower salaries commensurate with wages paid in developing countries.<ref>[http://scottgolas.typepad.com/iqcatalyst/2007/07/cadbury-schwepp.html Cadbury Schweppes awards contract to Genpact]</ref>
==Products==
{{main|Cadbury products}}
Cadbury plc manufactures chocolates and sweets/candies such as the popular [[Cadbury's Dairy Milk|Dairy Milk]], as well as a limited range of beverages in [[Australia]].
==See also==
* [[Cadbury Adams]]
* [[Cadbury Trebor Bassett]]
* [[Cadbury World, Birmingham]]
* [[Cadbury World, Dunedin]]
* [[Stimorol]]
* [[Big Chocolate]]
* [[Bournville]]
* [[Gorilla (Cadbury)]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.cadbury.com/ Cadbury plc]
* [http://www.cadbury.co.uk/ Cadbury Trebor Bassett] (UK)
* [http://www.cadburyindia.com/ Cadbury India]
* [http://www.cadbury.co.za/ Cadbury South Africa]
* [http://www.cadburyadams.com Cadbury Adams USA]
* [http://www.cadbury.com.au/ Cadbury Australia]
* [http://www.cadbury.ie/ Cadbury Ireland]
* [http://www.cadbury.ca/ Cadbury Canada]
* [http://www.cadbury.co.nz/ Cadbury New Zealand]
* [http://www.cadburynigeria.com/ Cadbury Nigeria]
* [http://www.cadbury.com/ Home of Cadbury.]
{{FTSE 100 Index constituents}}
{{British Royal Warrant holders}}
[[Category:Cadbury-Schweppes brands| ]]
[[Category:Companies established in 1969]]
[[Category:Chocolatiers]]
[[Category:Companies based in London]]
[[Category:Confectionery companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Food manufacturers of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Breweries and beverage companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:British brands]]
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