Canada 2006 Census
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221918262
2008-06-26T17:59:31Z
Themightyquill
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{{Demographics of Canada-navbar}}
The '''Canada 2006 Census''' was a detailed enumeration of the [[Canada|Canadian]] population. [[Census]] day was [[May 16]] [[2006]]. The next census following will be the [[Canada 2011 Census|2011 Census]]. Canada's total population enumerated by the 2006 census was 31,612,897.
==Summary==
Over 12.7 million households, 32.5 million people were expected to be counted. [[Canada Post]] delivered census forms by mail to 70% of the country, primarily residents in urban areas. Census enumerators delivered to the remaining 30% of households. Every fifth home received the long questionnaire (53 questions versus 8 questions on the short form). For the first time, Canadian residents were able to go online to fill in their forms. [[Statistics Canada]] expected approximately 20% of households to file their surveys electronically. Persistent census staff are contacting tardy households. The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years, employing more than 25,000 full and part-time census workers.
New in the 2006 Census Questionnaire:
* Education. Where did individuals receive their highest level of education? (Only on extended questionnaire)
* Income. Permission to use income information from individual's income tax file. Income from child benefits. Income tax paid. (Also only on extended questionnaire)
* Access to personal information. Permission to make information public in 92 years.
Questions not asked in the 2006 Census:
* Religion. Normally asked only once every 10 years, and the religion question was asked in the [[Canada 2001 Census|2001 Census]].
* Education. The number of years of schooling received.
Modified questions:
* Education. A separate question for each level of schooling, and type of school attended.
==Data products==
As the data are collected and digitized, Statistics Canada releases various categories of census data. On [[March 13]], [[2007]], the first batch of data was released, covering population and dwelling counts by geographical unit. This has been followed by other census reports.<ref name="release">{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/RelDates_e.cfm|title=2006 Census release dates|work=2006 Census|publisher=[[Statistics Canada]]|year=2006|accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref>
===Population and dwelling counts===
The first release of 2006 Census data<ref name="release1">Statistics Canada, [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070313/td070313.htm The Daily, Tuesday, March 13, 2007] [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070313/d070313.pdf The Daily (pdf)]</ref> was on March 13, 2007, covering population and dwelling counts by geographical unit.
Population of the provinces and territories<ref>Statistics Canada, [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/popdwell/Tables.cfm Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables, 2006 Census], [http://www.statcan.ca/cgi-bin/IPS/display?cat_num=97-550-XWE2006002 Catalogue number 97-550-XWE2006002], released [[2007-03-13]], [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/popdwell/Table.cfm?T=101 Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, province and territories, 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data]</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|-
! Province / territory<br>
! Population<br>
! % Change<br>(2001-2006)<br>
! Total<br>private<br>dwellings<br>
! Population density<br>per square kilometre<br>
|-
|align=left| [[Newfoundland and Labrador]] || 505,469 || -1.5 || 235,958 || 1.4
|-
|align=left| [[Prince Edward Island]] || 135,851 || +0.4 || 62,753 || 23.9
|-
|align=left| [[Nova Scotia]] || 913,462 || +0.6 || 425,681 || 17.3
|-
|align=left| [[New Brunswick]] || 729,997 || +0.1 || 331,619 || 10.2
|-
|align=left| [[Quebec]] || 7,546,131 || +4.3 || 3,452,300 || 5.6
|-
|align=left| [[Ontario]] || 12,160,282 || +6.6 || 4,972,869 || 13.4
|-
|align=left| [[Manitoba]] || 1,148,401 || +2.6 || 491,724 || 2.1
|-
|align=left| [[Saskatchewan]] || 968,157 || -1.1 || 387,160 || 1.6
|-
|align=left| [[Alberta]] || 3,290,350 || +10.6 || 1,335,745 || 5.1
|-
|align=left| [[British Columbia]] || 4,113,487 || +5.3 || 1,788,474 || 4.4
|-
|align=left| [[Yukon]] || 30,372 || +5.9 || 15,296 || 0.1
|-
|align=left| [[Northwest Territories]] || 41,464 || +11.0* || 16,774 || 0.0
|-
|align=left| [[Nunavut]] || 29,474 || +10.2 || 9,041 || 0.0
|-class="sortbottom"
|align=center| '''[[Canada]]''' || '''31,612,897''' || '''+5.4''' || '''13,576,855''' || '''3.5'''
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> This change is likely overstated due to improvements in coverage of the Northwest Territories in 2006. [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/popdwell/Symbol.cfm?T=101&F=E&G=61&GK=PR]
===Age and sex===
The second release of 2006 Census data<ref name="release2">Statistics Canada, [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070717/td070717.htm The Daily, Tuesday, July 17, 2007] [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070717/d070717.pdf The Daily (pdf)]</ref> was on [[July 17]] [[2007]], covering age and sex of the Canadian population. Among other findings, Statistics Canada reported that the 65-and-over population was at a record high of 13.7% of the total population of Canada.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/release_agesex.cfm Release no. 2: Age and sex]</ref> By comparison, the 2001 census found that the 65-and-over population was 13.0% of the total population of Canada.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/highlight/AgeSex/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&View=1&Code=0&Table=1a&StartRec=1&Sort=2&B1=Counts&B2=Both Age and Sex, 2001 Counts for Both Sexes, for Canada, Provinces and Territories - 100% Data]</ref>
Population of each province and territory by age<ref>Statistics Canada, [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/agesex/Index.cfm Age and Sex Highlight Tables, 2006 Census], [http://www.statcan.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=97-551-X2006002 catalogue number 97-551-XWE2006002], released [[2007-07-17]], [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/agesex/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=1&Data=Count&Sex=1&StartRec=1&Sort=2&Display=Page Population by broad age groups, 2006 counts for both sexes, for Canada, provinces and territories - 100% data]</ref> and sex<ref>Age and Sex Highlight Tables, 2006 Census, [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/agesex/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=1&Data=Count&Sex=2&StartRec=1&Sort=2&Display=Page 2006 counts for males, for Canada, provinces and territories - 100% data], [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/agesex/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=1&Data=Count&Sex=3&StartRec=1&Sort=2&Display=Page 2006 counts for females, for Canada, provinces and territories - 100% data]</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|-
! Province / territory
! 0 to 14
! 15-64
! 65+
! Males
! Females
|-
|align=left|[[Newfoundland and Labrador]]||78,230||356,975||70,265||245,730||259,740
|-
|align=left|[[Prince Edward Island]]||23,985||91,685||20,185||65,595||70,260
|-
|align=left|[[Nova Scotia]]||146,435||628,815||138,210||439,835||473,630
|-
|align=left|[[New Brunswick]]||118,255||504,110||107,635||355,495||374,500
|-
|align=left|[[Quebec]]||1,252,510||5,213,335||1,080,285||3,687,695||3,858,435
|-
|align=left|[[Ontario]]||2,210,800||8,300,300||1,649,180||5,930,700||6,229,580
|-
|align=left|[[Manitoba]]||225,175||761,340||161,890||563,275||585,125
|-
|align=left|[[Saskatchewan]]||187,695||631,155||149,305||475,240||492,915
|-
|align=left|[[Alberta]]||631,515||2,305,425||353,410||1,646,800||1,643,550
|-
|align=left|[[British Columbia]]||679,605||2,834,075||599,810||2,013,985||2,099,495
|-
|align=left|[[Yukon]]||5,720||22,365||2,290||15,280||15,090
|-
|align=left|[[Northwest Territories]]||9,920||29,570||1,975||21,225||20,240
|-
|align=left|[[Nunavut]]||10,000||18,660||810||15,105||14,365
|-class="sortbottom"
|align=center|'''[[Canada]]'''||5,579,835||21,697,805||4,335,255||15,475,970||16,136,925
|}
===Families, marital status, households and dwelling characteristics===
The third release of 2006 Census data<ref name="release3">Statistics Canada, [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070912/td070912.htm The Daily, Wednesday, September 12, 2007] [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070912/d070912.pdf The Daily (pdf)]</ref> was on [[September 12]] [[2007]] and covered families/households,<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/familieshouseholds.cfm Release no. 3: September 12, 2007, Families and households]</ref> marital status,<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/release_maritalstatus.cfm Release no. 3: September 12, 2007, Marital status (including common-law status)]</ref> and dwelling characteristics.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/release_housingshelter.cfm Release no. 3: dwelling and household characteristics]<!-- note that the data for shelter costs will not be released until May 1 2008, and the housing analysis will be released on June 4 2008 --></ref>
The following table displays various census data (derived from the 20% sample that completed the long questionnaire) on marital status for the Canadian population aged 15 years or more, as well as data on the number of couples by various criteria, and where available the percentage change from the 2001 census:
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|-
! <br>
! Number<br>
! % Change<br>(2001-2006)<br>
|-
|align=left| Population aged 15 years and over<ref>Statistics Canada, [http://www.statcan.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=97-552-X2006007 Catalogue number 97-552-XWE2006007], [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/shared/redirectproduct.cfm?ips=97-552-XWE2006007 Legal Marital Status (6), Common-law Status (3), Age Groups (17) and Sex (3) for the Population 15 Years and Over of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 and 2006 Censuses - 100% Data]</ref> || 26,033,060 || +7.2
|-
|align=left| Legally married (and not separated) || 12,470,400 || +3.8
|-
|align=left| Separated, but still legally married || 775,425 || +5.7
|-
|align=left| Divorced || 2,087,390 || +12.5
|-
|align=left| Widowed || 1,612,815 || +4.6
|-
|align=left| In a common-law relationship || 2,731,635 || +19.6
|-
|align=left| In a same-sex union<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/households/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=3&Data=Count&Age=1&StartRec=1&Sort=2&Display=Page Persons in same-sex unions by broad age groups and sex for both sexes, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories - 20% sample data]</ref> || 90,695 || +32.6
|-
|align=left| Same-sex couples<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/households/tables/Table4.cfm?Lang=E Same-sex couples by type of union (married, common-law) and sex, 2006 Census - 20% sample data]</ref> || 45,350 ||
|-
|align=left| Male same-sex married couples || 4,010 ||
|-
|align=left| Female same-sex married couples || 3,455 ||
|-
|align=left| Male same-sex common-law couples || 20,730 ||
|-
|align=left| Female same-sex common-law couples || 17,155
|-
|align=left| All couples<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/households/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=1&Data=Count&Age=1&StartRec=1&Sort=2&Display=Page Couple families by presence of children in private households]</ref> || 7,482,780 || +6.0
|-
|align=left| Married couples with children || 3,443,775 || -0.7
|-
|align=left| Married couples without children || 2,662,130 || +9.5
|-
|align=left| Common-law couples with children || 618,150 || +16.4
|-
|align=left| Common-law couples without children || 758,715 || +20.9
|-class="sortbottom"
|}
===Immigration, citizenship, language, mobility and migration===
The fourth release of 2006 Census data<ref name="release4">Statistics Canada, [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/071204/td071204.htm The Daily, Tuesday, December 4, 2007] [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/071204/d071204.pdf The Daily (pdf)]</ref> was on [[December 4]] [[2007]] and covered immigration, citizenship, language, mobility, and migration.
===Aboriginal peoples===
The fifth release of 2006 Census data<ref name="release5">Statistics Canada, [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/080115/td080115.htm The Daily, Tuesday, January 15, 2008] [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/080115/d080115.pdf The Daily (pdf)]</ref> was on [[January 15]] [[2008]], covering aboriginal peoples.
===Labour, place of work/commuting to work, education, language===
The sixth release of 2006 Census data<ref name="release6">Statistics Canada, [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/080304/td080304.htm The Daily, Tuesday, March 4, 2008] [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/080304/d080304.pdf The Daily (pdf)]</ref> was on [[March 4]] [[2008]], covering labour<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/labour.cfm Release no. 6: labour]</ref>, education<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/education.cfm Release no. 6: Education]</ref> and some other topics.
===Ethnic origin, visible minorities===
The seventh release of 2006 Census data<ref name="release7">Statistics Canada, [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/080402/td080402.htm The Daily, Wednesday, April 2, 2008] [http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/080402/d080402.pdf The Daily (pdf)]</ref> was on [[April 2]] [[2008]]<!-- it must have been ready the previous day, but they had to wait until April 2 for it to be taken seriously-->, covering ethnic origins and visible minorities<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/ethnicorigin.cfm Release no. 7: Ethnic origin and visible minorities]</ref> and commuting to work.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/pow.cfm Release no. 7: Place of work and commuting to work]</ref>
===Income/earnings, shelter costs===
The eighth release of 2006 Census data was on [[May 1]] [[2008]], covering income and earnings, and shelter costs.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/index.cfm#note5 Statistics Canada, Census 2006 Release topics and dates.]</ref>
==Advertising==
<!-- the advertising can't be seen clearly in this image ... is an alternate image available?
[[Image:CIMG1383.JPG|thumb|right|The 2006 census was extensively advertised. In this photo alone, seven census advertisements can be seen.]] -->
In contrast to [[1996]] focus-groups that found it important to know the legal requirement at the outset, participants of 2005 focus-groups were annoyed or provoked by draft ads reminding Canadians about the census law. As a result of the finding, Statistics Canada's initial newspaper, radio and TV ads avoided mention of the legal requirement. Instead, reference to the census law was highlighted only in ads appearing after census day, to capture late filers.
To encourage participation, Statistics Canada set aside $13 million for "saturation" advertising, including billboards, bookmarks, inserts in municipal tax bills, and ads on bags of sugar and milk cartons.<ref>{{cite news|author=Beeby, Dean|url=http://cnews.canoe.ca/CNEWS/Canada/Canadiana/2006/03/25/1505423-cp.html|title=Statistics Canada revamps census ad campaign to play down legal requirements|publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer|Canoe Inc.]]|date=[[2005-03-26]]|accessdate=2006-04-28}}</ref> For comparison, the [[United States Census Bureau]] budgeted $166.6 million USD for paid advertising over 3 years for the [[United States Census, 2000|2000 Census]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Prewitt, Kenneth|url=http://www.ogc.doc.gov/ogc/legreg/testimon/106f/prewitt0727.htm|title=Prepared Statement of Kenneth Prewitt, Director, U.S. Bureau on the Census, Committee on Government Reform, U.S. House of Representatives|publisher=United States Department of Commerce, Office of General Counsel|date=[[1999-07-27]]|accessdate=2006-04-28}}</ref>
==Outsourcing==
Statistics Canada reports less than 20% of the work will be outsourced, spending $85M over 5 years. Despite an open public tender process, controversy arose on the announcement of a $43.3 million deal awarded to Lockheed Martin Canada -- a subsidiary of [[Lockheed Martin]], the world's largest defense contractor by defense revenue -- for the purchase of scanning and printing software and hardware.<ref>{{cite news|author=Lambert, Steve|url=http://www.canoe.ca/NewsStand/LondonFreePress/News/2004/10/10/663339.html|title=Census contractor comes under fire|publisher=[[London Free Press]]|date=[[2004-10-10]]|accessdate=2006-04-28}}</ref>
==Forms==
A variety of forms were available in both official languages, varying in length, colour, and recipient's location.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/reference/questions/index.cfm|title=2006 Census: Census questionnaires and guides|date=2008-02-14|accessdate=2008-03-22|publisher=[[Statistics Canada]]}}</ref>
Most households (80%) received the short form (2A):
* English: orange
* French: yellow
One in five received the long form (2B):
* English: red
* French: purple
Federal and provincial employees and their families working in embassies and National Defence bases abroad (2C):
* English: purple
* French: red
In the three northern territories and on Aboriginal communities and settlements (2D):
* English: orange
* French: yellow
Census of Agriculture (6):
* English: yellow
* French: orange
==Controversy==
Special interest groups have criticised Statistics Canada over the design of questions, accuracy, and the future of the census data:<ref>{{cite news|author=Freeze, Colin.|url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20060515.wxcensus15/BNStory/National/home|title=Census coloured by broad array of interests|publisher=[[The Globe and Mail]]|date=[[2006-05-15]]|accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref>
* Question 6: Relationship. Couples in same-sex marriages are offended by and/or object to Statistics Canada's instruction that they use the write-in field "Other" instead of checking the "husband or wife" box.
* Question 16: Mother tongue. An anonymous email misinformation campaign advises bilingual francophones to not mention their knowledge of English.
* Question 53: Election to release census data after 92 years.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/reference/info/genealogy.cfm Statistics Canada, Genealogy corner]</ref> Genealogists worry future research will be hampered if Canadians don't check this box.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}
::Nationally, there was a yes response in respect of 55.58% of persons enumerated in the census. The yes percentage was highest in Prince Edward Island, 64.50%, and lowest in Nunavut, 51.39%.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/reference/info/gen_results.cfm Statistics Canada, 2006 Census results: The 92-year question]. Retrieved [[2008-04-21]].</ref> Individual respondents are permitted to change their response to this question by mailing in a request-for-change form.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/reference/info/change.cfm Statistics Canada, Change or verify your response to the consent question on the 2006 Census of Population]</ref>
The quality of data is further hampered by individuals advocating minimal cooperation or non-cooperation, in protest to the outsourcing contract awarded to Lockheed Martin.<ref>{{cite news|author=Riga, Andy|url=http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/news/story.html?id=09adc99b-e3e5-418c-a274-296d8abed7bf&rfp=dta|title=Census faces attack from blog rumours|publisher=[[National Post]]|date=[[2006-05-08]]|accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref> Many people believed that Lockheed Martin would have access to their information, and that the US government could then access that information through the [[USA PATRIOT Act]]. However, despite assurances to the contrary (i.e., only Statistics Canada employees would and could handle, store, and access the information), some people refused to participate fully in the Census.
In addition, Statistics Canada's online questionnaire has been criticized over accessibility issues:<ref>{{cite news|author=Byfield, Bruce|url=http://news.google.ca/news/url?sa=t&ct=ca/1-0&fp=446ac3892cf90222&ei=xwBqRP_7EIX2owLgkaT6Ag&url=http%3A//trends.newsforge.com/trends/06/05/12/144252.shtml%3Ftid%3D136%26tid%3D132%26tid%3D150&cid=0|title=Canadian Census controversy continues|publisher=NewsForge|date=[[2006-05-12]]|accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref>
* Failure to comply with [[Treasury Board]] guidelines to meet W3C accessibility recommendations for the visually impaired.
* Failure to support [[open source]] [[operating system]]s. Support for [[Linux]] was eventually added,<ref name=linux>{{cite web|url=http://www22.statcan.ca/ccr02/ccr02_003_e.htm|title=Notice to Linux users|publisher=[[Statistics Canada]]|year=2006|accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref> but support for other operating systems was not.
==See also==
*[[Demographics of Canada]]
*[[Statistics Act]]
==External links==
*[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/release/ 2006 Census: Release topics and dates] - Statistics Canada's page on the 2006 Census.
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Census-ca}}
{{Demographics of Canada-navbar}}
{{Canada topics}}
[[Category:2006 in Canada|Census]]
[[Category:Demographics of Canada]]
[[Category:Censuses in Canada]]