Carl Wernicke
847063
225377730
2008-07-13T10:47:20Z
Colonies Chris
577301
sp, date & link fixes, Replaced: Tarnowskie Gory → Tarnowskie Góry using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]]
{{Infobox Scientist
|name = Carl Wernicke
|box_width =
|image =Wernicke16.jpg
|image_width =200px
|caption = Carl Wernicke
|birth_date = [[15 May]] [[1848]]
|birth_place = [[Upper Silesia]]
|death_date = [[15 June]] [[1905]]
|death_place = [[Gräfenroda]], [[Germany]]
|residence =
|citizenship =
|nationality =
|ethnicity =
|field = [[physician]]
|work_institutions =
|alma_mater = [[University of Breslau]]
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for =
|author_abbrev_bot =
|author_abbrev_zoo =
|influences =
|influenced =
|prizes =
|religion =
|footnotes =
|signature =
}}
'''Carl Wernicke''' (born [[15 May]] [[1848]] in Tarnowitz, [[Upper Silesia]], then [[Prussia]], now [[Tarnowskie Góry]], [[Poland]] – died [[15 June]] [[1905]] in [[Gräfenroda]], [[Germany]]) was a German [[physician]], [[anatomist]], [[psychiatrist]] and [[neuropathologist]]. He earned his medical degree at the [[University of Breslau]] (1870). He died in Germany due to injuries suffered during a bicycle accident <ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2699/is_0006/ai_2699000652 Wernicke Biography]</ref>.
Shortly after [[Paul Broca]] published his findings on [[language]] deficits caused by damage to what is now referred to as [[Broca's area]], Wernicke began pursuing his own research into the effects of [[brain]] disease on [[Speech communication|speech]] and language. Wernicke noticed that not all language deficits were the result of damage to Broca's area. Rather he found that damage to the left [[Anatomical terms of location|posterior]], superior [[temporal lobe|temporal]] [[gyrus]] resulted in deficits in language comprehension. This region is now referred to as [[Wernicke's area]], and the associated syndrome is known as [[Wernicke's aphasia]], for his discovery.
==The Wernicke-Geschwind model of language==
Wernicke created an early neurological model of language, that later was revived by [[Norman Geschwind]]. The model is known as the [[Wernicke-Geschwind model]].[[Image:Wernickeges2.gif|thumb|The classical Wernicke-Geschwind model of language]]
==Neurological syndromes described by Wernicke==
*[[Receptive aphasia|Wernicke aphasia]]: the [[eponym]]ous term for receptive or sensory aphasia. It is the inability to understand speech, or to produce meaningful speech, caused by lesions to the posterior [[Anatomical terms of location|superior temporal gyrus]].
*[[Wernicke's encephalopathy|Wernicke encephalopathy]]: an acute [[neurology|neurological]] syndrome of [[ophthalmoparesis]], [[ataxia]], and [[encephalopathy]] brought on by [[thiamine]] deficiency. Wernicke's encephalopathy can occur combined with Korsakoff psychosis, which is a [[subacute]] [[dementia]] syndrome. It is then called the [[Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome]].
==References==
<div class="references-small">
<references />
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:14648163
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14648163
|last=Pillmann
|first=Frank
|publication-date=2003 Nov
|year=[[2003]]
|title=Carl Wernicke (1848-1905).
|volume=250
|issue=11
|periodical=J. Neurol.
|pages=1390-1
|doi = 10.1007/s00415-003-0250-x
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:11688189
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11688189
|last=Block
|first=F
|publication-date=2001 Oct
|year=[[2001]]
|title=[Carl Wernicke (1848-1905). Comments on the cover picture]
|volume=72
|issue=10
|periodical=Der Nervenarzt
|pages=832
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:11623615
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11623615
|last=Krahl
|first=A
|last2=Schifferdecker
|first2=M
|last3=Beveridge
|first3=A
|publication-date=1998 Dec
|year=[[1998]]
|title=Carl Wernicke and the concept of 'elementary symptom'.
|volume=9
|issue=36
|periodical=History of psychiatry
|pages=503-8
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:11602926
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11602926
|last=Pillmann
|first=F
|last2=Marneros
|first2=A
|publication-date=2001 Oct
|year=[[2001]]
|title=[Carl Wernicke: his impact past and present]
|volume=69
|issue=10
|periodical=Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie
|pages=488-94
|doi = 10.1055/s-2001-17566
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:11619195
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11619195
|last=Graves
|first=R E
|publication-date=1997 Apr
|year=[[1997]]
|title=The legacy of the Wernicke-Lichtheim model.
|volume=6
|issue=1
|periodical=Journal of the history of the neurosciences
|pages=3-20
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:8193911
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8193911
|last=Mathews
|first=P J
|last2=Obler
|first2=L K
|last3=Albert
|first3=M L
|publication-date=1994 Apr
|year=[[1994]]
|title=Wernicke and Alzheimer on the language disturbances of dementia and aphasia.
|volume=46
|issue=3
|periodical=Brain and language
|pages=439-62
|doi = 10.1006/brln.1994.1024
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:8292677
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8292677
|last=Ungvari
|first=G S
|publication-date=1993 December 1
|year=[[1993]]
|title=The Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard school of psychiatry.
|volume=34
|issue=11
|periodical=Biol. Psychiatry
|pages=749-52
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:11618411
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11618411
|last=Ljungberg
|first=L
|publication-date=1992 Jan
|year=[[1992]]
|title=Carl Wernicke and Sergei Korsakoff: fin de siècle innovators in neuropsychiatry.
|volume=1
|issue=1
|periodical=Journal of the history of the neurosciences
|pages=23-7
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:2084781
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2084781
|last=Franzek
|first=E
|publication-date=1990
|year=[[1990]]
|title=Influence of Carl Wernicke on Karl Leonhard's nosology.
|volume=23
|issue=4-6
|periodical=Psychopathology
|pages=277-81
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:3906319
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3906319
|last=Ljungberg
|first=L
|publication-date=1985 October 30
|year=[[1985]]
|title=[The men behind the syndrome: Carl Wernicke and Sergej Korsakov. They founded the new psychiatry at the turn of the century]
|volume=82
|issue=44
|periodical=Lakartidningen
|pages=3788-9
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:7021463
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7021463
|last=Breathnach
|first=C S
|publication-date=1981 Jul
|year=[[1981]]
|title=Biographical sketches no. 7 - Wernicke.
|volume=74
|issue=7
|periodical=Irish medical journal
|pages=183
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:791777
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/791777
|last=Lebrun
|first=Y
|last2=Stevens
|first2=C
|publication-date=1976
|year=[[1976]]
|title=[Wernicke, Freud and the concept of paraphasia]
|volume=28
|issue=1
|periodical=Folia phoniatrica
|pages=34-9
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:4928002
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4928002
|last=Marx
|first=O M
|publication-date=1970
|year=[[1970]]
|title=Nineteenth-century medical psychology. Theoretical problems in the work of Griesinger, Meynert, and Wernicke.
|volume=61
|issue=3
|periodical=Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences
|pages=355-70
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:4889456
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4889456
|last=Stender
|first=A
|publication-date=1968 May 5
|year=[[1968]]
|title=[On the research activity of Eduard Hitzig (1838-1907) and Carl Wernicke (1848-1905) in Berlin]
|volume=19
|issue=9
|periodical=Deutsches medizinisches Journal
|pages=335-9
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:4862324
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4862324
|last=Leonhard
|first=K
|publication-date=1966 May
|year=[[1966]]
|title=[Psychiatry on the clinical basis of Wernicke. In memory of Wernicke as a clinician on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of his death ([[June 15]], [[1905]])]
|volume=18
|issue=5
|periodical=Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie
|pages=165-71
}}
</div>
==External links==
* [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2699/is_0006/ai_2699000652 Wernicke Biography]
{{BD|1845|1905|Wernicke, Carl}}
[[Category:History of neuroscience]]
[[Category:German neuroscientists]]
[[Category:German physicians]]
[[Category:People from Silesia]]
[[Category:People from the Province of Silesia]]
[[Category:University of Wrocław alumni]]
[[de:Carl Wernicke]]
[[es:Karl Wernicke]]
[[fr:Carl Wernicke]]
[[gl:Carl Wernicke]]
[[id:Karl Wernicke]]
[[it:Carl Wernicke]]
[[nl:Carl Wernicke]]
[[no:Carl Wernicke]]
[[pl:Carl Wernicke]]
[[pt:Karl Wernicke]]
[[sv:Carl Wernicke]]