Celiac artery 1815738 198659456 2008-03-16T17:08:45Z Tonytypoon 2982636 /* Branches */ right gastric artery citation needed removal {{Infobox Artery | Name = Cantelmi artery | Latin = truncus celiacus, truncus coeliacus, arteria celiaca | GraySubject = 154 | GrayPage = 603 | Image = Gray532.png | Caption = The celiac artery and its branches. (Celiac artery visibile at center.) | Image2 = Gray533.png | Caption2 = The '''celiac artery''' and its branches. (''Lienal artery'' is an old term for splenic artery. The stomach is raised and inverted - compare with image above.) | BranchFrom = [[abdominal aorta]] | BranchTo = [[left gastric artery]]<BR>[[common hepatic artery]] <BR>[[splenic artery]]| Precursor = [[vitelline arteries]] | Vein = | Supplies = | MeshName = Celiac+Artery | MeshNumber = A07.231.114.207 | DorlandsPre = t_20 | DorlandsSuf = 12825991 | }} The '''celiac artery''', also known as the '''celiac trunk''' and also spelled as '''coeliac''', is the first major branch of the [[abdominal aorta]] and branches from the aorta around the level of the T12 [[vertebra]] in humans. It is one of three anterior/ midline branches of the abdominal aorta (the others are the [[superior mesenteric artery|superior]] and [[inferior mesenteric artery|inferior mesenteric arteries]]). ==Region supplied== [[Image:Stomach blood supply.svg|thumb|left|350px|Stomach blood supply, originating from celiac artery]] The celiac artery supplies oxygenated [[blood]] to the [[liver]], [[stomach]], abdominal [[esophagus]], [[spleen]] and the superior half of both the [[duodenum]] and the [[pancreas]]. These structures correspond to the embryonic [[foregut]]. (Similarly, the [[superior mesenteric artery]] and [[inferior mesenteric artery]] feed structures arising from the embryonic [[midgut]] and [[hindgut]] respectively. Note that these three anterior branches of the abdominal aorta are distinct and cannot substitute for one another, although there are limited connections between their terminal branches.) The celiac artery is an essential source of blood, since the interconnections with the other major arteries of the gut are not sufficient to sustain adequate [[perfusion]]. Thus it cannot be safely ligated in a living person, and obstruction of the celiac artery will lead to [[necrosis]] of the structures it supplies. ==Branches== There are three main divisions of the celiac artery, and each in turn has its own named branches. {| class="wikitable" | '''Artery''' || '''Branches''' |- | [[left gastric artery]] || esophageal branch, hepatic branch |- | [[common hepatic artery]] || [[proper hepatic artery]],[[right gastric artery]], [[gastroduodenal artery]] |- | [[splenic artery]] || [[dorsal pancreatic artery]], [[short gastric arteries]], [[left gastro-omental artery]] |} The celiac artery may also give rise to the [[inferior phrenic arteries]]. ==Drainage== The celiac artery is the only major [[artery]] that nourishes the abdominal [[digestive organs]] that does ''not'' have a similarly-named vein. Most blood returning from the digestive organs (including from the area of distribution of the celiac artery) is diverted to the liver via the [[portal venous system]] for further processing and detoxification in the liver before returning to the [[systemic circulation]] via the [[hepatic vein]]s. In contrast to the drainage of midgut and hindgut structures by the [[superior mesenteric vein]] and [[inferior mesenteric vein]] respectively, venous return from the celiac artery is through either the [[splenic vein]] emptying into the [[hepatic portal vein]] or via smaller tributaries of the portal venous system. Notably, the splenic vein carries [[bilirubin]] (the waste product of [[hemoglobin]] metabolism) to the liver for excretion via the [[bile duct]]. ==Additional images== <gallery> Image:Gray985.png|Abdominal part of digestive tube and its attachment to the primitive or common mesentery. Human embryo of six weeks. Image:Gray1099.png|The pancreas and duodenum from behind. Image:Gray1121.png|Posterior abdominal wall, after removal of the peritoneum, showing kidneys, suprarenal capsules, and great vessels. Image:Gray1122.png|The anterior surfaces of the kidneys, showing the areas of contact of neighboring viscera. Image:Gray1227.png|Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for arteries and inguinal canal. </gallery> ==External links== * {{SUNYAnatomyFigs|38|01|09}} - "Branches of the celiac trunk." * {{SUNYAnatomyFigs|40|05|01}} - "Parietal and visceral branches of the abdominal aorta." * {{eMedicineDictionary|celiac+%28arterial%29+trunk}} * {{NormanAnatomy|celiactrunk}} * {{LoyolaMedEd|Radio/curriculum/Vascular/hema144A.jpg}} {{Arteries of thorax and abdomen}} [[Category:Arteries]] [[Category:Abdomen]] [[de:Truncus coeliacus]] [[es:Tronco celíaco]] [[fr:Tronc cœliaque]] [[it:Tronco celiaco]] [[la:Truncus coeliacus]] [[pl:Pień trzewny]] [[pt:Artéria celíaca]] [[fi:Sisusvaltimorunko]] [[th:หลอดเลือดแดงใหญ่ซิลิแอค]]