Carmagnola
1966003
218044924
2008-06-08T22:23:27Z
Lightbot
7178666
Units/dates/other
{{for|the military leader|Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola}}
{{Infobox CityIT |
image_skyline=Via centrale Carmagnola.JPG|
image_caption=A central street in Carmagnola.|
img_coa = carmagnola-Stemma.png|
official_name = Comune di Carmagnola|
region = [[Piedmont]] |
province = [[Province of Turin|Turin]] (TO) |
elevation_m = 240|
area_total_km2 = 96.38|
population_as_of = [[July 11]], [[2007]]|
population_total = 27043|
population_density_km2 = 281|
timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]], [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]+1 |
coordinates = {{coor dm|44|51|N|7|43|E|type:city(25,718)_region:IT}}|
frazioni = San Bernardo, Salsasio, San Giovanni, San Michele Grato,Cappuccini, Casanova, Tuninetti, Vallongo, Motta e Corno |
telephone = 011 |
postalcode = 10022 |
gentilic = carmagnolesi |
saint = [[Immaculate Conception]] |
day = [[december 8]] |
mayor = Gian Luigi Surra |
website = [http://www.comune.carmagnola.to.it www.comune.carmagnola.to.it] |
mapy = 7.7167 |
mapx = 44.8500 |
}}
[[Image:Chiesa Colleggiata Carmagnola.JPG|thumb|250px|Collegiata Church in Carmagnola.]]
[[Image:Castello Carmagnola.JPG|thumb|250px|The medieval Castle, the present Town Hall.]]
'''Carmagnola''' is a ''[[comune]]'' (municipality) in the [[Province of Turin]] in the [[Italy|Italian]] region [[Piedmont]], located 29 km south of [[Turin]]. As of [[July 11]], [[2007]], it had a population of 27,043 and an area of 96.4 km².<ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute [[Istat]].</ref>
The municipality of Carmagnola contains the ''[[frazione|frazioni]]'' (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) San Bernardo, Salsasio, San Giovanni, San Michele Grato, Cappuccini, Casanova, Tuninetti, Vallongo, and Motta e Corno.
Carmagnola borders the following municipalities: [[Poirino]], [[Villastellone]], [[Carignano]], [[Lombriasco]], [[Ceresole Alba]], [[Racconigi]], [[Sommariva del Bosco]], [[Caramagna Piemonte]].
== History ==
The municipality was founded during the 11th century. The land, originally owned by the [[Arduinic]] dynasty, passed to the [[List of Magraves of Saluzzo|Margraves of Saluzzo]], who had a castle built here. The Saluzzo dinasty soon underwent a rapid decadence ending with a French domination period which lasted 40 years. In 1588 Carmagnola became a possession of the [[House of Savoy]], when [[Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy| Charles Emmanuel I]] besieged and conquered it. French took possession of Carmagnola a second time during the 17th century, during the civil war between ''Madamisti'' and ''Principisti'' (supporters of the French and the Savoy dinasty respectively). In this period (1637-1642), the three main subdivisions were raised to the ground as they were conflicting with the defence structures, and immediately re-built around 1.5 km from their original position, where they still are at the present time.
In 1690 the city was once again occupied by the French general [[Catinat]], but just one year later [[Victor Amadeus II of Savoy]] brought it back among [[House of Savoy|Piedmontese]] possessions. While its defence buildings were being demolished and its strategic role was progessively decreasing in importance, the town could finally develop [[agriculture]] and [[commerce]], mainly of [[canapa]] and [[rope]]s, which were exported in great quantity to [[Liguria]] and souther France. The characteristic of both agricultural and commercial site remained important until after [[World War II]], which caused a massive [[immigration]] and a rapid [[town| urbanistic]] expansion]].
== Geographical position ==
The town is on the right side of the [[Po river]]. The nature of the soil determined, as time was passing, the accumulation of the river sands.
== Economy ==
The economy of the town is currently linked to the industry and intensive production of [[vegetable]]s and [[cereal]]s, which the particular soil makes very productive. Industry experienced a notable growth during 1960s, when [[FIAT]] opened an important [[factory]], thus attracting a growing number of immigrants from [[southern Italy]]. The rapid growth of FIAT made also possible other activities in the [[metallurgy]], [[electronics]], [[optics]], [[chemical industry]], and [[food industry]] fields.
Also well-developed are the [[banking]], [[financial]] and [[insurance]] sectors.
== Notable citiziens ==
[[Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola]], better known as ''Il Carmagnola'' (1380-1432), was a famous Renaissance [[condottiero]].
== Feasts and celebrations ==
*'''Peppers Fair'''. It is held between the last week of August and the first of September; it is an [[wine| eno]]-[[gastronomy| gastronomic]] fair dedicated to the most typical product of Carmagnola's agriculture. It attracts over 250,000 visitors each year.
*'''Spring Fair''', ''Fiera di primavera''. Held annually in March, dedicated to agricultural commerce, it features many collateral events.
== Demographic evolution ==
<timeline>
Colors=
id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8)
id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1)
id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8)
ImageSize = width:455 height:303
PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30
DateFormat = x.y
Period = from:0 till:26000
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
AlignBars = justify
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:2000 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:500 start:0
BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo
BarData=
bar:1861 text:1861
bar:1871 text:1871
bar:1881 text:1881
bar:1901 text:1901
bar:1911 text:1911
bar:1921 text:1921
bar:1931 text:1931
bar:1936 text:1936
bar:1951 text:1951
bar:1961 text:1961
bar:1971 text:1971
bar:1981 text:1981
bar:1991 text:1991
bar:2001 text:2001
PlotData=
color:barra width:20 align:left
bar:1861 from: 0 till:12664
bar:1871 from: 0 till:13247
bar:1881 from: 0 till:13005
bar:1901 from: 0 till:11721
bar:1911 from: 0 till:12248
bar:1921 from: 0 till:11987
bar:1931 from: 0 till:12078
bar:1936 from: 0 till:12737
bar:1951 from: 0 till:13459
bar:1961 from: 0 till:14477
bar:1971 from: 0 till:21109
bar:1981 from: 0 till:24187
bar:1991 from: 0 till:24725
bar:2001 from: 0 till:24911
PlotData=
bar:1861 at:12664 fontsize:XS text: 12664 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1871 at:13247 fontsize:XS text: 13247 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1881 at:13005 fontsize:XS text: 13005 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1901 at:11721 fontsize:XS text: 11721 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1911 at:12248 fontsize:XS text: 12248 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1921 at:11987 fontsize:XS text: 11987 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1931 at:12078 fontsize:XS text: 12078 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1936 at:12737 fontsize:XS text: 12737 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1951 at:13459 fontsize:XS text: 13459 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1961 at:14477 fontsize:XS text: 14477 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1971 at:21109 fontsize:XS text: 21109 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1981 at:24187 fontsize:XS text: 24187 shift:(-8,5)
bar:1991 at:24725 fontsize:XS text: 24725 shift:(-8,5)
bar:2001 at:24911 fontsize:XS text: 24911 shift:(-8,5)
TextData=
fontsize:S pos:(20,20)
text:Data from ISTAT
</timeline>
==Twin towns==
* [[Image:Flag of Croatia.svg|border|20px]] [[Opatija]], [[Croatia]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.comune.carmagnola.to.it Official website]
<br clear=all>
{{Province of Turin}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Piedmont]]
[[Category:Castles in Italy]]
[[ca:Carmagnola]]
[[de:Carmagnola (Piemont)]]
[[es:Carmañola (Italia)]]
[[eo:Carmagnola]]
[[fr:Carmagnole (Italie)]]
[[id:Carmagnola]]
[[it:Carmagnola]]
[[he:קארמניולה]]
[[nl:Carmagnola]]
[[ja:カルマニョーラ]]
[[nap:Carmagnola]]
[[pms:Carmagnòla]]
[[pl:Carmagnola]]
[[pt:Carmagnola]]
[[vo:Carmagnola]]