Cell fractionation
512741
213922191
2008-05-21T10:54:56Z
Lunboks
6106927
Reverted 1 edit by [[Special:Contributions/218.248.25.226|218.248.25.226]]. ([[WP:TW|TW]])
'''Cell fractionation''' is the separation of homogeneous sets, usually [[organelle]]s, from a heterogeneous population of cells.
==Steps==
#Disruption (homogenisation) of cells and liberation of organelles.
#Macro Filtration
#Purification of cell components.
===Homogenization===
Tissue is typically homogenised in an [[isotonic]] buffer solution using a variety of mechanisms. A 'Potter-Elvehjem homogeniser' is often used as it is relatively gentle. Other procedures include grinding, mincing, chopping, pressure changes, osmotic shock and freeze-thawing.
The solution is homogenised in an isotonic solution to stop osmotic damage, with a pH buffer to regulate pH, and at an ice-cold temperature to prevent enzyme damage.
See [[Cell disruption]] for further details.
===Filtration===
This step may not be necessary depending on the source of the cells. Animal tissue however is likely to yield connective tissue which must be removed. Commonly, filtration is achieved either by pouring through gauze or with a suction filter and the relevant grade ceramic filter.
===Purification===
Invariably achieved by [[Differential centrifugation]] - the sequential increase in gravitational force resulting in the sequential separation of organelles according to their density.
==See also==
*[[Cell disruption]]
*[[Differential centrifugation]]
== External links ==
*[http://www.microfluidicscorp.com/cell_disruption/index.html Microfluidicscorp - MFIC OTC]
[[Category:Laboratory techniques]]
[[de:Zellfraktionierung]]