Cantabri 2293515 222057950 2008-06-27T10:38:41Z Jaraalbe 261435 reclassify [[Image:Cantabros.png|300px|thumb|right|Location of the Cantabri during the [[Cantabrian Wars]]]] The '''Cantabri''' were an ancient confederacy of eleven tribes<ref>Kruta 2000 gives the Avarigines, Blendii (or Plentusii), Camarici, Concani, Coniaci, Moroecani, Noegi, Orgenomesci, Salaeni, Vadinienses and the Velliques.</ref>, either [[Celt]]ic or [[Neolithic Europe|pre-Indo European]], that inhabited the north coast of [[Hispania]] in the whole modern province of [[Cantabria]], the eastern third of [[Asturias]] and the nearby mountainous regions of modern [[Castile-Leon]]. According to Strabo the Cantabrians were either formerly called [[Lusitanians]] or as according to [[Julius Caesar]], they were a tribe of native origin. <ref>[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/3D*.html Strabo, Geography, Book III, Chapter 4]</ref> Regarded as savage and untamable mountaineers, they long defied the Roman arms and made a name for themselves for their independent spirit and freedom. They were first attacked by the [[Roman Republic|Romans]] about 150 BC. In his ''[[Gallic War]]''<ref>iii.26.</ref> [[Julius Caesar]] describes how [[Crassus]] scored a victory over combined forces of Cantabri and [[Aquitania]]ns, who are described as ''relatives'', casting some doubt on the alleged Celticity of this nation. The tribe name [[Cantabri]] is a word of [[Ligurian]] origin meaning [[Highlanders]], so the tribe may have had a different name prior to the arrival of the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]]. They were not subdued until [[Agrippa]] and [[Augustus]]&mdash; present in person on this campaign&mdash; had carried out a series of campaigns known as the [[Cantabrian Wars]] (29-19 BC), which ended in their partial annihilation.<ref> [[Suetonius]], ''Augustus'', 21 [[Tiberius]] saw his first military experience in the campaign against the Cantabri of 25 BC, as a tribune of the soldiers. ''Tiberius'', 9</ref> Thenceforward their land was part of the province of [[Hispania Tarraconensis]], with some measure of local self-government. The remaining population of the region became slowly Romanized in their [[material culture]], but developed little town life and are rarely mentioned in history. They provided recruits for the Roman ''auxilia'', like their neighbors to the west, the [[Astures]]. Cantabria contained lead mines, of which, however, little is known. ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==See also== *[[Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula]] ==External links== *[http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC)] ==References== *{{1911}} *Venceslas Kruta, 2000. ''Les Celtes, histoire et dictionnaire'', (Paris: Éditions Robert Lafont) ISBN 2-7028-6261-6 [[Category:Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula]] [[Category:Cantabria]] [[Category:Ethnic groups in Europe]] {{euro-ethno-group-stub}} {{Spain-hist-stub}} [[ast:Cántabros]] [[es:Cántabros]] [[eu:Kantabri]] [[fr:Cantabres]] [[it:Cantabri]] [[hu:Cantabrusok]] [[nl:Cantabri]] [[pt:Cântabros]]