Catuaba 3692350 211177923 2008-05-09T02:23:35Z SmackBot 433328 Date the maintenance tags or general fixes The name catuaba is used for the infusions of the [[bark]] of a number of trees native to [[Brazil]]. The most widely used barks are derived from the trees ''[[Trichilia]] catigua'' and ''[[Erythroxylum]] vacciniifolium''. Other catuaba preparations use the bark of trees from the following genera or families : ''[[Anemopaegma]]'', ''[[Ilex]]'', ''[[Micropholis]]'', ''[[Phyllanthus]]'', ''[[Secondatia]]'', ''[[Tetragastris]]'' and species from the [[Myrtaceae]]. It is often claimed that catuaba is derived from the tree ''Erythroxylum catuaba'', but this tree has been only described once, (in [[1904]]), and it is not known today to what tree this name referred. The name ''E. catuaba'' is therefore not a recognised species (Kletter et al; 2004). Local synonyms are Chuchuhuasha, Tatuaba, Pau de Reposta, Piratancara and Caramuru. A commercial liquid preparation, Catuama, contains multiple ingredients, one of these being catuaba from Trichilia catigua. An [[infusion]] of the bark is used in traditional Brazilian medicine as an [[aphrodisiac]] and [[central nervous system]] stimulant. These claims have not been confirmed in scientific studies, but a [[journalist]] for the [[Discovery Channel]] claims that "reports in [[scientific journal]]s and at conferences have supported <nowiki>[catuaba's]</nowiki> use for sexual enhancement. In catuaba, a group of three alkaloids dubbed [[catuabine]] A, B and C are believed to enhance sexual function by stimulating the nervous system". {{Fact|date=May 2008}} A study by [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1525337&query_hl=2&itool=pubmed_docsum Manabe et al. (1992)] showed that catuaba extracts from Trichilia catigua were useful in preventing potentially lethal [[bacteria|bacterial]] [[infection]]s and [[HIV]] infection in [[mouse|mice]]. Catuaba bark and preparations are sold as aphrodisiacs and remedies for [[erectile dysfunction]] in [[health food store]]s and through online retailers. ==References== * Beltrame, F.L.; Filho, E.R.; Barros, F.A.P.; Cortez, D.A.G.; Casset, Q.B. (2006): A validated higher-performance liquid chromatography method for quantification of cinchonain Ib in bark and phytopharmaceuticals of Trichilia catigua used as Catuaba. ''Journal of Chromatography'' Vol. 119A(1-2): p. 257-263. ({{ISSN|0021-9673}}, [[CODEN]] JCRAEY). * Campos M.M. et al. (2005): Antidepressant-like effects of Trichilia catigua (Catuaba) extract: evidence for dopaminergic-mediated mechanisms. ''Psychopharmacology (Berlin)'' Vol. 182, p. 45-53. ({{ISSN|0033-3158}}, [[CODEN]] PSYPAG). * Castellani, D.C. (2003): Produção de óleo essencial em Catuaba (Trichilia catigua) e Negramina (Siparuna guianensis) em função da época de colheita.. In: ''Anais do II Simpósio Brasileiro de Óleos Essenciais - Diagnóstico e Perspectivas'', 2003, Campinas. ''Documento IAC 74''. Campinas : IAC, 2003. ({{ISSN|0102-4477}}). * Daly, D.C. (1990): The genus Tetragastris and the forests of eastern Brazil. Studies in neotropical Burseraceae - III. ''Kew Bulletin'' Vol. 45: p. 179-194. ({{ISSN|0075-5974}}, [[CODEN]] KEWBAF). * Da Silva, Arthur José (1904): Estudo botânico e chímico da catuaba (Erythroxylaceae catuaba do Norte). ''These de doutoramento da Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia''. [Reprint published in 3 parts in ''Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy'', as cited below as Da Silva, Arthur José (2004, 2005)]. * Da Silva, Arthur José (2004): Estudo botânico e chímico da catuaba (Erythroxylaceae catuaba do Norte), Parte I: Histórico, habitat, synonimia e botanica da catuaba. ''Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia'' (''Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy'') Vol. 14(1): p. 67-77.({{ISSN|0102-695X}}, [[CODEN]] RBFAEL). Online: [http://www.sbfgnosia.org.br/admin/pages/revista/artigo/arquivos/425-arquivo-67_77.pdf] * Da Silva, Arthur José (2004): Estudo botânico e chímico da catuaba (Erythroxylaceae catuaba do Norte), Parte II. ''Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia'' (''Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy'') Vol. 14(2): p. 78-88(?). ({{ISSN|0102-695X}}, [[CODEN]] RBFAEL). * Da Silva, Arthur José (2005): Estudo botânico e chímico da catuaba (Erythroxylaceae catuaba do Norte), Parte III: Estudo chimico da catuaba. ''Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia'' (''Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy'') Vol. 15(1): p. 77-81. ({{ISSN|0102-695X}}, [[CODEN]] RBFAEL). Online: [http://www.sbfgnosia.org.br/admin/pages/revista/artigo/arquivos/224-arquivo-77_81.pdf] * Da Silva, Rodolpho Albino Dias (1929): Catuaba (Anemopaegma mirandum (Chamisso) Alph. De Candolle). ''Pharmacopeia dos Estados Unidos do Brasil''; Companhia Editora Nacional, Sao Paulo, Brasil, p. 194, 385. * Da Silva, Rodolpho Albino Dias (1934): Catuaba. ''Revista de Flora Medicinal'' Vol. 1(5): p. 211-224. ({{ISSN|0370-484X}}, [[CODEN]] RFLMA9). * Ducke, Adolpho (1966): A catuaba na botanica sistemática, científica e pseudo-científica. ''Revista Brasileira de Farmácia'' Vol. 47(5): p. 267-272 ({{ISSN|0370-372X}}, [[CODEN]] RBFAAH). * Evans, W.C. (1981): The comparative phytochemistry of the genus Erythroxylon. ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology'' Vol. 3(2-3): p. 265-277 ({{ISSN|0378-8741}}, [[CODEN]] JOETD7). * Garcez, W.S.; Garcez, F.R.; Ramos, L.; Camargo, M.J.; Damasceno jr., G.A. (1997): Sesquiterpenes from Trichilia catigua. ''Fitoterapia'' 68: p. 87-88. ({{ISSN|0367-326X}}, [[CODEN]] FTRPAE). * Glasl, S.; Presser, A.; Werner, I.; Haslinger, E.; Jurenitsch, J. (2003): Tropane alkaloids from a Brazilian bark traded as "Catuaba". ''Scientia Pharmaceutica'' Vol. 71: p. 113-119. ({{ISSN|0036-8709}}, [[CODEN]] SCPHA4). * Glasl, S.; Presser, A.; Werner, I.; Haslinger, E.; Jurenitsch, J. (2004): Erratum to Tropane alkaloids from a Brazilian bark traded as "Catuaba". ''Scientia Pharmaceutica'' 72: p. 97. ({{ISSN|0036-8709}}, [[CODEN]] SCPHA4). * Graf, E.; Lude, W. (1977): Alkaloide aus Erythroxylum vacciniifolium Martius, 1. Mitt. Isolierung von Catuabin A, B und C. ''Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim)'' Vol. 310(12): p. 1005-1010. ({{ISSN|0365-6233}}, [[CODEN]] ARPMAS). * Graf, E.; Lude, W. (1978): Alkaloide aus Erythroxylum vacciniifolium Martius, 2. Mitt. Strukturaufklärung von Catuabin A, B und C. ''Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim)'' Vol. 311(2): p. 139-152. ({{ISSN|0365-6233}}, [[CODEN]] ARPMAS). * Hamet, R. (1936): Sur l’origine botanique des drogues designees au Brasil sous le nom de Catuaba. ''Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences'' Vol. 203: p. 1178-1179. ({{ISSN|0001-4036}}, [[CODEN]] COREAF). * Hamet, R. (1937): Sob re alguns effeitos physiologicos da droga brasileira conhecida pelo nome de folhas de Catuaba. ''Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société de Biologie et de Ses Filiales'' Vol. 124: p. 904-907. ({{ISSN|0037-9026}}, [[CODEN]] CRSBAW). * Kletter, C.; Glasl, S.; Presser, A.; Werner, I.; Reznicek, G.; Narantuya, S.; Cellek, S.; Haslinger, E.; Jurenitsch, J. (2004): Morphological, chemical and functional analysis of catuaba preparations. ''Planta Medica'' Vol. 70(10): p. 993-1000. ({{ISSN|0032-0943}}, [[CODEN]] PLMEAA). * Lagos, Jessé B.; Miguel, Obdulio Gomes; Duarte, Márcia do Rocio (2007): Caracteres anatômicos de catuaba (Trichilia catigua A. Juss., Meliaceae). ''Acta Farmaceutica Bonaerense'', Vol. 26, p. 185-190. ({{ISSN|0326-2383}}, [[CODEN]] AFBODJ). * Manabe, H. et al. (1992): Effects of catuaba extracts on microbial and HIV infection. ''In Vivo'' Vol. 6: p. 161-165. * Marques, L.C. (1998): Contribuição ao esclarecimento da identidade botânica da droga vegetal Catuaba. ''Revista Racine (São Paulo)'', Vol. 8(43): p. 8-11 ({{ISSN|1807-166X}}). * Martius, Karl Friedrich Philipp (1840): ''Beiträge zu Erythroxylon. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Klasse der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften'', München, Vol. 3(2): p. 107, 387 (t. 9). ({{ISSN|0176-7038}}, {{ISSN|0176-7100}}). * Mello, J.C.P.; Marques, L.C.; Dias, R.F.; Rebecca, M.A.; Peres, P.G.P. (1996): Contribuição ao esclarecimento da identidade botânica da droga vegetal Catuaba. In: ''XIV Simpósio de Plantas Medicinais do Brasil''. XIV Simpósio de Plantas Medicinais do Brasil, 17-20 Setembro 1996, Florianópolis: Editora da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, p. 52-52. * Pizzolatti M.G.; Venson, A.F.; Smania jr., A.; Smania, E.F.A.; Braz-Filho, R. (2002): Two epimeric flavalignans from Trichilia catigua (Meliaceae) with antimicrobial activity. ''Zeitschrift für Naturforschung'' Vol. 57C: p. 483-488. ({{ISSN|0939-5075}}, [[CODEN]] ZNCBDA). * Satoh, M. (2000): Cytotoxic constituents from Erythroxylum catuaba. Isolation and cytotoxic activities of cinchonain. ''Natural Medicines'' Vol. 54(2): p. 97–100. ({{ISSN|1340-3443}}, [[CODEN]] NMEDEO). * Rolim, A.; et al. (2006): Total flavonoids quantification from O/W emulsion with extract of Brazilian plants. ''International Journal of Pharmaceutics'' Vol. 308(1-2): p. 107-114. ({{ISSN|0378-5173}}, [[CODEN]] IJPHDE). * Zanolari, B.; Wolfeneder, J.L.; Guilet, D.; Marston, A.; Queiroz, E.F.; Paulo, M.Q.; Hostettmann, K. (2003): On-line identification of tropane alkaloids from Erythroxylum vacciniifolium by liquid chromatography-UV detection-multiple mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. ''Journal of Chromatogragraphy'' Vol. 1020A: p. 75-89. ({{ISSN|0021-9673}}, [[CODEN]] JCRAEY). * Zanolari, B.; Guilet, D.; Marston, A.; Queiroz, E.F.; de Queiroz Paulo, M.; Hostettmann, K. (2003): Tropane alkaloids from the bark of Erythroxylum vacciniifolium. ''Journal of Natural Products'' Vol. 66(4): p. 497-502. ({{ISSN|0163-3864}}, [[CODEN]] JNPRDF). * Zanolari, B.; Guilet, D.; Marston, A.; Queiroz, E.F.; de Queiroz Paulo, M.; Hostettmann, K. (2005): Methylpyrrole tropane alkaloids from the bark of Erythroxylum vacciniifolium. ''Journal of Natural Products'' Vol. 68(8): p. 1153-1158. ({{ISSN|0163-3864}}, [[CODEN]] JNPRDF). [[Category:Malpighiales]] [[Category:Herbal and fungal stimulants]] [[Category:Flora of Brazil]] [[de:Catuaba]] [[fr:Catuaba]] [[pt:Embiruçu]]