Cambodian riel 1028334 225888380 2008-07-15T21:39:51Z Dove1950 587860 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 225873598 by [[Special:Contributions/74.210.8.79|74.210.8.79]] ([[User talk:74.210.8.79|talk]]) Link didn't work {{Infobox Currency | currency_name_in_local = {{Unicode|រៀល}} <small>{{km icon}}</small> | image_1 = | image_title_1 = | image_2 = 500-khmer-riel-coin.gif | image_title_2 = The front of a 500 riel coin. | iso_code = KHR | using_countries = {{KHM}} | inflation_rate = 4.7% | inflation_source_date = ''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2092.html The World Factbook]'', 2006 est. | subunit_ratio_1 = 1/10 | subunit_name_1 = kak | subunit_ratio_2 = 1/100 | subunit_name_2 = sen | symbol = [[Image:Cambriel.svg|10px]] | rarely_used_coins = 50, 100, 200, 500 riel | frequently_used_banknotes = 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10&nbsp;000 riel | rarely_used_banknotes = 50, 20&nbsp;000, 50&nbsp;000, 100&nbsp;000 riel | issuing_authority = [[National Bank of Cambodia]] | issuing_authority_website = nbc.org.kh }} The '''riel''' ([[Khmer language|Khmer]]: {{Unicode|រៀល}}, Symbol {{Unicode|៛}}) is the [[currency]] of [[Cambodia]]. There have been two distinct riel, the first issued between 1953 and May 1975, and the second since [[April 1]], [[1980]]. In Cambodia, the [[United States dollar|U.S. dollar]] is also widely used.<ref>{{cite web | author= [[Chinese University of Hong Kong]] | url=http://intl.econ.cuhk.edu.hk/exchange_rate_regime/index.php?cid=13 | title= Historical Exchange Rate Regime of Asian Countries: Cambodia | accessdate=2007-02-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author= Kurt Schuler | url = http://users.erols.com/kurrency/asia.htm | title = Tables of Modern Monetary History: Asia | accessdate=2007-02-21 | quote = The US dollar also circulates freely}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author= frizz restaurant in Cambodia | url= http://www.frizz-restaurant.com/practical.html | title= Cambodia Practical: money, ATM, transport, cheap flights | accessdate=2007-02-21}}</ref> Between 1975 and 1980, the country had no monetary system. See [[History of Cambodia]]. ''For earlier Cambodian currencies, see [[Cambodian tical]] and [[Cambodian franc]].'' ==First riel, 1953-1975== In 1953, the Cambodia branch of the ''Institut d'Emission des Etats du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam'' issued notes dual denominated in [[French Indochinese piastre|piastre]] and riel. At the same time, the two other branches had similar arrangement with the [[Vietnamese đồng|đồng]] in [[South Vietnam]] and the [[Lao kip|kip]] in [[Laos]]. The riel was at first subdivided into 100 ''centimes'' (abbreviated to cent. on the coins) but this changed in 1959 to 100 ''sen'' (សេន). For the first few years, the riel and piastre circulated alongside each other. Indeed, the first riel banknotes were also denominated in piastres. ===Coins=== The 10, 20 and 50 centime of 1953 and sen coins were minted in [[aluminium]] and were the same size as the corresponding att and xu (su) coins of Laos and South Vietnam (though without the holes in the Lao coins). A 1 riel coin about the size of a [[Nickel (United States coin)|U.S. nickel]] was to be issued in 1970 but was not released, perhaps due to the overthrow of the government of [[Norodom Sihanouk]] by [[Lon Nol]]. ===Banknotes=== Following the first issue of banknotes denominated in both riel and piastres (which closely matched those of Laos and South Vietnam), a truly independent riel was issued by the [[National Bank of Cambodia]] in 1955. Cambodia issued several series of notes in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 riel. Banknotes of 1000 and 5000 riel were printed but not issued for circulation. (The 5000 riel note has only recently come to light. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nachthund.biz/CatalogUpdate/Cambodia/CAM0506-01.html|title=Nachthun's World Paper Money}}</ref>) The designs included many themes of Cambodian life, history and [[mythology]]. ==The Khmer Rouge, 1975-1980== Although the [[Khmer Rouge]] printed banknotes (denominations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 riel, dated 1975) these notes were not issued as money was abolished after the Khmer Rouge took control of the country. ==Second riel, 1980-== After the Vietnamese invasion in 1978, the riel was re-established as the Cambodian currency on [[April 1]], [[1980]], initially at a value of 4 riel = 1 [[U.S. dollar]]. It is subdivided into 10 ''kak'' (កាក់) or 100 sen. Because there was no money for it to replace and a severely disrupted economy, the central government gave away the new money to the populace in order to encourage its use. In rural areas the riel is used for virtually all purchases, large and small. However, the US dollar is also used, particularly in urban Cambodia and tourist areas. In [[Battambang]] and other areas near the [[Thailand|Thai]] border, like [[Pailin]], the Thai [[baht]] is also accepted. ===Coins=== The first coins were 5 sen pieces, minted in 1979 and made of aluminium. No more coins were minted until 1994, when denominations of 50, 100, 200, and 500 riel were introduced. However, these are no longer commonly found in circulation. [[Image:Cambodian Reil.jpg|thumb|Various riel notes from 2000]] ===Banknotes=== Banknotes were issued in 1980 in denominations of 1, 2 and 5 kak, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 50 riel. In the 1990's they issued higher denomination notes as the Asian economy collapsed. The 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 were printed, however not all were issued. Later issues of banknotes from mid 1995 went up from 100 to 100,000 riel. However notes above 10,000 riel are less common. The most recent series of banknotes, gradually introduced through 2001 and 2008, consists of 50 (2002), 100 (2001), 500 (2002, 2004), 1000 (2005, 2007), 2000 (2007), 5000 (2001, 2002, 2004), 10,000 (2001, 2005), 20,000 (2008) and 50,000 (2001) riels. {{Exchange Rate|KHR|CNY}} ==See also== * [[Economy of Cambodia]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{refbegin}} *{{numis cite SCWC|date=1991}} *{{numis cite SCWPM|date=1994}} {{refend}} ==External links== {{Standard numismatics external links | world_coin_gallery_1_url = Cambodia | world_coin_gallery_1_name = Cambodia | banknote_world_1_url = cambodia | banknote_world_1_name = Cambodia | dollarization_1_url = asia | dollarization_1_name = Asia | gfd_1_url = Cambodia | gfd_1_name = Cambodia | gfd_data_1_url = 5587 | gfd_data_1_name = Cambodia Riel | show_gfd_excel = Y }} *[http://www.ccb-cambodia.com/index.php?q=main&p=banknotes Cambodian commercial banks showing legal tender banknotes] *[http://www.coinsv.narod.ru/c_pages/kampuch.htm More coins with 1 real 1970] {{n-start|title=First riel}} {{n-before|location=[[French Indochina]]|currency=[[French Indochinese piastre]]|reason=independence|ratio=at par|note=piastre not used in self-declared North Vietnam since [[1946]]}} {{n-currency|location=[[Cambodia]]|start=[[1953]]|end=[[1970]]|note=transitional notes dual denominated in piastre and riel were used until 1955}} {{n-currency|location=[[Khmer Republic]]|start=[[1970]]|end=[[1975]]}} {{n-after|currency=Moneyless economy|location=[[Kampuchea]]|reason=The Khmer Rouge attempted to implement the Marxist vision of a money-less society|note=The Khmer Rouge did print a series of riel. Some sources say they were never issued. Some say they were issued one month before they were abolished.}} {{n-end}} {{n-start|title=Second riel}} {{n-before|currency=[[Vietnamese đồng]]|reason=reintroduction of a national currency|ratio=1 riel = 3 đồng = 0.25 U.S. dollar = 1kg rice|concurrent=[[Thai baht]] and some other foreign currencies, to some extent}} {{n-currency|location=[[Cambodia]]|start=[[1980]]}} {{n-after}} {{n-end}} {{Currencies of Asia}} [[Category:Circulating currencies]] [[Category:Economy of Cambodia]] [[Category:Currency signs]] [[ca:Riel]] [[de:Kambodschanischer Riel]] [[es:Riel camboyano]] [[fr:Riel]] [[ko:캄보디아 리엘]] [[bpy:কম্বোডিয়ান রিয়েল]] [[it:Riel cambogiano]] [[hu:Kambodzsai riel]] [[nl:Riel (munteenheid)]] [[ja:リエル]] [[no:Kambodsjansk riel]] [[km:រៀល]] [[pl:Riel]] [[ru:Риель]] [[sv:Riel]] [[th:เรียลกัมพูชา]] [[vi:Riel Campuchia]]