Carl Wernicke 847063 225377730 2008-07-13T10:47:20Z Colonies Chris 577301 sp, date & link fixes, Replaced: Tarnowskie Gory → Tarnowskie Góry using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] {{Infobox Scientist |name = Carl Wernicke |box_width = |image =Wernicke16.jpg |image_width =200px |caption = Carl Wernicke |birth_date = [[15 May]] [[1848]] |birth_place = [[Upper Silesia]] |death_date = [[15 June]] [[1905]] |death_place = [[Gräfenroda]], [[Germany]] |residence = |citizenship = |nationality = |ethnicity = |field = [[physician]] |work_institutions = |alma_mater = [[University of Breslau]] |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |prizes = |religion = |footnotes = |signature = }} '''Carl Wernicke''' (born [[15 May]] [[1848]] in Tarnowitz, [[Upper Silesia]], then [[Prussia]], now [[Tarnowskie Góry]], [[Poland]] – died [[15 June]] [[1905]] in [[Gräfenroda]], [[Germany]]) was a German [[physician]], [[anatomist]], [[psychiatrist]] and [[neuropathologist]]. He earned his medical degree at the [[University of Breslau]] (1870). He died in Germany due to injuries suffered during a bicycle accident <ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2699/is_0006/ai_2699000652 Wernicke Biography]</ref>. Shortly after [[Paul Broca]] published his findings on [[language]] deficits caused by damage to what is now referred to as [[Broca's area]], Wernicke began pursuing his own research into the effects of [[brain]] disease on [[Speech communication|speech]] and language. Wernicke noticed that not all language deficits were the result of damage to Broca's area. Rather he found that damage to the left [[Anatomical terms of location|posterior]], superior [[temporal lobe|temporal]] [[gyrus]] resulted in deficits in language comprehension. This region is now referred to as [[Wernicke's area]], and the associated syndrome is known as [[Wernicke's aphasia]], for his discovery. ==The Wernicke-Geschwind model of language== Wernicke created an early neurological model of language, that later was revived by [[Norman Geschwind]]. The model is known as the [[Wernicke-Geschwind model]].[[Image:Wernickeges2.gif|thumb|The classical Wernicke-Geschwind model of language]] ==Neurological syndromes described by Wernicke== *[[Receptive aphasia|Wernicke aphasia]]: the [[eponym]]ous term for receptive or sensory aphasia. It is the inability to understand speech, or to produce meaningful speech, caused by lesions to the posterior [[Anatomical terms of location|superior temporal gyrus]]. *[[Wernicke's encephalopathy|Wernicke encephalopathy]]: an acute [[neurology|neurological]] syndrome of [[ophthalmoparesis]], [[ataxia]], and [[encephalopathy]] brought on by [[thiamine]] deficiency. Wernicke's encephalopathy can occur combined with Korsakoff psychosis, which is a [[subacute]] [[dementia]] syndrome. It is then called the [[Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome]]. ==References== <div class="references-small"> <references /> *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:14648163 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14648163 |last=Pillmann |first=Frank |publication-date=2003 Nov |year=[[2003]] |title=Carl Wernicke (1848-1905). |volume=250 |issue=11 |periodical=J. Neurol. |pages=1390-1 |doi = 10.1007/s00415-003-0250-x }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:11688189 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11688189 |last=Block |first=F |publication-date=2001 Oct |year=[[2001]] |title=[Carl Wernicke (1848-1905). Comments on the cover picture] |volume=72 |issue=10 |periodical=Der Nervenarzt |pages=832 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:11623615 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11623615 |last=Krahl |first=A |last2=Schifferdecker |first2=M |last3=Beveridge |first3=A |publication-date=1998 Dec |year=[[1998]] |title=Carl Wernicke and the concept of 'elementary symptom'. |volume=9 |issue=36 |periodical=History of psychiatry |pages=503-8 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:11602926 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11602926 |last=Pillmann |first=F |last2=Marneros |first2=A |publication-date=2001 Oct |year=[[2001]] |title=[Carl Wernicke: his impact past and present] |volume=69 |issue=10 |periodical=Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie |pages=488-94 |doi = 10.1055/s-2001-17566 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:11619195 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11619195 |last=Graves |first=R E |publication-date=1997 Apr |year=[[1997]] |title=The legacy of the Wernicke-Lichtheim model. |volume=6 |issue=1 |periodical=Journal of the history of the neurosciences |pages=3-20 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:8193911 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8193911 |last=Mathews |first=P J |last2=Obler |first2=L K |last3=Albert |first3=M L |publication-date=1994 Apr |year=[[1994]] |title=Wernicke and Alzheimer on the language disturbances of dementia and aphasia. |volume=46 |issue=3 |periodical=Brain and language |pages=439-62 |doi = 10.1006/brln.1994.1024 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:8292677 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8292677 |last=Ungvari |first=G S |publication-date=1993 December 1 |year=[[1993]] |title=The Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard school of psychiatry. |volume=34 |issue=11 |periodical=Biol. Psychiatry |pages=749-52 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:11618411 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11618411 |last=Ljungberg |first=L |publication-date=1992 Jan |year=[[1992]] |title=Carl Wernicke and Sergei Korsakoff: fin de siècle innovators in neuropsychiatry. |volume=1 |issue=1 |periodical=Journal of the history of the neurosciences |pages=23-7 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:2084781 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2084781 |last=Franzek |first=E |publication-date=1990 |year=[[1990]] |title=Influence of Carl Wernicke on Karl Leonhard's nosology. |volume=23 |issue=4-6 |periodical=Psychopathology |pages=277-81 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:3906319 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3906319 |last=Ljungberg |first=L |publication-date=1985 October 30 |year=[[1985]] |title=[The men behind the syndrome: Carl Wernicke and Sergej Korsakov. They founded the new psychiatry at the turn of the century] |volume=82 |issue=44 |periodical=Lakartidningen |pages=3788-9 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:7021463 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7021463 |last=Breathnach |first=C S |publication-date=1981 Jul |year=[[1981]] |title=Biographical sketches no. 7 - Wernicke. |volume=74 |issue=7 |periodical=Irish medical journal |pages=183 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:791777 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/791777 |last=Lebrun |first=Y |last2=Stevens |first2=C |publication-date=1976 |year=[[1976]] |title=[Wernicke, Freud and the concept of paraphasia] |volume=28 |issue=1 |periodical=Folia phoniatrica |pages=34-9 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:4928002 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4928002 |last=Marx |first=O M |publication-date=1970 |year=[[1970]] |title=Nineteenth-century medical psychology. Theoretical problems in the work of Griesinger, Meynert, and Wernicke. |volume=61 |issue=3 |periodical=Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences |pages=355-70 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:4889456 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4889456 |last=Stender |first=A |publication-date=1968 May 5 |year=[[1968]] |title=[On the research activity of Eduard Hitzig (1838-1907) and Carl Wernicke (1848-1905) in Berlin] |volume=19 |issue=9 |periodical=Deutsches medizinisches Journal |pages=335-9 }} *{{Citation |id = [[PMID]]:4862324 |url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4862324 |last=Leonhard |first=K |publication-date=1966 May |year=[[1966]] |title=[Psychiatry on the clinical basis of Wernicke. In memory of Wernicke as a clinician on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of his death ([[June 15]], [[1905]])] |volume=18 |issue=5 |periodical=Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie |pages=165-71 }} </div> ==External links== * [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2699/is_0006/ai_2699000652 Wernicke Biography] {{BD|1845|1905|Wernicke, Carl}} [[Category:History of neuroscience]] [[Category:German neuroscientists]] [[Category:German physicians]] [[Category:People from Silesia]] [[Category:People from the Province of Silesia]] [[Category:University of Wrocław alumni]] [[de:Carl Wernicke]] [[es:Karl Wernicke]] [[fr:Carl Wernicke]] [[gl:Carl Wernicke]] [[id:Karl Wernicke]] [[it:Carl Wernicke]] [[nl:Carl Wernicke]] [[no:Carl Wernicke]] [[pl:Carl Wernicke]] [[pt:Karl Wernicke]] [[sv:Carl Wernicke]]