Carpus
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robot Adding: [[eu:Karpo]]
{{Infobox Bone |
Name = Carpus |
Latin = ossa carpi |
GraySubject = 54 |
GrayPage = 221 |
Image = Carpus.png |
Caption = '''BONES OF HAND'''<BR>''Proximal:'' A=[[Scaphoid bone|Scaphoid]], B=[[Lunate bone|Lunate]], C=[[Triquetral bone|Triquetral]], D=[[Pisiform bone|Pisiform]]<BR>''Distal:'' E=[[Trapezium bone|Trapezium]], F=[[Trapezoid bone|Trapezoid]], G=[[Capitate bone|Capitate]], H=[[Hamate bone|Hamate]]|
Image2 = |
Caption2 = |
System = |
MeshName = Carpal+Bones |
MeshNumber = A02.835.232.087.144 |
DorlandsPre = o_07 |
DorlandsSuf = 12598168 |
}}
In [[tetrapod]]s, the '''carpus''' is the sole cluster of the [[bone]]s in the [[wrist]] between the [[radius (bone)|radius]] and [[ulna]] and the [[metacarpus]]. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the [[foot]] is the [[Tarsus (skeleton)|tarsus]]. Carpal bones are not considered part of the hand but are part of the wrist. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically and horizontally.
==Variations==
In some [[macropod]]s, the scaphoid and lunar bones are fused into the scaphollunar bone.<ref>[http://home.brisnet.org.au/~mccready/Swamp%20Wallaby.htm Swamp Wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) carpals<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
==The carpus==
{| class="wikitable"
| '''Row''' || '''Name''' || '''Proximal/radial articulations''' || '''Distal articulations''' || '''Metacarpal articulations'''
|-
| Proximal || [[Scaphoid bone|Scaphoid]] || [[radius (bone)|radius]], lunate || trapezium, trapezoid, capitate || -
|-
| Proximal || [[Lunate bone|Lunate]] || radius, scaphoid, triquetral || capitate, hamate || -
|-
| Proximal || [[Triquetrum bone|Triquetral]] || lunate, pisiform (but NOT [[ulna]]) || hamate || -
|-
| Proximal || [[Pisiform bone|Pisiform]] ([[sesamoid bone]]) || triquetral || - || -
|-
| Distal || [[Trapezium (bone)|Trapezium]] || scaphoid || trapezoid || [[first metacarpal|#1]] and [[second metacarpal|#2]]
|-
| Distal || [[Trapezoid bone|Trapezoid]] || scaphoid || trapezium, capitate || #2
|-
| Distal || [[Capitate]] || scaphoid, lunate || trapezoid, hamate || #2, [[third metacarpal|#3]] and [[fourth metacarpal|#4]]
|-
| Distal || [[Hamate]] || triquetral, lunate || capitate || [[fourth metacarpal|#4]] and [[fifth metacarpal|#5]]
|}
===Mnemonics===
There exist several [[mnemonic]]s to remember these bones:<ref>{{MedicalMnemonics|414|381|4|3448}}</ref>
*'''S'''ally '''l'''eft '''t'''he '''p'''arty / '''t'''o '''t'''ake '''C'''athy '''h'''ome.
*'''S'''ome '''l'''overs '''t'''ry '''p'''ositions / '''t'''hat '''t'''hey '''C'''an't '''h'''andle.
*'''S'''he '''l'''ooks '''t'''oo '''p'''retty / '''t'''ry '''t'''o '''C'''atch '''h'''er.
Common characteristics of the carpal bones
Each bone well almost each bone (excepting the pisiform) presents six (6) surfaces.
Of these the ''palmar'' or ''anterior'' and the ''dorsal'' or ''posterior surfaces'' are rough, for ligamentous attachment; the dorsal surfaces being the broader, except in the lunate.
The ''superior'' or ''proximal,'' and ''inferior'' or ''distal surfaces'' are articular, the superior generally convex, the inferior concave; the ''medial'' and ''lateral surfaces'' are also articular where they are in contact with contiguous bones, otherwise they are rough and tuberculated.
The structure in all is similar: [[cancellous]] tissue enclosed in a layer of [[compact bone]].'''
== See also ==
*[[Bone#Terminology|Bone terminology]]
*[[Terms for anatomical location]]
*[[Carpal tunnel]]
*[[Carpal tunnel syndrome]]
==Additional images==
<gallery>
Image:Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg |Human hand bones
Image:Gray219.png|Bones of the left hand. Palmar surface.
Image:Gray220.png|Bones of the left hand. Dorsal surface.
Image:Gray336.png|Vertical section through the articulations at the wrist, showing the synovial cavities.
</gallery>
'''==References==
<references/>'''
==External links==
* {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|08|os|01|01}} - "Palm of the Hand: Carpal bones"
* {{KansasHandKinesiology|bone/wrist.html}}
{{Bones of upper extremity}}
[[Category:Short bones]]
[[Category:Wrist]]
[[ar:رسغ]]
[[cs:Kostra zápěstí]]
[[de:Handwurzelknochen]]
[[et:Randme luud]]
[[es:Carpo]]
[[eu:Karpo]]
[[fr:Carpe (anatomie)]]
[[it:Carpo]]
[[he:עצמות שורש כף היד]]
[[la:Carpus]]
[[lt:Plaštaka]]
[[hu:Kéztőcsont]]
[[nl:Handwortelbeen]]
[[pl:Nadgarstek]]
[[pt:Carpo]]
[[sl:Zapestna kost]]
[[fi:Ranneluu]]
[[sv:Handlov]]
[[th:กระดูกข้อมือ]]
[[uk:Зап'ястя]]
[[zh:腕骨]]